psych glossary Flashcards
Thinking charac by the ability to grasp essentials as a whole, to break a whole into parts and discern its properties. To think symbolically.
Abstract thinking
A process by which a repressed mat’L, particularly painful experience or conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls, but also relives the repressed mat’L which is accompanied by affective responses
Abreaction
Reduced impulse to act and to think, asso with indifference about consequences of action
Abulia
Loss of ability to do calculations.
Not caused by anxiety or impairment of concentration.
Neurologic and learning d/o
Acalculia
Disordered speech in which statements are incorrectly formulated. May use by sounds, with inapp thought and expression
Acataphasia
Lack of feeling asso with an ordinarily charged subject.
Decathexis (detaching or transferring of emotion from thought)
In anxiety, dissociative, schizophrenic and bipolar)
Acathexis
Loss of sensation of physical existence
Acenesthesia
Fear of high places
Acrophobia
Behavioral response to an unconscious drive or impulse that brings about temporary partial relief of inner tension. Relief is attained by reaction in situation as if it were the situation that originally gave rise to the drive or impulse.
Acting out
Acting out is common in what personality d/o?
Borderline personality do
Nonsense speech asso with marked impairment of comprehension.
Mania, schizo and neurologic.
Aculalia
Inability to perform rapid alternating movements.
Neurologic and cerebellar lesion.
Adiadochokinesia
Weakness and fatigability, characteristics of neurasthenia and depression.
Adynamia
Excessive swallowing of air.
Aerophagia
Aerophagia is seen in what disorder?
Anxiety disorder.
External expression of inner emotional state.
Subjective and immediate emotion attached to ideas or mental representation of objects.
Affect
Lack or impairment of sense of taste.
Depression and neurologic.
Ageusia
Forceful, goal-directed action.
Motor counterpart of affect of rage, anger or hostility.
Aggression
Severe anxiety asso with motor restlessness
Agitation
Inability to comprehend sensation.
Agnosia
Fear of open places or leaving familiar setting of home.
Agoraphobia
Loss or impairment of ability to write.
Agraphia
Fear of cats
Ailurophobia
Subjective feeling of motor restlessness manifested by a compelling need to be in constant movement.
Seen as adverse effect of antipsychotic med.
Akathisia
Mistaken as physical agitation
Akathisia
Lack of physical movement
Akinesia
Absence of voluntary motor movement or speech in pt who is apparently alert.
Akinetic mutism
Loss of ability to read
Alexia
Learning disability syndrome with inability to read.
Unrelated to person’s intelligence.
Dyslexia
Inability or difficulty in describing or being aware of one’s emotions or moods
Alexithymia
Dread of pain
Algophobia
Inability to speak due to mental deficiency or dementia
Alogia
Coexistence of two opposing impulses towards the same thing in the same person at the same time.
Schizo, borderline, OCD
Ambivalence
Lack of ability to make gestures or to comprehend those made by others.
Amimia
Partial or total inability to recall past experiences.
Amnesia
Disturbed capacity to name previously known objects.
Also called anomic aphasia
Amnestic aphasia
Results from an absence of mothering.
Anaclitic
State in which one feels little or no pain
Analgesia
Repetitious or stereotyped behavior of thought usually used as a tension-relieving device.
Synonym for obsession. OC personality.
Anancasm
Combi of culturally determine male and female charac in one person.
Androgyny
Inability to recall names of objects.
Anomia
Lack of energy
Anergia
Loos of interest in pleasurable activities.
Anhedonia
Loss or decrease in appetite.
Anorexia
Appetite is preserved but the person refuses to eat.
Anorexia nervosa
Inability to recognize physical deficit in oneself
Anosognosia
Loss of memory for events subsequent to the onset of amnesia.
Anterograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events preceding the onset of amnesia.
Retrograde amnesia
Feeling of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger which may be internal or external
Anxiety
Dulled emotional tone asso with detachment or indifference.
Apathy
Inability to express and comprehend in language.
Aphasia
Loss of voice
Aphonia
Aphonia is seen in what disorder
Conversion disorder.
Awareness of the meaning and significance of a particular sensory stimuli modified by one’ sown experiences, knowledge, thoughts and emotions.
Apperception
Emotional tone in harmony with the accompanied idea, thought or speech
Appropriate affect.
Inability to perform a voluntary purposeful motor activity.
Apraxia
Patient can not draw two or three dimensional forms
Constructional apraxia
Inability to stand or walk in normal manner, even though normal leg movements can be performed in sitting or lying position.
Astasia abasia
Inability to identify familiar objects by touch
Astereognosis
Disorder in language where patient combines unconnected ideas and images.
Asyndesis
Lack of coordination, physical or mental.
Ataxia
Refers to loss of muscular coordination.
Ataxia
Lack of coordination between feelings and thoughts
Intrapsychic ataxia
Lack of muscle tone
Atonia
Concentration
Aspect of consciousness that relates the amount of effort exerted in focussing on certain aspects.
Attention
False perception of sound , usually voice but also other noises.
Auditory hallucination
Warning sensation.
Sensory prodrome that precedes a classic migraine headache
Aura
Thinking in which thoughts are largely narcissistic rather than egocentric, with emphasis on subjectivity rather than objectivity, without regard for reality.
Autistic thinking
Sum total of psyche that includes impulses, motivations, wishes, drives, instincts and cravings expressed by a person’s behavior or motor activity.
Behaviour
Also called as conation
Behavior
Feeling of grief or desolation, especially death or loss of loved one
Bereavement
False belief that is partly absurd or fantastic.
Bizarre delusion
Amnesia experienced by alcoholics about behavior during drinking bouts. Usually indicated reversible brain damage.
Blackout
Abrupt interruption in train if thinking before a thoughts or idea is finished.
Blocking
Blocking is also known as
Thought deprivation or increased thought latency
Severe reduction in the intensity if externalized feeling tone
Blunted affect
Slowness of motor activity with a decrease in normal spontaneous movement.
Bradykinesia
Abnormally slow speech
Bradylalia
Inability to read at normal speed
Bradylexia
Grinding or gnashing of the teeth, typically occurs during sleep
Bruxism
Sensation of discomfort or pressure in the head.
Carebaria
Condition in which persons ,ain’t aim the body position into which they are placed
Catalepsy
Waxy flexibility
Catalepsy
Cerea flexibilitas
Catalepsy
Temporary sudden loss of muscle tone , causing weakness and immobilization.
Cataplexy
Cataplexy commonly seen in
Narcolepsy
Excited, uncontrolled motor activity. Patients may suddenly erupt into an excited state and is often followed by sleep.
Catatonic excitement
Voluntary assumption of an inappropriate or bizarre posture, generally maintained for long periods of time.
Catatonic posturing
Fixed and sustained motor position that is resistant to change
Catatonic rigidity
Stupor in which patients ordinarily are well aware of their surroundings
Catatonic stupor
Conscious or unconscious investment of psychic energy in an idea, object, concept or person
Cathexis
Change in the normal quality of feeling tone in a part of the body
Cenesthesia
Headache
Cephalagia
Condi of a person who can be molded into a position that is then maintained, when an examiner moves the person’s limb, the limb feels as if it were made of wax
Cerea flexibilitas
Movement disorder charac by random and invol quick, jerky, purposeless movements
Chorea
Chorea is seen in what disease?
Huntington’s disease
Disturbance in the associative thought and speech processes in which patient digresses into unnecessary details and inappropriate thought before reaching the central idea.
Circumstantiality
Association or soeech directed by the sound of word rather than by its meaning. Punning and rhyming.
Clang association
Fear of closed or confining space.
Claustrophobia
An involuntary, violent muscular contraction or spasm in which the muscles alternately contract and relax
Clonic convulsion
Characteristic phase in grand mal epileptic seizure
Clonic convulsion
Any disturbance of consciousness in which the person is not fully awake, alert and oriented.
Clouding of consciousness
Disturbance of fluency involving an abnormally rapid rate and erratic rhythm of speech that impedes intelligibility. Usually unaware of communicative impairment.
Cluttering
Mental process of knowing and becoming aware. Function is closely asso with judgment.
Cognition
State of profound unconsciousness from which a person cannot be roused, with minimal or no detectable responsiveness of stimuli.
Coma
Coma in which a pt appears to be asleep, but can be aroused.
Coma vigil
Akinetic mutism
Coma vigil
Condition associated with catalepsy in which suggestions are followed automatically
Command automatism
false perception of orders that a person may feel obliged to obey or unable to resist
Command hallucination
A feeling-toned idea
Complex
Seizure charac by alterations in consciousness that may be accom by complex hallucination or illusion. During the seizure, a state of impaired consciousness resembling a dreamlike state may occur, an the pat may exhibit repetitive, automatic or semi purposeful behavior.
Complex partial seizure
Pathological need to Act on impulse that, if resisted, may cause anxiety.
Compulsion
The part of a person’s mental life concerned with cravings, striving motivations, drives and wishes as expressed through behavior or motors activity.
Conation
Thinking characterized by actual things, events and immediate experience, rather than by abstractions. Inability to generalize.
Concrete thinking
Mental process in which one symbol a stands for a number of components.
Condensation
Unconscious filling of gaps in memory by imagining experiences or events that have no basis in fact.
Confabulation
Disturbance of memory in which reality and fantasy are confused.
Paramnesia
Disturbance of consciousness manifested by a disordered orientation in relation to time, place and person
Confusion
State of awareness with response to external stimuli
Consciousness
Inability to defecate. Difficulty in defecating.
Constipation
Reduction in intensity of feeling tone that is least sever that that of blunted.
Constricted affect
Inability to copy a drawing
Constructional apraxia
The development of symbolic physical symptoms and distortions involving the vol muscles or special sense organs.
Conversion phenomena
Invol violent muscular contraction and spasm
Convulsion
Convulsion in which muscle contraction is sustained.
Tonic convulsion
Invol use of vulgar or obscene language
Coprolalia
Coprolalia is commonly observed in
Schizo
Tourette’s syndrome
Eating of filth or feces
Coprophagia
Private written language
Cryptographia
Private spoken language
Cryptolalia
Paralysis of the muscle of accommodation in the eye
Cycloplegia
Deterioration of psychic functioning caused by a breakdown of defense mechanism
Decompensation
Illusion that what one is hearing has heard previously.
Déjà entendu
Condition in which a thought never entertained before is incorrectly regarded as a repetition of a previous thought.
Deja pense
Illusion of visual recognition in which a new situation is incorrectly regarded a a repetition of previous experience
Deja vu
Acute reversible mental disorder characterized by confusion or some impairment of consciousness.
Delirium
Acute and sometime fatal reaction to withdrawal from alcohol, usually occurring 72-96hrs after that cessation of heavy drinking.
Delirium tremens
Distinctive characteristics of delirium tremens
Marked autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia, fever, hyperhidrosis, dilated pupils)
Tremolousness
Hallucinations, illusions and delusions
False belief based on incorrect inference about external reality. That is firmly held despite objective and obvious contradictory proof or evidence and despite that fact that other members of culture do not share the belief.
Delusion
False belief that a person’s will, thought and feelings are being controlled by external forces.
Delusion of control
Exaggerated conception of one’s importance, power and identity
Delusion of grandeur
False belief that one’s lover is unfaithful
Delusion of infidelity
Pathological jealousy
Delusion of infidelity
False belief of being harassed or persecuted.
Delusion of persecution
Most common delusion
Delusion of persecution
False belief that one is bereft or will be deprived of all material possessions.
Delusion of poverty
False belief that he behavior of other refers to oneself or that events, objects, or other people or have a particular or unusual significance.
Delusion of reference
False feeling of remorse and guilt.
Delusion of self-accusation
Mental disorder characterized by general impairment of intellectual functioning without clouding of consciousness
Dementia
Defense mechanism in which the existence of unpleasant realities is disavowed.
Denial
Sensation of unreality concerning oneself, parts of oneself, or one’s environment that occurs under stress or fatigue.
Depersonalization
Mental state characterized by feeling of sadness, loneliness, despair, low self esteem and self reproach
Depression
Gradual or sudden deviation of train of thought without blocking
Derailment / loosening of association
Sensation of changed reality or that one’s surroundings have altered.
Derealization
Mental activity that follows a totally subjective and idiosyncratic system of logic and fails to take the facts of reality and experience into consideration.
Dereism
Characterized by distant interpersonal relationships and lack of emotional involvement
Detachment
Defense mechanism in which a person attributes excessively negative qualities to self or others.
Devaluation
Decreased sexual interest and drive
Diminished libido
Compulsion to drink alcoholic beverages
Dipsomania
Removal of inhibitory effect, as in reduction of the inhibitory func of cerebral cortex by alcohol
Disinhibition
A greater freedom to act in accordance with inner drives or feelings and with less regard for restraints dictated by cultural norms or one’s superego
Disinhibition
Confusion
Impairment of awareness of time, place and person
Disorientation
Unconscious defense mechanisms by which the emotional component of an unacceptable idea is transferred to a more acceptable one
Displacement
Unconscious defense mechanism involving the segregation of any group of mental or behavioral process from the rest of the person’s psychic activity
Dissociation
Inability to focus one’s attention. The patient does not respond to task at hand but attends to irrelevant phenomena in the environment
Distractibility
Massive or pervasive anxiety
Dread
Altered state of consciousness, Likened to a dream situation, which develops suddenly and usually lasts a few minutes
Dreamy state
Dreamy state is commonly associated with
Temporal lobe lesion
State of impaired awareness associated with a desire or inclination to sleep
Drowsiness
Difficulty of articulation, the motor activity of shaping phonated sounds into speech, not in word finding or grammar.
Dysarthria
Difficulty of performing calculations
Dyscalculia
Impaired sense of taste
Dysgeusia
Difficulty in writing
Dysgraphia
Difficulty of performing movements
Dyskinesia
Faulty articulation caused by structural abnormalities of the articulate organs or impaired hearing
Dyslalia
Specific learning disability syndrome involving impairments of previously acquired ability to read. Unrelated to person’s intelligence.
Dyslexia
Impaired ability to gauge distance relative to movements
Dysmetria
Impaired memory
Dysmnesia
Physical pain in sexual intercourse
Dyspareunia
Difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia
Difficulty in comprehending oral language or expressing in verbal language
Dysphasia
Difficulty or pain in speaking
Dysphonia
Feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort. A mood of general dissatisfaction and restlessness
Dysphoria
Loss of normal speech melody
Dysprosody
Extra pyramidal motor disturbance consisting of slow, sustained contractions of the Axial or appendicular musculature. One movement often predominates leading to relatively sustained postural deviation
Dystonia
Psychopathological repeating of words or phrases of one person by another
Echolalia
Denoting aspects of a person’s personality that are viewed as repugnant, unacceptable or inconsistent with the rest of the personality.
Ego-alien
Ego dystonic
Ego-alien
Denoting aspects of a person’s personality that are viewed as acceptable, or consistent with that person’s total personality.
Ego-syntonic
