ophtha-orbit, eyelids Flashcards
0
Q
The orbit extends anterior to the tarsus and can thank ligaments forming
A
Orbital septum
1
Q
Entire orbital cavity is lined with periosteum called the
A
Periorbita
2
Q
Entire orbital contents are completely enclosed except
A
At palpebral fissure
3
Q
4 compartments
A
- Subperiosteal space
- Ms cone
- Peripheral surgical space
- Episcleral space
4
Q
Space Between periorbita and bone
A
Subperiosteal space
5
Q
Space formed by recti ms and their intermuscular mem with tenon’s capsule
A
Ms cone
6
Q
Central surgical space
A
Ms cone
7
Q
Space between periorbita and ms cone
A
Peripheral surgical space
8
Q
Contains orbital fat that serves as cushion for the eyeball
A
Peripheral surgical space
9
Q
Space between sclera and tenon’s capsule
A
Episcleral space
10
Q
Orbit is pathway of cranial nerves..
A
CN 2-6
11
Q
In orbital vein obstruction, what can u find in ophthalmoscope
A
Venous stasis
Optic atrophy
12
Q
A difference of __mm between eyes in exophthalmometry is abnormal
A
> 2mm
13
Q
Assessment of compressibility of orbital contents
A
Orbitonometry
14
Q
Decreased compressibility in orbitonometry indicates
A
Infiltrative or neoplastic lesion
15
Q
Increased compressibility in orbitonometry indicates
A
Vascular tumor
16
Q
Solid tumors ans endocrine exophthalmos do not yield any degree of compressibility.
A
True
17
Q
Symptomatology of orbital pathology
A
- Proptosis, exophthalmos
- Displacement of globe
- Congestion or edema of lids and conjunctiva
- Bruit and pulsation
18
Q
Passive forward displacement or protrusion of eyeball from its normal place
A
Proptosis
19
Q
Active forward displacement or protrusion of eyeball from its normal place
A
Exophthalmos
20
Q
True exophthalmos is less frequent than proptosis
A
True
21
Q
Retrodisplacement of globe is seen in..
A
Horner’s syndrome
22
Q
Bruit/pulsation is seen earlier in aneurysm, while Bruit/pulsation is a later sign.
A
Bruit is seen earlier in aneurysm, while pulsation is a later sign.
23
Q
Orbital edema is characterized by
A
Axial proptosis
Venous congestion
Restriction of ocular movements
24
Orbital edema has no muscle paralysis.
Yes
25
Orbital hemorrhage is characterized by
Axial proptosis w. Limitation of eye movement
| Ecchymosis
26
Intermittent proptosis, more prominent when bending the head down, blowing nose and during physical exertion
Orbital varices
27
Characterized by pulsationg exophthalmos of rapid onset ff a basal fracture
Carotico-cavernous fistula
28
Thyrotoxic exophthalmos is charac by
Slight exophthalmos
Lid retraction
Lid lag
29
Endocrine exophthalmos is a pituitary disfunc wherein an ____ is released initiating cellular filtration of tissue within the orbit
EPS
30
Func of eyelids
1. Protect the globe for external injury and excessive light
2. Distribute tears uniformly over anterior surface of face.
31
In lid, Incision of grayline splits into
Posterior part- tarsal plate and conjunctiva
| Anterior part- orbicualris oculi, skin and hair follicles
32
Ms of eyelid
Orbicularis oculi
Levator palpebral superiosis
Palpebral smooth ms of muller
33
OO has 2 parts. What part squeezes the eyelid shut?
Peripheral orbital part of OO
34
OO has 2 parts. What part is responsible in invol blinking?
Central orbital part of OO
35
Each tarsus contains parallel rows of this gland which provides airtight closure of lids and provides rapid evaporation of tears.
Meibomian gland
36
Bld supply of eyelids
Lacrimal and ophthalmic arteries
| Branch form external carotid artery thru facial, superficial, temporal and infra orbital a.
37
Venous return of eyelid
Cavernous sinus or
| Into IJV via SOV and IOV
38
Lymphatic drainage of eyelid
Medial 2/3 of lower lid and medial 1/3 of upper lid - submaxillary lymph vessel
Lateral 1/3 of lower lid and lateral 2/3 if upper lid - pre-auricular lymph vessel
39
Innervating of eyelid
Upper lid and lateral portion of lower lid - C5-1 (ophthalmic n)
The rest is form maxillary div thru infraorbital n.
40
Embryological origin of eyelid
From fronto-nasal processes
41
Embryological origin of lower lid
Maxillary process
42
Inflammation of lid margin
Blepharitis
43
Redness limited to lid margins, aggravated by smoke, chemical fumes, and smog, and produce greasy scaling of skin
Squamous blepharitis
44
Blepharitis that is usually secondary to seborrheic dermatitis of scalp and eyebrows
Squamous blepharitis
45
Ulcerative blepharitis is caused by what organism
Staph aureus
46
Red inflamed margins with yellow crust which may become adherent to base of lashes
Ulcerative blepharitis
47
In ulcerative blepharitis, lashes may be lost due to destruction of hair follicles called
Madarosis
48
In ulcerative blepharitis, chronically, lid margins hypertrophies and thickens which cause upper lid to droop down giving ruse to sleepy appearance called
Tylosis
49
Management if blepharitis, hordeolum and Meibomianitis
Warm moist compress
50
Acute staph infection of asso gland of lids charac with circumscribed red, swollen and tender mass
Hordeolum
51
Hordeolum involving meibomian gland
Internal hordeolum
52
Hordeolum involving gland of zeiss and moll
External hordeolum
53
Swelling of this hordeolum is away from lid margin
Internal hordeolum
54
Swelling of this hordeolum is at lid margin
External hordeolum
55
Chronic granulomatous inflammation of meibomian gland, charac by painless swelling of g without inflammatory signs
Chalazion
56
Chalazion can cause glaucoma
True
57
Chronic inflammation of meibomian gland which is usually bilateral and preceded or asso with blepharitis
Meibomianitis
58
Local inflam which affects skin of lid
Contact dermatitis
59
Chronic/acute contact dermatitis with weeping eczema
Acute local dermatitis
60
Chronic/acute contact dermatitis with dry skin, indurated and itchy
Chronic local dermatitis
61
Infection of lids by crab louse (pediculosis pubis or capitis)
Phthiriasis palpebrarum
62
Infection of lid characterized by vesicle formation along lash line, edema tours lid margin and dermatitis may appear
Herpes febrilis
63
Infection of gasserian ganglion charac by unilateral vesicular eruption along distribution of 1st and 2nd division of CN5
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
64
Result of accidental inoculation or localization of virus in a ore-existing break in skin during period of view is (2-6d ff vaccination)
Lid vaccinia
65
Provides passive ab against vaccinia organism
VIG vaccinia immunoglobulin
66
Viral wart of lid that is slow growing and with mild infectivity
Verruca
67
Form of verruca that is round
Verruca vulgaris
68
Form of verruca that is threadlike
Verucca filiformis
69
Form of verruca that is flat
Verucca plana
70
Form of verruca that is filiform
Verucca digitala
71
Inflammatory condi of lid charac by formation of nodules with umbilicated craters (with waxy materials)
Molluscum contagiosum
72
Inflam sequela wherein eyelashes are misdirected to cornea
Trichiasis
73
Scarring of conj and lid margin cause by inflammation, injuries and operation is ff by
Entropion
74
Thermal burns, lid injuries and skin infection may result in
Ectropion
75
Part of palpebral conj is adherent to bulbar conjunctiva
Symblepharon
76
When upper and lower old are fused after inflammation subsides
Ankyloblepharon
77
Notching of defect in continuity if lid margin
Coloboma
78
Lid coloboma usually occurs in
Inner and middle 1/3 of upper lid
| Outer and middle 1/3 of lower
79
Vertical fold of skin from inner eyebrow to root of nose
Epicanthus
80
Reduced length and width of palpebral fissure
Blepharophimosis
81
Another row of eyelashes, usually towards the cornea
Distichiasis
82
Abnormal drooping of upper lid due to absence or weakness of levator palpebral ms or lesion to CN3
Congenital Ptosis or blepharoptosis
83
What IOM is involved in ptosis
Superior rectus ms
84
Rare type in which the affected eyelid elevates when the pt opens his mouth while chewing or laterally moves his jaw. Ptosis reappears when mouth is closed.
Marcus-Gunn or jaw-winking phenomenon
85
Blinking is a protective mechanism, it involves the contraction of tarsal part of OO lasting
0.3 s every 5s
86
Blinking is absent in infant
True
87
Blinking is diminished in what condition
Hyperthyroidism and Parkinson's disease
88
Marked invol twitching of eyelid caused by eye strain, nervous tension and weakend body resistance
Myokymia
89
Exaggerated contraction of orbital part of OO. A marked reflex of blinking.
Blepharoclonus
90
Inability of lids to close due to paralysis of CN7
Lagophthalmos
91
Forcible closure of lids which is usually bilateral caused by marked contraction of OO and corneal lesion
Blepharospasm
92
Dehiscence of orbital septum giving ties to localized swelling in lid when orbital fat prolapsed
Baggy eyelid
93
Loss of elasticity of skin of lids in aging
Blepharochalasis
94
Small cylindrical benign growth in eyelid
Cutaneous horn
95
Small pinhead sized yellowish white elevation due to sebaceous gland retention
Milium
96
Skin deposition of lipid materials in inner part of upper and lower lid. Lesion is yellowish and slightly elevated plaque with sharply demarcated margins
Xanthelasma
97
Small vesicles with clear content due to sweat gland obstruction
Sweat gland cyst
98
Port wine stain
Nevus flammeus
99
Hemangioma of Irreg blue red patch of variable size formed by diffuse telangiectasis of mature vessel of dermis
Nevus flammeus
100
Hemangioma of soft red lesions which disappears spontaneously
Capillary hemangioma
101
Hemangioma wherein the lesion is composed of simple endothelial line spaces larger than capillary hemangioma
Cavernous hemangioma
102
Most common malignant tumor of eyelid
BCC
103
BCC of lid is common in m/f, lower/upper lid
M, lower lid
104
SCC of lid is common in m/f, lower/upper lid
M, upper lid
105
BCC/SCC starts as elevated nodule with central dimple and pearly borders
BCC
106
BCC/SCC starts as warty growth with keratotic covering gradually eroding until ulcer develops
SCC
107
BCC of lid spreads by
Hematogenous spread
108
SCC of lid spreads by
Lymphatic spread
109
Yellowish white tumor on tarsal portion of lid. Mistaken for and asso with Chalazion
Meibomian gland Ca
