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ophtha-orbit, eyelids Flashcards

0
Q

The orbit extends anterior to the tarsus and can thank ligaments forming

A

Orbital septum

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1
Q

Entire orbital cavity is lined with periosteum called the

A

Periorbita

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2
Q

Entire orbital contents are completely enclosed except

A

At palpebral fissure

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3
Q

4 compartments

A
  1. Subperiosteal space
  2. Ms cone
  3. Peripheral surgical space
  4. Episcleral space
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4
Q

Space Between periorbita and bone

A

Subperiosteal space

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5
Q

Space formed by recti ms and their intermuscular mem with tenon’s capsule

A

Ms cone

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6
Q

Central surgical space

A

Ms cone

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7
Q

Space between periorbita and ms cone

A

Peripheral surgical space

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8
Q

Contains orbital fat that serves as cushion for the eyeball

A

Peripheral surgical space

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9
Q

Space between sclera and tenon’s capsule

A

Episcleral space

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10
Q

Orbit is pathway of cranial nerves..

A

CN 2-6

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11
Q

In orbital vein obstruction, what can u find in ophthalmoscope

A

Venous stasis

Optic atrophy

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12
Q

A difference of __mm between eyes in exophthalmometry is abnormal

A

> 2mm

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13
Q

Assessment of compressibility of orbital contents

A

Orbitonometry

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14
Q

Decreased compressibility in orbitonometry indicates

A

Infiltrative or neoplastic lesion

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15
Q

Increased compressibility in orbitonometry indicates

A

Vascular tumor

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16
Q

Solid tumors ans endocrine exophthalmos do not yield any degree of compressibility.

A

True

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17
Q

Symptomatology of orbital pathology

A
  1. Proptosis, exophthalmos
  2. Displacement of globe
  3. Congestion or edema of lids and conjunctiva
  4. Bruit and pulsation
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18
Q

Passive forward displacement or protrusion of eyeball from its normal place

A

Proptosis

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19
Q

Active forward displacement or protrusion of eyeball from its normal place

A

Exophthalmos

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20
Q

True exophthalmos is less frequent than proptosis

A

True

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21
Q

Retrodisplacement of globe is seen in..

A

Horner’s syndrome

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22
Q

Bruit/pulsation is seen earlier in aneurysm, while Bruit/pulsation is a later sign.

A

Bruit is seen earlier in aneurysm, while pulsation is a later sign.

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23
Q

Orbital edema is characterized by

A

Axial proptosis
Venous congestion
Restriction of ocular movements

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24
Q

Orbital edema has no muscle paralysis.

A

Yes

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25
Q

Orbital hemorrhage is characterized by

A

Axial proptosis w. Limitation of eye movement

Ecchymosis

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26
Q

Intermittent proptosis, more prominent when bending the head down, blowing nose and during physical exertion

A

Orbital varices

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27
Q

Characterized by pulsationg exophthalmos of rapid onset ff a basal fracture

A

Carotico-cavernous fistula

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28
Q

Thyrotoxic exophthalmos is charac by

A

Slight exophthalmos
Lid retraction
Lid lag

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29
Q

Endocrine exophthalmos is a pituitary disfunc wherein an ____ is released initiating cellular filtration of tissue within the orbit

A

EPS

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30
Q

Func of eyelids

A
  1. Protect the globe for external injury and excessive light
  2. Distribute tears uniformly over anterior surface of face.
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31
Q

In lid, Incision of grayline splits into

A

Posterior part- tarsal plate and conjunctiva

Anterior part- orbicualris oculi, skin and hair follicles

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32
Q

Ms of eyelid

A

Orbicularis oculi
Levator palpebral superiosis
Palpebral smooth ms of muller

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33
Q

OO has 2 parts. What part squeezes the eyelid shut?

A

Peripheral orbital part of OO

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34
Q

OO has 2 parts. What part is responsible in invol blinking?

A

Central orbital part of OO

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35
Q

Each tarsus contains parallel rows of this gland which provides airtight closure of lids and provides rapid evaporation of tears.

A

Meibomian gland

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36
Q

Bld supply of eyelids

A

Lacrimal and ophthalmic arteries

Branch form external carotid artery thru facial, superficial, temporal and infra orbital a.

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37
Q

Venous return of eyelid

A

Cavernous sinus or

Into IJV via SOV and IOV

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38
Q

Lymphatic drainage of eyelid

A

Medial 2/3 of lower lid and medial 1/3 of upper lid - submaxillary lymph vessel
Lateral 1/3 of lower lid and lateral 2/3 if upper lid - pre-auricular lymph vessel

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39
Q

Innervating of eyelid

A

Upper lid and lateral portion of lower lid - C5-1 (ophthalmic n)
The rest is form maxillary div thru infraorbital n.

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40
Q

Embryological origin of eyelid

A

From fronto-nasal processes

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41
Q

Embryological origin of lower lid

A

Maxillary process

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42
Q

Inflammation of lid margin

A

Blepharitis

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43
Q

Redness limited to lid margins, aggravated by smoke, chemical fumes, and smog, and produce greasy scaling of skin

A

Squamous blepharitis

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44
Q

Blepharitis that is usually secondary to seborrheic dermatitis of scalp and eyebrows

A

Squamous blepharitis

45
Q

Ulcerative blepharitis is caused by what organism

A

Staph aureus

46
Q

Red inflamed margins with yellow crust which may become adherent to base of lashes

A

Ulcerative blepharitis

47
Q

In ulcerative blepharitis, lashes may be lost due to destruction of hair follicles called

48
Q

In ulcerative blepharitis, chronically, lid margins hypertrophies and thickens which cause upper lid to droop down giving ruse to sleepy appearance called

49
Q

Management if blepharitis, hordeolum and Meibomianitis

A

Warm moist compress

50
Q

Acute staph infection of asso gland of lids charac with circumscribed red, swollen and tender mass

51
Q

Hordeolum involving meibomian gland

A

Internal hordeolum

52
Q

Hordeolum involving gland of zeiss and moll

A

External hordeolum

53
Q

Swelling of this hordeolum is away from lid margin

A

Internal hordeolum

54
Q

Swelling of this hordeolum is at lid margin

A

External hordeolum

55
Q

Chronic granulomatous inflammation of meibomian gland, charac by painless swelling of g without inflammatory signs

56
Q

Chalazion can cause glaucoma

57
Q

Chronic inflammation of meibomian gland which is usually bilateral and preceded or asso with blepharitis

A

Meibomianitis

58
Q

Local inflam which affects skin of lid

A

Contact dermatitis

59
Q

Chronic/acute contact dermatitis with weeping eczema

A

Acute local dermatitis

60
Q

Chronic/acute contact dermatitis with dry skin, indurated and itchy

A

Chronic local dermatitis

61
Q

Infection of lids by crab louse (pediculosis pubis or capitis)

A

Phthiriasis palpebrarum

62
Q

Infection of lid characterized by vesicle formation along lash line, edema tours lid margin and dermatitis may appear

A

Herpes febrilis

63
Q

Infection of gasserian ganglion charac by unilateral vesicular eruption along distribution of 1st and 2nd division of CN5

A

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

64
Q

Result of accidental inoculation or localization of virus in a ore-existing break in skin during period of view is (2-6d ff vaccination)

A

Lid vaccinia

65
Q

Provides passive ab against vaccinia organism

A

VIG vaccinia immunoglobulin

66
Q

Viral wart of lid that is slow growing and with mild infectivity

67
Q

Form of verruca that is round

A

Verruca vulgaris

68
Q

Form of verruca that is threadlike

A

Verucca filiformis

69
Q

Form of verruca that is flat

A

Verucca plana

70
Q

Form of verruca that is filiform

A

Verucca digitala

71
Q

Inflammatory condi of lid charac by formation of nodules with umbilicated craters (with waxy materials)

A

Molluscum contagiosum

72
Q

Inflam sequela wherein eyelashes are misdirected to cornea

A

Trichiasis

73
Q

Scarring of conj and lid margin cause by inflammation, injuries and operation is ff by

74
Q

Thermal burns, lid injuries and skin infection may result in

75
Q

Part of palpebral conj is adherent to bulbar conjunctiva

A

Symblepharon

76
Q

When upper and lower old are fused after inflammation subsides

A

Ankyloblepharon

77
Q

Notching of defect in continuity if lid margin

78
Q

Lid coloboma usually occurs in

A

Inner and middle 1/3 of upper lid

Outer and middle 1/3 of lower

79
Q

Vertical fold of skin from inner eyebrow to root of nose

A

Epicanthus

80
Q

Reduced length and width of palpebral fissure

A

Blepharophimosis

81
Q

Another row of eyelashes, usually towards the cornea

A

Distichiasis

82
Q

Abnormal drooping of upper lid due to absence or weakness of levator palpebral ms or lesion to CN3

A

Congenital Ptosis or blepharoptosis

83
Q

What IOM is involved in ptosis

A

Superior rectus ms

84
Q

Rare type in which the affected eyelid elevates when the pt opens his mouth while chewing or laterally moves his jaw. Ptosis reappears when mouth is closed.

A

Marcus-Gunn or jaw-winking phenomenon

85
Q

Blinking is a protective mechanism, it involves the contraction of tarsal part of OO lasting

A

0.3 s every 5s

86
Q

Blinking is absent in infant

87
Q

Blinking is diminished in what condition

A

Hyperthyroidism and Parkinson’s disease

88
Q

Marked invol twitching of eyelid caused by eye strain, nervous tension and weakend body resistance

89
Q

Exaggerated contraction of orbital part of OO. A marked reflex of blinking.

A

Blepharoclonus

90
Q

Inability of lids to close due to paralysis of CN7

A

Lagophthalmos

91
Q

Forcible closure of lids which is usually bilateral caused by marked contraction of OO and corneal lesion

A

Blepharospasm

92
Q

Dehiscence of orbital septum giving ties to localized swelling in lid when orbital fat prolapsed

A

Baggy eyelid

93
Q

Loss of elasticity of skin of lids in aging

A

Blepharochalasis

94
Q

Small cylindrical benign growth in eyelid

A

Cutaneous horn

95
Q

Small pinhead sized yellowish white elevation due to sebaceous gland retention

96
Q

Skin deposition of lipid materials in inner part of upper and lower lid. Lesion is yellowish and slightly elevated plaque with sharply demarcated margins

A

Xanthelasma

97
Q

Small vesicles with clear content due to sweat gland obstruction

A

Sweat gland cyst

98
Q

Port wine stain

A

Nevus flammeus

99
Q

Hemangioma of Irreg blue red patch of variable size formed by diffuse telangiectasis of mature vessel of dermis

A

Nevus flammeus

100
Q

Hemangioma of soft red lesions which disappears spontaneously

A

Capillary hemangioma

101
Q

Hemangioma wherein the lesion is composed of simple endothelial line spaces larger than capillary hemangioma

A

Cavernous hemangioma

102
Q

Most common malignant tumor of eyelid

103
Q

BCC of lid is common in m/f, lower/upper lid

A

M, lower lid

104
Q

SCC of lid is common in m/f, lower/upper lid

A

M, upper lid

105
Q

BCC/SCC starts as elevated nodule with central dimple and pearly borders

106
Q

BCC/SCC starts as warty growth with keratotic covering gradually eroding until ulcer develops

107
Q

BCC of lid spreads by

A

Hematogenous spread

108
Q

SCC of lid spreads by

A

Lymphatic spread

109
Q

Yellowish white tumor on tarsal portion of lid. Mistaken for and asso with Chalazion

A

Meibomian gland Ca

Med Prep (52 decks)

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