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Med Prep > ophtha - sympto, obj&subj exam > Flashcards

ophtha - sympto, obj&subj exam Flashcards

0
Q

Subjective signs

A
  1. Pain (orbital pain, headache)

2. Disturbances of vision

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1
Q

Objective signs

A
  1. Redness
  2. Crust formation
  3. Secretion (watery secretions, discharges)
  4. Lumps
  5. Lid disturbances (malformation,malposition)
  6. Eyeball disturbance (abn size, malposition, maldirection, malfixation)
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2
Q

Redness localized nasally is due to

A

Inflammation of lacrimal sac

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3
Q

Redness localized in lateral aspect

A

Inflammation of lacrimal gland

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4
Q

Caused by dilatation of superficial conjunctival blood vessels

A

Conjunctival congestion

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5
Q

Caused by dilatation of deeper blood vessels of anterior ciliary artery

A

Ciliary injection

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6
Q

Whitish foamy secretion can be present in

A

Vit A deficiency

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7
Q

Generally, upper lid margin is ___mm below upper limbus, while the lower lid margin is just at level of lower limbus.

A

2mm

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8
Q

The term hypotropia is not used.

A

Yes. If right eye is lower, it is recorded as left hypertropia.

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9
Q

Presence of a fast component denotes a labyrinthine etiology. It is caused by poor central vision.

A

Ocular nystagmus

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10
Q

Foreign body sensation or sharp pain in the eye occurs when

A

When lid moves

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11
Q

It is felt after excessive use of the eyes or when the patient tends to rub the eyes

A

Itching, smarting or burning sensation

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12
Q

Soreness or tenderness is elicited by.

A

Pressing the eyeball

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13
Q

Headaches that are localized in___ regions are ocular in nature.

A

Frontal and temporal

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14
Q

If the headache is unilateral, it is due to ..

A

Inflam of orbit, lids or eye and glaucoma

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15
Q

If the headache is bilateral, it is asso with.

A

Uncorrected refractive errors or ms imbalances

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16
Q

Whirling and swaying sensation is vestibular/ocular in origin and are elicited by a sudden movement of the head.

A

Vestibular

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17
Q

Temporary dimness sensation is vestibular/ocular in origin and are elicited by turning of eyes vertically or horizontally.

A

Ocular

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18
Q

Filipinos at age __ have difficulty reading fine prints at a distance of __cm.

A

37yrs old

28-30cm

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19
Q

Poor near vision

A

Presbyopia

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20
Q

Seeing double with only one eye noted when 2 diff retinal areas of an aye subserve 2 diff images

A

Monocular diplopia

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21
Q

Colored vision

A

Chromatopsia

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22
Q

Rainbow colored halo

A

Glaucoma

Incipient cataract

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23
Q

Red vision

A

Erythropsia

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24
Q

Erythropsia is due to

A

Vitreous hemorrhage

Aphakia

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25
Q

Yellow vision

A

Xanthopsia

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26
Q

Xanthopsia is due to

A

Jaundice and carbon monoxide poisoning

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27
Q

White vision is due to

A

Digitalis poisoning

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28
Q

Blue vision

A

Cyanopsia

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29
Q

Cyanopsia is due to

A

Initial cataract extraction

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30
Q

Green vision

A

Chloropsia

31
Q

Violet vision

A

Ianthenopsia

32
Q

Chloropsia and ianthenopsia is due to

A

Chorio-retinal pathology

33
Q

Sudden/gradual onset of blindness is charac of crao, vitreous hemo, retinal detachment and optic nerve trauma

A

Sudden onset

34
Q

Sudden/gradual onset of blindness is charac of corneal opacities, cataract, optic atrophy and chronic intraocular inflammation.

A

Gradual progressive blindness

35
Q

Both eyes may have partial blindness at the same time.

36
Q

Defects In the 2 eyes that are equal in size and shape are termed congruous/incongruous.

37
Q

Defects In the 2 eyes that are not equal in size and shape are termed congruous/incongruous.

A

Incongruous

38
Q

Superior palpebral folds are generally present in the upper lid ___mm above margin

39
Q

Among Asians the superior PAlpebral fold can be located lower or lost because

A

Of the absence of cutaneous insertions of elevator palpebral ms

40
Q

The highest limit of the normal value in indentation or schiotz tonometer.

A

25mmHg or 5 scales reading

41
Q

The highest limit of the normal value in applanation tonometer

42
Q

Minute irregular curvature of cornea can be detected only by ..

A

Placido disk or keratometer

43
Q

If the iris is pushed forward, the anterior chamber is …

44
Q

If the iris is pushed backward, the anterior chamber is …

45
Q

At the peripheral part of the chamber, the iris should be adherent to the cornea

46
Q

What do u call the reflex when the light is directed to the pupil of one eye, that the pupil will constrict

A

Direct light reflex

47
Q

What do u call the reflex when the light is directed to the pupil of one eye, that the pupil will constrict and simultaneously the pupil of other eye will also constrict.

A

Consensual light reflex

48
Q

The presence of the lens can be verified by the appearance of at least 2 light reflexes in the pupillary area (purkinje images). One reflex coming from,, and the other from…

A

Anterior lens capsule and posterior lens capsule

49
Q

Ophthalmoscope studies the…

A

Retina
Choroid
Optic disk

50
Q

This soln should be placed on the eyes after the examination to avoid an acute attack of glaucoma

A

Pilocarpine 1%

51
Q

The ophthalmoscope is put on. The lens is set at zero. The examiner directs the light at the patient’s eye from a distance of __cm.

52
Q

Any black area seen on the reflex in ophthalmoscope means …

A

Opacity in ocular media

53
Q

Any gray or bluish area seen on the reflex in ophthalmoscope means …

A

Retinal lesion

54
Q

Absence of a reflex occurs when the opacity in the ocular media is

A

So dense as not to allow the light to penetrate inside

55
Q

The veins are larger in size than arteries. The veins may show pulsation but not the arteries.

56
Q

Temporal to the disc is the

57
Q

The human eye as a sense organ is stimulated adequately by light alone and it sees that portion of energy spectrum whose wavelengths range from..

A

400-800 millimicra (mu)

58
Q

What color has the shorter wavelength?

59
Q

What color has the longer wavelength?

60
Q

Visual pigment of cones

61
Q

Visual pigment of rods

62
Q

The cones/rods are anatomically closely packed together and each cones/rods is connected to one ganglion cell.

63
Q

The cones/rods are anatomically more separated and 2-4 cones/rods is connected to one ganglion cell.

64
Q

Central vision is determined by measuring

A

Visual acuity

Color perception

65
Q

The peripheral vision is determined by measuring

A

Visual fields

Dark adaptation

66
Q

Measured by checking the minimum size of a letter that the eye can recognized at a certain distance under daylight illumination.

A

Visual acuity

67
Q

The most practical way for one to measure the accommodation of a patient is to test his vision for near by what Test?

A

Jaeger test cards

68
Q

The smallest print can be read by normal individual at a distance of __cm

A

25cm (13in)

69
Q

The distance between that point and the eye has an equivalent power of accommodation expressed in

70
Q

The portion in space wherein objects can be seen when gazing at a certain fixed direction.

A

Visual field

71
Q

An island of vision surrounded by a sea of blindness.

A

Visual field

72
Q

Normally a person will start not seeing the colored objects within __sec.

A

40s. More than this period is abnormal.

73
Q

Pain sensation in the eye can be tested by looking for ..

A

By looking for Ciliary tenderness and by checking for corneal sensitivity.

74
Q

It is tested by touching the cornea with a wisp of cotton

A

Corneal sensitivity

75
Q

The second most frequent abnormal neurologic finding in cerebellopontine angle tumor

A

Diminution of sensation of eyes

Med Prep (52 decks)

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