microbio - helminths Flashcards
0
Q
Roundworms
A
Nematodes
1
Q
T or F: within the normal human host, there is no immune reaction to living worms
A
True
2
Q
Flatworms
A
Platyhelminthes
3
Q
Intestinal nematodes that are acquired thru ingestion of eggs
A
Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
4
Q
Intestinal nematodes that are acquired when their larvae penetrate the skin, usually of the foot
A
Necator americanus (hookworm) Strongyloides stercoralis
5
Q
Intestinal nematode that is acquired by ingestion of encysted larvae in muscle (pork meat)
A
Trichinella spiralis
6
Q
Nematodes that has larval form that migrates through the tissue and into the lung at some stage of their life cycle. The larvae grow in the lung, are coughed up and swallowed into the intestine, where they grow into adult worms.
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
Necator americanus
Strongyloides stercoralis
7
Q
Scariest worm
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
8
Q
Largest intestinal nematode
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
9
Q
Tramway sign in X-ray
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
10
Q
Nematode that causes loeffler’s syndrome -pneumonitis
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
11
Q
Dot sign
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
12
Q
Produces large eosinophilic exudates
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
13
Q
Ascaris lumbricoides and Necator americanus have very similar life cycle, they differ only in the path that each larvae form takes to reach the lung:
A
Necator americanus: foot to lung
Ascaris lumbricoides: intestine to lung
14
Q
New world hookworm
A
Necator americanus
15
Q
Cutting plates
A
Necator americanus
Fasciolopsis buski
16
Q
Cat/dog hookworm
A
Ancyclostoma braziliensis
17
Q
Form of larva that can penetrate the skin (n.americanus and s.stercoralis)
A
Filariform larva
18
Q
Cutaneous larva migrans aka creeping eruption (intensely pruritic, migratory skin infection)
A
Ancyclostoma braziliensis
19
Q
Cochin china diarrhea
A
Strongyloides stercoralis
20
Q
Has indirect and direct cycle and
Autoinfection where filariform larvae develop and penetrate intestinal wall
A
Strongyloides stercoralis
21
Q
Principal host of Strongyloides stercoralis
A
Man
22
Q
Diagnostic test for Strongyloides
A
Filter paper strip procedure
Agar plate method
Baermann’s technique
23
Q
Treatment for Strongyloides stercoralis infection
A
Albendazole
24
Can be acquired thru ingestion of undercooked meat where in the encysted larvae of nematode live in striated muscle
Trichinella spiralis
25
May cause periorbital edema
Trichinella spiralis
26
Nurse cells
Trichinella spiralis
27
Whipworm
Trichuris trichiura
28
No filariform larvae stage, no tissue invasion, no lung involvement and the eosinophilic count is not elevated
Trichuris trichiura
| Enterobius vermicularis
29
In trichuris trichiura, there is no auto infection, why is that?
Since the eggs must incubate in moist soil for 3-6weeks before they become infective.
30
Rectal prolapse
Trichuris trichiura
31
Lemon-shaped egg
Trichuris trichiura
32
Bipolar plugs
Trichuris trichiura
33
The life cycle of trichuris trichiura is
Slow
34
Causes Pruritus ani (perianal itching)
Enterobius vermicularis
35
Pin worm / seat worm
Enterobius vermicularis
36
Diagnostic test for Enterobius vermicularis infection
Scotch tape test on the perianal area
| Cellophane tape swab
37
Pinworms mature in..
Cecum and ascending intestine
38
Vector of onchocerca volvulus
Black fly or buffalo gnat
| Simulium flies
39
Black river blindness
Onchocerca volvulus
40
"Mal morado" or "erisipelas de la costa"
Onchocerca volvulus
41
The thickened skin may appear dry, scaly and thick (LEOPARD SKIN)
Onchocerca volvulus
42
Hanging groin
Onchocerca volvulus
43
"Craw-craw or "sowda"
Onchocerca volvulus
44
Reaction to proteins released by dying onchocerca, including fevers, rashes, ocular damage, joint and muscle pain, and lymphangitis as well as hypotension, pyrexia, respiratory distress, and prostration.
Drug reaction to DEC diethylcarbamazine
Mazzoti reaction
45
Infective stage of onchocerca volvulus in man
Micro filariae
46
Treatment for onchocerciasis
DEC diethylcarbamazine
47
Differentiate in dermal nodule
Onchocerca volvulus
48
Filariasis is caused by
Wuchereria bancrofti
| Brugia malayi
49
Transmitted by genus mansonia
Brugia malayi
50
Vector of filariasis
Culex, aedes poicilus, and anopheles flavirostis mimimus mosquito
51
Filariasis, a wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi infection, causes what manifestations?
Elephantiasis
| Elephantoid fever
52
Topical pulmonary eosinophilia
Filariasis
53
Treatment for filariasis
Ivermectin
| Diethylcarbamazine DEC
54
Infective stage of filariasis in man
Microfilariae
55
Blood and tissue nematodes
Onchocerca volvulus
| Wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi
56
Adult worms of blood and tissue nematodes lives in
Lymphatic tissue
57
Blood and tissue nematodes spread by ..
Bite of arthropod
58
Guinea worm
Dracunculus medinensis
59
Fiery serpents that plagued the Israelites by the Red Sea
Dracunculus medinensis
60
Infective stage of dracunculus medinensis to man
Microfilariae in Copepods
61
T or F: flatworms does not have digestive tract
True
62
Flukes
Trematodes
63
Tapeworms
Cestodes
64
A group of Platyhelminthes that live and mate within digestive tract
Cestodes
65
A group of Platyhelminthes that is hermaphroditic (has male and female sex organs)
Cestodes
66
T or F: all flukes have a water snail species as an intermediate host
True
67
Intermediate host of Trematodes
Snail
68
Blood fluke
Schistosoma
69
Mature schistosomal larva that infects human
Cercariae
70
Treatment for Cestodes and Trematodes infection
Praziquantel
71
Schistosomes
S. haematobium
S. japonicum
S. mansoni
72
Resides in veins surrounding the bladder and deposits egg in urine.
Causes urinary bladder carcinoma
Terminal spine
Schistosoma haematobium
73
Schistosoma that resides in intestinal tract and deposits eggs in feces.
Small lateral spine.
Schistosoma japonicum
74
Schistosoma that resides in intestinal tract and deposits eggs in feces.
Prominent lateral spine
Schistosoma mansoni
75
Manifests:
Katayama reaction (fever) as a result of the grown adults laying their eggs.
Swimmer's itch as a result of penetration of cercaria on the swimmer's skin.
Claystem/pipe stem fibrosis
Schistosoma japonicum
76
Schistosoma with Non-operculated ovum
Schistosoma japonicum
77
Diagnostic test for schistosoma
Kato's thick-smear method
78
Vector of schistosoma japonicum
Onchomelania quadrasi
79
Test for schistosoma cercariae
Circum oval precipitin test (COPT)
80
Box-like segments of tapeworm
Proglottids
81
The most anterior segment of tapeworm, which has suckers or sometimes hook
Scolex
82
___proglottids that has the male and female sex organs
Mature proglottids
83
___proglottids that contains the fertilized eggs
Gravid proglottids
84
Pork tapeworm
Taenia solium
85
Beef tapeworm
Taenia saginata
86
Length of pork tapeworm
2-8meters
87
Occurs when humans take the role of pigs and ingest eggs rather than the encysted larvae
Cysticercosis
88
Has rostellar hooks
Taenia solium
89
4 suckers and circle of hooks
Taenia solium
90
Causes neurocysticercosis
Taenia solium
91
Most common sequela of neurocysticercosis
Seizure
92
Pathognomonic sign of taenia solium infection
Migrating intraventricular cyst
93
Fish tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium latum
94
Causes vitamin b12 deficiency to megaloblastic anemia
Diphyllobothrium latum
95
Intermediate hosts of diphyllobothrium latum
Crustaceans and fish
96
Max length of diphyllobothrium latum
45 meters
97
Ova with operculum
| Has elongated sucking grooves
Diphyllobothrium latum
98
The larvae of diphyllobothrium latum is called..
Plerocercoid / sparganum
99
Positive uterine rosette
| Spirometra
Diphyllobothrium latum
100
```
Smallest tapeworm (15-55mm)
Dwarf tapeworm
```
Hymenolepis nana
101
Infective stage of hymenolepis nana
Eggs are directly infectious to humans
102
Tapeworm that is Endemic in Philippines
Hymenolepis nana
103
Rat tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
104
Causes hydatid disease, an extra-intestinal tapeworm infection
Echinococcus granulosus
105
Dog tapeworm
Echinococcus granulosus
106
It causes anaphylactic shock when the hydatid cyst bursts
Echinococcus granulosus
107
Diagnostic test in echinococcus granulosus infection
Casoni's skin test
108
Treatment for echinococcus granulosus
Albendazole
109
Brood capsules
| Liver cysts
Echinococcus granulosus
110
Rat lungworms
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
111
Causes radiculomyeloencephalitis
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
112
Barber's pole
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
113
Anisakis sp. transmission
Acquired thru ingestion of raw seafoods
114
Acquired thru ingestion of raw seafoods
Anisakis sp.
115
Pudoc worm
Capillaria philippinensis
116
Causes borborygmi (rumbling and gurgling noise in intestine) and diarrhea
Capillaria philippinensis
117
Resemble gastric carcinoma
Anisakis sp.
118
Chinese liver fluke
Clonorchis sinensis
119
Disease caused by clonorchis sinensis
Cholangicarcinoma
120
Garrison fluke
Echinostoma ilocanum
121
Collarette of spine
Echinostoma ilocanum
122
Intermediate host of Echinostoma ilocanum
Pila luzonica
123
Endemic in Philippines
Hymenolepis nana
| Echinostoma ilocanum
124
Giant intestinal fluke
Fasciolopsis buski
125
Egg hen shape ova
Fasciolopsis buski
126
Mode of transmission of fasciolopsis buski
Eating aquatic vegetation carrying the cysts
| Bamboo shoots and water chestnuts
127
Treatment of fasciolopsis buski
Praziquantel
128
Fluke that is Endemic in Philippines
Echinostoma ilocanum
129
Sheep liver fluke
| Sheep liver rot
Fasciola hepatica
130
Treatment for fasciola hepatica
Bithionol
131
Transmission of fasciola hepatica
Eating watercress contaminated with metacercariae
132
Fascio hepatica excysts in..
Duodenum
133
Cephalic cone
| Halzoun
Fascio hepatica
134
Eating raw fish containing cysts
| Causes cardiac beriberi / cardiac failure
Heterophyses heterophyses
135
African eye worm
Loa loa
136
Intermediate host of loa loa
Deer fly
137
Infective stage of loa loa
Micro filariae
138
Treatment for loa loa infection
Ivermectin
| Diethylcarbamazine
139
Causes calabar swelling or fugitive swelling
| Crawling across the conjunctiva
Loa loa
140
Lung fluke
Paragonimus westermani
141
Acquired when ingested undercooked crabs/crayfish
Ova with operculum
Hemoptysis
Paragonimus westermani
142
Dog roundworms
Toxocarca canis
143
Visceral larva migrans
Toxocarca canis
144
Diagnostic test for toxocarca canis
Casoni skin test
145
Treatment for toxocarca canis infection
Diethylcarbamazine
146
Diagnostic test for trichinosis
Bentonite floccukation test
147
For egg counting
Stoll's technique
