Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Making a protein using the code of the nucleotides in DNA

Answer 1

Protein Synthesis

Question 2

What are the 2 steps in protein synthesis ?

Answer 2

1) Transcription
2) Translation

Question 3

Process copying a portion of DNA (gene) producing a complementary strand of RNA

Answer 3

Transcription

Question 4

Describe protein synthesis in Prokaryotes

Answer 4

Replication, transcription, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm at the same time

Question 5

Describe protein synthesis in Eukaryotes

Answer 5

Replication, transcription, and translation are separated by time and location.
Transcription: nucleus
Transcription: cytoplasm

Question 6

How many different possible outcomes of 3-base codons ?

Answer 6

64

Question 7

61 out of 64 of the 3-bsse codons are used for

Answer 7

Used for code for amino acids

Question 8

What are the 3-base codons not if the 61 used for ?

Answer 8

3 of them are “stop codons “ the signal the end of the protein

Question 9

What is the remaining 1 codon used for that is not part of the 61 or 3 to end?

Answer 9

That one codon that can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis

Question 10

What is the start codon ?

Answer 10

Methionine

Question 11

Is this Transcription or Translation?
1) RNA polymerase (enzyme) attached to the part of the DNA strand, separating a section of the DNA strand. (Not the entire strand )

2) RNA polymerase uses one DNA strand as template to assemble nucleotides into a complementary strand of mRNA

3) mRNA separates from the DNA strand and leaves the nucleus. DNA strands rejoin/zip closed

Answer 11

Transcription

Question 12

Is this Transcription or Translation?

1) mRNA leaves the nucleus and attached to a ribosome
2) the tRNA molecule with the correct anticodon attaches to the mRNA codon
3) the amino acid is released from the tRNA. Peptide bonds is formed between amino acid
4) the mRNA slides through ribosome. The next tRNA attached to the mRNA codon.
5) this process continues until a STOP codon is reached

Answer 12

Translation

Question 13

The genetic code is the _____ for every living organism, which means the codons represent the same amino acids in ALL living organisms

Answer 13

Same

Question 14

Transcribed in nucleus - not all bases wil be translated into a protein

Answer 14

Pre-mRNA

Question 15

DNA bases that are transcribed into mRNA and eventually code for amino acids in proteins ( expressed genes )

Answer 15

Exons

Question 16

DNA bases that are found between exons and are NOT translated into a protein ( interrupted genes )

Answer 16

Introns

Question 17

Exons are spliced (put together ) by ____ to create mature mRNA that will become a protein

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

This is where protein bonds to initiate transcription

Answer 18

Promoter site

Question 19

Where transcription end

Answer 19

Terminator site

Question 20

Central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 20

DNA – transcription — RNA– Translation — Protein —– Gene Expressed