Cellular Transport Flashcards

1
Q

What property allows the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis?

A

Selective permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of cellular transports?

A

Passive transport ( cell does not use energy )

Active transport ( cell uses energy )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three characteristics of passive transport ?

A
  • molecules move randomly
  • molecules are from an area of HIGH concentration to ana area o LOW concentration
  • the cell spends NO ENERGY for the particles to move
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three types of passive transport ?

A

1) simple diffusion
2) facilitated diffusion
3) osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is diffusion?

A
  • random movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
  • diffuasion continues until equilibrium is reached which is how cells maintain homeostasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

-Random movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
-diffusiom continues until equilibrium is reached

Ex: gases, small particles

A

Simple diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What three factors affect the rate of diffusion ?

A
  • size of particles ( permeability )( smaller - faster / bigger / slower)
  • concentration of particles
  • temperature
    ( Hot- faster / cold - slower )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • diffusion of larger molecules through transport proteins found in the membrane
  • transports proteins can be protein carriers or channels
  • transport proteins are specific-they select only certain molecules to cross the membrane
    ex: glucose, charged ions
A

Facilitated Diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 kinds of transport proteins?

A

channel and carrier proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

osmosis is the diffusion of ___ through a selectively premeable membrane

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

water moves from ___ water concentration area, to ___ water concentration area

A

high / low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a solute is

A

substance that dissolves in a solvent to make a solution
ex: salt, and coco powder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a solvent is

A

substance in which a solute is dissolved
ex: water and milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

solute + solvent =

A

solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hypotonic solution is

A

the solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside the cell ( low solute ; high water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the result of hypotonic solution?

A

water moves from the solution, to inside the cell: cell swells and bursts

17
Q

water moves from the solution, to inside the cell: cell swells and bursts

18
Q

what solution adds water to the cell?

A

hypotonic solution

19
Q

what prevents plant cells from bursting ?

A

the cell wall

20
Q

What is hypertonic solution?

A

this solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell (high solute; low water)

21
Q

what is the result of hypertonic solution?

A

water moves from inside the cell, to the solution :cell shrinks

22
Q

water moves from inside the cell, to the solution :cell shrinks

A

plasmolysis

23
Q

what solution takes out water from the cell?

A

hypertonic solution

24
Q

What is isotonic solution?

A

when the concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell

25
What is the result of isotonic solution ?
WATER MOVES EQUALLY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS AND THE CELL REMAINS THE SAME SIZE
26
WATER MOVES EQUALLY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS AND THE CELL REMAINS THE SAME SIZE
dynamic equilibrium
27
What are 3 characteristics of active transports
1) cell uses energy( ATP) 2) activity moves molecules to where they are needed 3) movement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
28
What are the three kinds of active transport ?
Protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis
29
- transports proteins that requires energy to work Ex: sodium/ potassium pumps are important on nerve responses
Proteins pumps
30
Taking bulky materials into a cell - uses energy -cell membrane folds around food particle pulling it into the cell ( cell eating ) - forms food vacuoles and digests food - this is how white blood cells eat bacteria !
Endocytosis( enter )
31
Phagocytosis
Eats solids / particles
32
Pinocytosis
Eats liquid
33
- forces material out of cell in bulk ( a lot at once ) - membrane surrounding the materials fuses with cell membrane - cell changes shape - requires energy - this is how hormones ,are released from cells
Exocytosis ( exit )