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Biology Honors > Cellular Transport > Flashcards

Cellular Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

What property allows the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis?

A

Selective permeability

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2
Q

What are the two types of cellular transports?

A

Passive transport ( cell does not use energy )

Active transport ( cell uses energy )

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3
Q

What are the three characteristics of passive transport ?

A
  • molecules move randomly
  • molecules are from an area of HIGH concentration to ana area o LOW concentration
  • the cell spends NO ENERGY for the particles to move
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4
Q

What are the three types of passive transport ?

A

1) simple diffusion
2) facilitated diffusion
3) osmosis

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5
Q

What is diffusion?

A
  • random movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
  • diffuasion continues until equilibrium is reached which is how cells maintain homeostasis
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6
Q

-Random movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
-diffusiom continues until equilibrium is reached

Ex: gases, small particles

A

Simple diffusion

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7
Q

What three factors affect the rate of diffusion ?

A
  • size of particles ( permeability )( smaller - faster / bigger / slower)
  • concentration of particles
  • temperature
    ( Hot- faster / cold - slower )
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8
Q
  • diffusion of larger molecules through transport proteins found in the membrane
  • transports proteins can be protein carriers or channels
  • transport proteins are specific-they select only certain molecules to cross the membrane
    ex: glucose, charged ions
A

Facilitated Diffusion

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9
Q

What are the 2 kinds of transport proteins?

A

channel and carrier proteins

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10
Q

osmosis is the diffusion of ___ through a selectively premeable membrane

A

water

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11
Q

water moves from ___ water concentration area, to ___ water concentration area

A

high / low

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12
Q

a solute is

A

substance that dissolves in a solvent to make a solution
ex: salt, and coco powder

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13
Q

a solvent is

A

substance in which a solute is dissolved
ex: water and milk

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14
Q

solute + solvent =

A

solution

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15
Q

Hypotonic solution is

A

the solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside the cell ( low solute ; high water)

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16
Q

What is the result of hypotonic solution?

A

water moves from the solution, to inside the cell: cell swells and bursts

17
Q

water moves from the solution, to inside the cell: cell swells and bursts

A

cytolysis

18
Q

what solution adds water to the cell?

A

hypotonic solution

19
Q

what prevents plant cells from bursting ?

A

the cell wall

20
Q

What is hypertonic solution?

A

this solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell (high solute; low water)

21
Q

what is the result of hypertonic solution?

A

water moves from inside the cell, to the solution :cell shrinks

22
Q

water moves from inside the cell, to the solution :cell shrinks

A

plasmolysis

23
Q

what solution takes out water from the cell?

A

hypertonic solution

24
Q

What is isotonic solution?

A

when the concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell

25
Q

What is the result of isotonic solution ?

A

WATER MOVES EQUALLY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS AND THE CELL REMAINS THE SAME SIZE

26
Q

WATER MOVES EQUALLY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS AND THE CELL REMAINS THE SAME SIZE

A

dynamic equilibrium

27
Q

What are 3 characteristics of active transports

A

1) cell uses energy( ATP)
2) activity moves molecules to where they are needed
3) movement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

28
Q

What are the three kinds of active transport ?

A

Protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis

29
Q
  • transports proteins that requires energy to work
    Ex: sodium/ potassium pumps are important on nerve responses
A

Proteins pumps

30
Q

Taking bulky materials into a cell
- uses energy
-cell membrane folds around food particle pulling it into the cell ( cell eating )
- forms food vacuoles and digests food
- this is how white blood cells eat bacteria !

A

Endocytosis( enter )

31
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Eats solids / particles

32
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Eats liquid

33
Q
  • forces material out of cell in bulk ( a lot at once )
  • membrane surrounding the materials fuses with cell membrane
  • cell changes shape - requires energy
  • this is how hormones ,are released from cells
A

Exocytosis ( exit )

Biology Honors (46 decks)

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