Medel and Heredily Flashcards
Who was considered the pioneer /father of genetics
Gregor Mendel
Mendel studied how many traits of pea pod
7 traits
P generations
Mendel crossed purebred plants with each other
F1 generation
Mendel observer that all of the offspring were purple flowers and that none were white
F2 generation
Mendel the crossed 2 of the F1 offspring. These offsprings are known as the F2 generation.
Mendel’s Hypothesis
1) organisms have 2 factors that describe each trait
2) Inherit one allele front ather and other mother
Alleles
Different forms of the same gene for a specific trait
Dominant
Trait that is expressed in the offspring .
Recessive
Trait is only exhibit if dominant trait is absent
Phenotype
What the organism looks like (physical appearance )
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism ( we cannot see this )
What are the two forms of genotypes
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Both identical alleles are either dominant or recessive
Heterozygous
Different alleles dominant and one recessive
Some alleles are dominant ( trait is expressed in the offspring ) and other alleles are recessive (trait is only exhibit if dominant is absent )
Mendel’s Law of Dominance
Alleles for a trait will separate when the sex cells (gametes ) are former during meiosis
Law or Segregation
Genes for different trait are inherited independently from each other . Mendel discovered this through his experiments with hybrid cross (2 parents with 2 different traits )
Law of Independent Assortment
Internal
Age, gender ( hormonal differences )
External
Temperature, nutrition, light, radiation, chemicals, viruses
What are punnet squares used for ?
To predict and compare possible genetic variations resulting from a Cross
Orginal parent
P1 generation
Offspring of the parent plants
F1 generation
Offspring of the F1 generation
F2 generation
Incomplete dominance
Both alleles are partially shown by blending
