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Sonographic Topics > Prezzi GYN review > Flashcards

Prezzi GYN review Flashcards

1
Q

lab value that should be evaluated in cases of suspected ectopic pregnancy

A

hematocrit

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2
Q

patients suffering from hemorrhage as a result of an ectopic pregnancy or pelvic trauma will have an abnormally low _____ level

A

hematocrit

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3
Q

elevated white blood cell count

A

leukocytosis

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4
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease is associated with ______ white blood cell count

A

elevated

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5
Q

A decrease in hematocrit indicates _____

A

bleeding

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6
Q

Normal body temperature

A

98.6 oral

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7
Q

Normal adult pulse

A

60-100 bpm

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8
Q

normal adult blood pressure

A

120/80

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9
Q

normal adult respiration

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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10
Q

without echoes

A

anechoic

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11
Q

having both cystic and solid components

A

complex

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12
Q

structure that produces echoes

A

echogenic

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13
Q

of differing composition

A

heterogenous

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14
Q

of uniform composition

A

homogenous

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15
Q

having many echoes

A

hyperechoic

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16
Q

having few echoes

A

hypoechoic

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17
Q

having same echogenicity

A

isoechoic

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18
Q

The bony pelvis consists of the ____, ____, and _____ bones

A

sacrum
coccyx
innominate

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19
Q

The posterior border of the pelvic cavity is marked by the _____ and _____

A

sacrum
coccyx

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20
Q

The pelvis is divided into ____ and ____

A

true pelvis
false pelvis

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21
Q

The true pelvis is also known as the ______

A

lesser pelvis

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22
Q

The false pelvis is also known as the _____

A

greater pelvis

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23
Q

The true pelvis and false pelvis are divided by an imaginary line called the ______

A

linea terminalis

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24
Q

The _____ pelvis is located more superiorly than the ____ pelvis

A

false
true

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25
Q

The true pelvis contains:

A

urinary bladder
small bowel
sigmoid colon
rectum
ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus

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26
Q

The innominate bones consist of:

A

ilium
ischium
pubic symphysis

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27
Q

The boundaries of the female pelvis are considered to be from the ______ to a group of muscles known as the ______.

A

iliac crest
pelvic diaphragm

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28
Q

The nongravid uterues lies within the midline, posterior to the ______ and anterior to the _____.

A

urinary bladder
rectum

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29
Q

The vagina extends inferiorly from the external os of the _____ to the external ______, where it is positioned posterior to the _____.

A

cervix
genitalia
urethra

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30
Q

The ______ and _____ are considered bilateral adnexal structures.

A

fallopian tubes
ovaries

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31
Q

Pelvic muscles visualized on sonogram

A

rectus abdominus muscles
iliopsoas muscles
obterator internus muscles
piriformis muscles
pelvic diaphragm

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32
Q

The pelvic diaphragm is composed of the ______ muscles and ______ muscles

A

levator ani
coccygeus

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33
Q

The _______ muscles provide support to the pelvic organs.

A

pelvic diaphragm

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34
Q

A weakening in the _______ muscles could result in prolapse of the pelvic organs.

A

levator ani

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35
Q

hypoechoic structures with varying degrees of hyperechoic, striated muscle fibers noted in transverse and sagittal planes

A

muscles

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36
Q

Segments of both the large and small bowels are located within the pelvis. These include:

A

ilium
cecum
descending and ascending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum

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37
Q

The pelvic ligaments provide support to the _____, _____, and _______.

A

ovaries
uterus
fallopian tubes

38
Q

The _______ house the vasculature of the uterus.

A

cardinal ligaments

39
Q

The ____ ligaments and ______ ligament of the ovary are actually double folds of peritoneum.

A

broad
suspensory

40
Q

The suspensory ligament of the ovary contains:

A

ovarian artery
ovarian vein
lymphatics
ovarian nerves

41
Q

may be visualized when surrounded by free fluid as echogenic structures extending from lateral borders of the the uterus bilaterally

A

broad ligaments

42
Q

Pelvic ascites and free fluid may accumulate within _____ or _____ within the female pelvis.

A

potential spaces
recesses

43
Q

The ______, or ________, is located anterior to the uterus and posterior to the urinary bladder.

A

vesiocouterine
anterior cul-de-sac

44
Q

The ______ is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity, making it the most likely place for fluid to collect in the pelvis.

A

rectouterine pouch

45
Q

Between the anterior wall of the urinary bladder and the symphysis pubis lies the _______, or ______ are area that contains extraperitoneal fat.

A

space of Retzius
retropubic space

46
Q

The ______, located between the rectum and the uterus, may also be referred to as the ______, posterior cul-de-sac, or _____.

A

rectouterine pouch
rectovaginal pouch
pouch of Douglas

47
Q

The abdominal aorta branches into paired ______, typically near the umbilicus.

A

common iliac arteries

48
Q

branches of internal iliac arteries

A

right and left uterine arteries

49
Q

supply blood to uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

A

uterine arteries

50
Q

The uterine arteries coarse along the lateral aspect of the uterus within folds of the _______

A

broad ligaments

51
Q

Doppler investigation of the uterine artery resistive index during the _______ of the menstrual cycle is higher compared to just before ovulation and into the ______

A

proliferative phase
secretory phase

52
Q

Branches of the uterine artery include the ______ which may be visualized with Doppler interrogation along the lateral aspect of the myometrium

A

arcuate arteries

53
Q

The arcuate vessels progress further within the uterus and eventually become the _____, which supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium

A

radial arteries

54
Q

The radial arteries divided into the _____ and _____

A

straight arteries
spiral arteries

55
Q

The _______ are tiny coiled vessels that supply blood to the functional or decidual layer of the endometrium

A

spiral arteries

56
Q

The _______ originate from the lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta

A

ovarian arteries

57
Q

The ovaries have what kind of blood supply?

A

dual

58
Q

Each ovary receives its nourishment from an _____ and a branch of the _____

A

ovarian artery
uterine artery

59
Q

The common iliac arteries divide into:

A

internal and external iliac arteries

60
Q

All venous structures of the female pelvis mirror their arterial counterparts with the exception of the:

A

left ovarian vein

61
Q

Instead of returning blood to the IVC, the left ovarian vein drains directly into the _____

A

left renal vein

62
Q

The common iliac veins unite at almost the same level as the common iliac artery bifurcation to help form the:

A

IVC

63
Q

The _____ is situated along the sides and cornua of the uterus

A

uterine plexus

64
Q

formed by the untion of the external and internal iliac veins

A

common iliac veins

65
Q

The ____ common iliac vein is shorter and more vertical than the ____ common iliac vein.

A

right
left

66
Q

Genetic gender is determined at:

A

fertilization or conception

67
Q

The uterus, vagina, and fallopian tubes develop from:

A

the paired Mullerian ducts

68
Q

Incomplete fusion, partial fusion, or agenesis of the Mullerian ducts will result in an anatomic variant of the:

A

uterus, cervix, and/or vagina

69
Q

Gender is not typically apparent until about the ___ week of embryonic life

A

12

70
Q

The ____ and ____ typically develop at essentially the same time.

A

uterus
kidneys

71
Q

pear shaped sac

A

uterus

72
Q

The uterus is a ____ peritonal organ

A

retro

73
Q

The uterus lies anterior to the ____ and posterior to the _____

A

rectum
urinary bladder

74
Q

The uterus is bounded laterally by the _____

A

broad ligaments

75
Q

Primary function of the uterus

A

to provide a place for products of conception to implant and develop

76
Q

During pregnancy, the isthmus may be referred to as the:

A

lower uterine segment

77
Q

The uterus can be divided into four major divisions:

A

fundus
corpus
isthmus
cervix

78
Q

The ____ is the most superior and widest portion of the uterus

A

fundus

79
Q

Each fallopian tube attaches to the uterus at the level of the uterine horns called the:

A

cornua

80
Q

The largest part of the uterus is the:

A

corpus, or body

81
Q

The corpus is located ____ to the fundus.

A

inferior

82
Q

The _____ is the area located between the corpus and the cervix

A

isthmus

83
Q

During pregnancy, the isthmus may be referred to as the:

A

lower uterine segment

84
Q

The _____ is the rigid component of the uterus

A

cervix

85
Q

The cervix is located inferior to the:

A

isthmus

86
Q

the portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina

A

cervix

87
Q

The cervix is marked superiorly by the ______, which is in contact with the isthmus, and inferiorly by the _____ which is in close contact with the vagina

A

internal os
external os

88
Q

The thickness of the _____ layer is typically consistent although minimal changes may occur throughout the menstrual cycle.

A

basal

89
Q

The ______ layer of the endometrium is the component that is shed during menstruation, thus the thickness will vary during the menstrual cycle as a result of hormonal stimulation

A

functional

90
Q

The ______ is also referred to as the uterine cavity

A

endometrial cavity

91
Q

The uterine cavity is located between:

A

the two functional layers of the endometrium

92
Q
A

Sonographic Topics (35 decks)

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