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Sonographic Topics > Chapter 6: The Spleen > Flashcards

Chapter 6: The Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

a small round island of splenic tissue often located near the splenic hilum or near the tail of the pancreas; also referred to as a spelnule, a splenunculus, or a supernumery spleen

A

accessory spleen

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2
Q

a rare malignant tumor of the spleen that is derived from blood vessels

A

angiosarcoma

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3
Q

congenital absence of the spleen

A

asplenia

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4
Q

the gradual fibrosis and dysfunction of the spleen secondary to a disease

A

autosplenectomy

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5
Q

presence of bacteria in the blood

A

bacteremia

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6
Q

an infection on the surface of the heart that can spread to other organs

A

bacterial endocarditis

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7
Q

a growth disorder syndrome synonymous with enlargement of several organs include the skull, tongue, and liver

A

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

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8
Q

non-penetrating injury to the body

A

blunt trauma

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9
Q

having a round inward surface

A

concave

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10
Q

having a rounded exterior surface

A

convex

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11
Q

the splenic process of removing irregular red blood cells from the bloodstream

A

culling

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12
Q

a herpes virus that can lead to infection mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr infection

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13
Q

the process of making red blood cells

A

erythropoeisis

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14
Q

the spleen’s hematopoeitic function which can return in cases of severe anemia

A

extramedullary hematopoesis

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15
Q

small echogenic calcifications that result from inflammation of the tissue in that area

A

granulomas

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16
Q

an inherited disease that disrupts the normal immune system and causes it to malfunction, resulting in immunodeficiency; chronic inflammation can lead to development of granulomas in several organs

A

granulomatous disease

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17
Q

a benign tumor composed of blood vessels

A

hemangioma

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18
Q

a group of inherited syndromes in which the organs of the chest and abdomen are abnormally arranged; often includes either asplenia or polysplenia and many other anomalies

A

heterotaxia syndromes

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19
Q

a disease the results from the inhalation of an airborne fungus that can affect the lungs and may spread to other organs

A

histoplasmosis

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20
Q

carcinoma of the lymphocytes that has a relatively high recovery rate; cancer of the lymphatic system

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

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21
Q

a cyst that results from the parasitic infestation of an organ by a tapeworm

A

hydatid cyst

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22
Q

an overactive spleen; cytopenia caused by splenomegaly

A

hypersplenism

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23
Q

a reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood

A

leukopenia

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24
Q

braking down of a cellular membrane

A

lysis

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25
Q

an infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

A

mononucleosis

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26
Q

carcinoma of the lymphocyte; cancer of the lymphatic system

A

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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27
Q

bone infection caused by fungus or bacteria

A

osteomyelitis

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28
Q

the splenic process of cleaning red blood cells of unwanted material

A

pitting

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29
Q

having many small islands of splenic tissue

A

polysplenia

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30
Q

the elevation of blood pressure within the portal venous system

A

portal hypertension

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31
Q

specialized tissue within the spleen that performs its phagocytic function

A

red pulp

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32
Q

the cells that indicate the presence of Hodgkin lymphoma

A

Reed-Stemberg cells

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33
Q

phagocytic system of the body that helps remove dead and toxic particles from the blood

A

reticuloendothelial system

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34
Q

a systemic disease that results in the development of granulomas throughout the body

A

sarcoidosis

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35
Q

an inherited disease in which the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells

A

sickle cell anemias

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36
Q

surgical removal of the spleen

A

splenectomy

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37
Q

a congenital anomaly in which the spleen is divided into two portions by a band of tissue

A

splenic cleft

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38
Q

benign splenic mass that has been associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and tuberous sclerosis

A

splenic hamartoma

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39
Q

an area within the spleen that has become necrotic owing to a lack of oxygen

A

splenic infarct

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40
Q

benign tumor composed of lymph spaces

A

splenic lymphangioma

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41
Q

the twisting of the splenic vasculature causing a disruption in blood supply to the spleen and subsequent ischemia

A

splenic torsion

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42
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

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43
Q

the implantation of ectopic splenic tissue possibly secondary to splenic rupture

A

splenosis

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44
Q

an accessory spleen

A

splenule

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45
Q

a systemic disorder that leads to the development of tumors (hamartomas) within various organs

A

tuberous sclerosis

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46
Q

a highly mobile spleen

A

wandering spleen

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47
Q

specialized lymphatic tissue with the spleen

A

white pukp

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48
Q

The spleen is the largest structure of the ________ system.

A

reticuloendothelial

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49
Q

The spleen is a ____ peritoneal organ

A

intra

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50
Q

The spleen is located within the ______ quadrant

A

left upper

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51
Q

The primary function of the spleen is:

A

filter peripheral blood

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52
Q

The ______ ligament attaches the spleen to the stomach

A

gastrosplenic

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53
Q

The spleen is _____ to the diaphragm

A

inferior

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54
Q

The spleen is ______ to the stomach

A

posterolateral

55
Q

The spleen has a _____ inferior surface and _____ superior surface

A

concave
convex

56
Q

Largest lymphatic organ

A

spleen

57
Q

The spleen begins to develop around the ___ week of gestation

A

5

58
Q

The spleen is responsible for ______ in the fetus

A

erythropoeisis

59
Q

The spleen is composed of ___ and ____ pulp

A

red
white

60
Q

white blood cells

A

lymphocytes

61
Q

produces and houses lymphocytes; carries out spleen’s lymphatic function

A

white pulp

62
Q

contains red blood cells and macrophages; performs phagocytic function

A

red pulp

63
Q

_____ engulf and destroy pathogens

A

Phagocytes

64
Q

removal of irregular blood cells from the bloodstream

A

culling

65
Q

clean red blood cells of unwanted material

A

pitting

66
Q

marks superior border of pancreatic body and tail

A

splenic artery

67
Q

The ______ enters the splenic hilum superior and anterior to splenic vein

A

splenic artery

68
Q

The splenic artery has a ____ resistance flow pattern.

A

low

69
Q

Exits spleen and travels along posterior border or pancreatic tail and body

A

splenic vein

70
Q

The splenic vein joins with the _____ posterior to pancreatic neck to form the portal vein

A

superior mesenteric vein

71
Q

located along the medial surface of the spleen

A

splenic hilum

72
Q

also referred to as a splenule, splenunculus, or a supernumerary spleen

A

accessory spleen

73
Q

small round island of splenic tissue

A

accessory spleen

74
Q

Accessory spleens are typically located near the _____ or possibly near the ______

A

splenic hilum
tail of pancreas

75
Q

The spleen may appear to be divided by a hyperechoic line

A

splenic cleft

76
Q

largest structure of the reticuloendothelial system

A

spleen

77
Q

The spleen is an ____peritoneal organ

A

intra

78
Q

The primary function of the spleen

A

filter the peripheral blood

79
Q

The _______ attaches the spleen to the stomach

A

gastrosplenic ligamett

80
Q

The spleen is inferior to the ______

A

diaphragm

81
Q

The spleen is located posterolateral to the ____

A

stomach

82
Q

The spleen has a ____ inferior surface

A

concave

83
Q

The spleen has a _____ superior surface

A

convez

84
Q

The spleen begins to develop around the ___ week of gestation

A

5

85
Q

The spleen is responsible for _______ in the fetus

A

erythropoeisis

86
Q

the spleen is composed of ____ and ____ pilp

A

white
red

87
Q

produces and houses lymphocytes; carries out spleen’s lymphatic function

A

white pulp

88
Q

white blood cells; fight infections and many diseases

A

leukocytes

89
Q

contains red blood cells and macrophages; perform phagocytic function

A

red pulp

90
Q

engulf and destroy pathogens

A

phagocytes

91
Q

removal of irregular blood cells from bloodstream

A

culling

92
Q

clean red blood cells of unwanted material

A

pitting

93
Q

The splenic artery is a branch of the ____

A

celiac trunk

94
Q

The splenic artery marks the superior border of the _____ and _____

A

pancreatic body and tail

95
Q

The splenic artery enters the splenic hilum superior and anterior to the _____

A

splenic vein

96
Q

exits spleen and travels along posterior border of pancreatic tail and bod

A

splenic vein

97
Q

The splenic vein joins with the SMV posterior to pancreatic neck to form the ______

A

portal vien

98
Q

The splenic vein flows _____ the liver

A

toward

99
Q

located along medial surface of spleen; location of splenic vessels

A

splenic hilum

100
Q

also referred to as a splenule, splenunuculus, or a supernumerary spleen

A

accessory spleen

101
Q

small round island of splenic tissue

A

accessory spleen

102
Q

An accessory spleen is typically located near the ______ or possible near ______

A

splenic hilum
tail of pancreas

103
Q

congenital absence of spleen

A

asplenia

104
Q

leads to development of multiple small masses of splenic tissue

A

polysplenia

105
Q

Asplenia and polysplenia are associated with ______ syndromes

A

heterotaxia

106
Q

splenic ligaments absent or underdeveloped

A

wandering spleen

107
Q

body’s normal response to infection or inflammation

A

leukocytosis

108
Q

reduction in number of leukocytes

A

leukopenia

109
Q

most common abnormality of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

110
Q

The spleen should never measure more than ____ in length

A

12-13 cm

111
Q

The spleen should never measure more than ___ in thickness

A

6cm

112
Q

Most common cause of splenomegaly

A

portal hypertension

113
Q

implantation of ectopic splenic tissue; can occur following splenic rupture

A

splenosis

114
Q

epithelial cysts

A

true splenic cysts

115
Q

The _____ cyst is the result of a tapeworm (echinococcus granulosus

A

hydatid cyst

116
Q

may be caused by staphylcoccus aureus, streptococcus, or salmonella

A

splenic abscesses

117
Q

tissue that has been deprived of oxygen and dies

A

splenic infarct

118
Q

acute stage of splenic infarct

A

hypoechoic wedge shaped mass

119
Q

chronic stage of splenic infarct

A

tend to appear to more echogenic than normal tissue

120
Q

A splenic hematoma can be _____ or within _____

A

subcapsular
parenchyma

121
Q

hyperechoic line within spleen immediately folowing trauma

A

laceration

122
Q

most common benign tumor of the spleen

A

hemangioma

123
Q

well-defined hyperechoic mass

A

splenic hemangioma

124
Q

small echogenic foci, individual or multiple, produce acoustic shadows,

A

granulamatous disease

125
Q

benign hypoechic mass; associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, tuberous sclerosis

A

splenic hamaroma

126
Q

primary malignant tumor the spleen

A

angiosarcoma

127
Q

most common malignany of the spleen

A

lymphoma

128
Q

Hodkin lymphoma can be suspected with the presence of:

A

Reed-sternberg cells

129
Q

benign lesion that is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system

A

splenic lymphangioma

130
Q

multi cysts masses that contain hypoechoic or anechoic locules and hyperechoic septations

A

splenic lymphangioma

131
Q

group of inherited blood disorder that affects hemoglobin

A

sickle cell anemia

132
Q

abnormal crescent-shaped red blood cells that tend to attach to each other and obstruct normal vascular channels

A

sickle cell anemia

133
Q
A

Sonographic Topics (35 decks)

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