Chapter 23: The First Trimester Flashcards
What is the outer membrane of the gestation?
chorionic space
What membrane in the early gestation is located across from the decidual basalis?
decidua capsularis
What structure connects the embryo to the yolk sac?
vitelline duct
What is the name of the dominant follicle before ovulation?
Graafian
Fertilization typically occurs within ____ after ovulation
24
The most common site of fertilization is within the:
ampulla of the uterine tube
With a normal pregnancy, the first structure noted within the decidualized endometrium is the:
chorionic sac
The structure created by the union of the sperm and egg is the:
zygote
The trophoblastic cells produce:
hCG
Sonographically, a normal-appearing 7 week IUP is identified. Within the adnexa, an ovarian cystic structure with a thick, hyperechoic rim is also discovered. What does this ovarian mass most likely represent?
corpus luteum cyst
What is the stage of the conceptus that implants within the decidualized endometrium?
Blastocyst
Another name for the chorionic sac is the:
gestational sac
What is often used to medically treat an ectopic pregnancy?
methotrexate
What structure lies within the extraembryonic coelom?
yolk sac
What hormone, produced by the corpus luteum, maintains the thickened endometrium?
progesterone
What is the most common form of GTD?
complete molar pregnancy
In the first trimester, normal hCG levels will:
double every 48 hours
Compared with a normal IUP, the ectopic pregnancy will have a:
low hCG
Which of the following locations for an ectopic pregnancy would be least likely?
a. isthmus of the tube
b. ampulla of the tube
c. ovary
d. interstitial of the tube
c
The first sonographically identifiable sign of pregnancy is the:
decidual reaction
The first structure noted within the gestational sac is the:
yolk sac
NT measurements are typically obtained between:
11 and 14 weeks
The normal gestational sac will grow:
1 mm per day
During a first-trimester sonogram, you note a round cystic structure within the fetal head. This most likely represents the:
rhombencephalon
The migration of the embryologic bowel into the base of the umbilical cord at 9 weeks is referred to as:
physiologic bowel herniation
During a 12 week sonogram, bilateral echogenic structures are noted within the lateral ventricles of the fetal cranium. These structures most likely represent:
choroid plexuses
The most common pelvic mass associated with pregnancy is the:
corpus luteum cyst
All of the following are associated with an abnormal NT except:
a. trisomy 21
b. Dandy-Walker malformation
c. trisomy 18
d. Turner syndrome
b
What hormone maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy?
hCG
The most common cause of pelvic pain with pregnancy is:
ectopic pregnancy
The most common location of an ectopic pregnancy is the:
ampullary portion of the uterine tube
All of the following are contributing factors for an ectopic pregnancy except:
a. pelvic inflammatory disease
b. assisted reproductive therapy
c. IUCD
d. advanced paternal age
d
All of the following are clinical features of an ectopic pregnancy except:
a. pain
b. vaginal bleeding
c. shoulder pain
d. adnexal ring
d
In the early gestation, where is the secondary yolk sac located?
chorionic cavity
All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with ectopic pregnancy except:
a. decidual thickening
b. complex free fluid within the pelvis
c. bilateral, multiloculated ovarian cysts
d. complex adnexal mass separate from the ipsilateral ovary
c
All of the following are consistent with a complete hydatidform mole except:
a. heterogeneous mass within the endometrium
b. bilateral theca lutein cysts
c. hyperemesis gravidardum
d. low hCG
d
A malignant form of GTD is:
choriocarcinoma
A sonographic examination was performed on a pregnant patient who complained of vaginal bleeding. Sonographically, a crescent-shaped anechoic area was noted adjacent to the gestational sac. The gestational sac contained a 6 week single live IUP. What is the most likely diagnosis?
subchorionic hemorrhage
All of the following would be associated with a lower-than-normal hCG level except:
a. ectopic pregnancy
b. molar pregnancy
c. blighted ovum
d. spontaneous abortion
b
All of the following are clinical findings consistent with a complete molar pregnancy except:
a. vaginal bleeding
b. hypertension
c. uterine enlargement
d. small for dates
d
Which of the following is the most likely metastatic location for GTD?
a. rectum
b. pancreas
c. spleen
d. lungs
d
All of the following may be sonographic findings in the presence of an ectopic pregnancy except:
a. pseudogestational sac
b. corpus luteum cyst
c. adnexal ring
d. low beta-hCG
d
