Chapter 19: The Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What hormone is produced by the theca internal cells of the ovary?

A

estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What ovarian phase would the endometrium measure between 4 and 8 mm

A

follicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is not a typical cause of AUB?
a. endometrial polyp
b. adenomyosis
c. endometrial hyperplasia
d. ovarian cystic teratoma

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the term given to a condition that is the result of medical treatment?

A

iatrogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An individual who does not experience menarche before the age of 16 is said to be suffering from:

A

primary amennorhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Monthly symptom of menstruation without bleeding is termed:

A

cryptomennorhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following stimulates the contractile motion within the uterine myometrium?
a. LH
b. Progesterone
c. FSH
d. Estrogen

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

You are performing a sonogram on a patient with an unknown last menstrual period. Sonographically, you note a thick, echgenic endometrium, and a complex mostly cystic mass on the right ovary. You also note a small amount of posterior cul-de-sac fluid. For this patient, which of the following would be most true?
a. she is at midcycle
b. she is in the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle
c. she is in the proliferative phase of the ovarian cycle
d. she is in the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mittelschmerz is described as:

A

pain at the time of ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What temporary structure develops before the corpus luteum?

A

corpus hemorrhagicum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What phase occurs on day 3 of the menstrual cycle?

A

early proliferative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What hormone maintains the thickness of the endometrium after ovulation?

A

progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which layer of the endometrium appears hyperechoic during the periovulatory phase>

A

basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ovulation typically occurs on day ___ of the menstrual cycle.

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structure may be noted on the ovary just before ovulation?

A

Graafian follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

FSH is produced by the:

A

anterior pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When the ovary is in the luteal phase, the endometrium is in the:

A

secretory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A change in menstrual bleeding associated with lesions within the uterus relates to:

A

AUB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Painful and difficult menstruation is termed:

A

dysmennorhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The temporary endocrine gland that results from the rupture of the Graafian follicle is the:

A

corpus luteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy?

A

hcGt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the typical sonographic appearance of the endometrium during the secretory phase?

A

hyperechoic and thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

An increase in the number of endometrial cells is termed:

A

endometrial hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which of the following is said to be a common cause of DUB?

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When the sonographic three-line sign in present, the functional layer of the endometrium typically appears:
hypoechoic
26
The structure noted within the Graafian follicle containing the developing ovum is the:
cumulous oophorus
27
Which of the following would not be a cause of AUB? a. endometrial hyperplasia b. hypothyroidism c. adenomyosis d. ovarian torsion
d
28
Which structure remains after the corpus luteum has regressed?
corpus albicans
29
The hormone of the pituitary gland that stimulates follicular development of the ovary is:
FSH
30
What structure produces hormones that directly act upon the endometrium to produce varying thicknesses and sonographic appearances?
ovary
31
The first phase of the ovarian cycle is:
follicular phase
32
The hormone produced by the hypothalamus that controls the release of the hormones for menstruation by the anterior pituitary gland is:
GnRh
33
The dominant follicle is also termed the:
Graafian follicle
34
The hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta is:
hCG
35
The hormone that surges at ovulation is:
LH
36
The first phase of the endometrial cycle is the:
proliferative phase
37
What is defined as frequent regular cycles but less than 21 days apart?
polymenorrhea
38
Which hormones released by the ovary during the proliferative phase stimulates endometrial thickening?
estrogen
39
The periovulatory phase may also be referred to as the:
late proliferative phase
40
The corpus luteum primarily releases:
progesterone
41
Which of the following could also be described as intermenstrual bleeding? a. metrorrhagia b. polymennorhea c. menometrorrhagia d. menorrhagia
a
42
ectopic endometrial tissue within the uterus that leads to AUB is termed:
adenomyossi
43
The arteries within the functional layer of the endometrium that are altered by the hormones of the ovary and are shed with menstruation are the:
spiral arteries
44
During which phase of the endometrial cycle would the endometrium yield the three-line sign?
late proliferative
45
The second phase of the endometrial cycle is the:
secretory phase
46
Which of the following hormones is released by the ovary during the second half of the menstrual cycle? a. LH b. FSH c. hCG d. Progesterone
d
47
LH is produced by the:
anterior pituitary gland
48
The average menstrual cycle lasts:
28 days
49
The first menstrual cycle is termed:
menarche
50
The measurement of the endometrium during the early proliferative phase ranges from:
4 to 8 mm
51
The second phase of the ovarian cycle is called the:
luteal phase
52
The two hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland that impact the menstrual cycle are:
LH and FSH
53
a change in menstrual bleeding patterns caused by either endocrine abnormalities or lesions within the uterus
abnormal uterine bleeding
54
the benign invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium of the uterus
adenomyosis
55
absence of ovulation
anovulation
56
the anterior segment of the pituitary gland, which is responsible for releasing follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone during the menstrual cycle
anterior pituitary gland
57
degeneration of a follicle
atresia
58
the stage at which the conceptus implants within the decidualized endometrium
blastocyst
59
blood clotting disorder
coagulopathy
60
the remaining structure of the corpus luteum after its detioration
corpus albicans
61