Chapter 21: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Infertility Flashcards by Billie Harney

What is the term for inflammation of the connective tissue adjacent to the uterus?

Parametritis

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Which of the following is not true concerning PID?
a. PID often results in pelvic adhesions
b. PID often results in dyspareunia
c. PID often results in endometritis
d. PID often results in leukopenia

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Which of the following would be the likely cause of the production of artifactual echoes being produced from the endometrium in a patient with known PID?
a. Dilated blood vessels
b. Pneumouterus
c. Endometriosis
d. Pyosalpinx

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What is inflammation of the ovary?

oophoritis

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Which of the following may require hysteroscopic uterine septoplasty in the case of infertility?
a. endometriosis
b. Asherman syndrome
c. PCOS
d. Septate uterus

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What is the most common location of endometriosis?

ovary

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Which of the following is an endocrinologic ovarian disorder?
a. Asherman syndrome
b. Ovulation induction
c. Endometriosis
d. PCOS

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Which of the following may present like gallbladder disease in the patient suffering from PID?
a. ovarian torsion
b. PCOS
c. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
d. Endometriosis

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The ovarian volume for the diagnosis of PCOS should not exceed:

10mL

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Which of the following would least likely cause the development of intrafallopian tube synechaie?
a. long-standing PID
b. endometriosis
c. tubal surgery
d. sonohysterography

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Which of the following is not a way sonography assists in reproductive technology?
a. provides a definitive diagnosis for infertility
b. provides a way to monitor ovulation
c. provides imaging assistance during follicular aspiration
d. provides imaging assistance during oocyte retrieval

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What blood disorder is associated with OHS?

thromboembolism

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What is inflammation of the muscular part of the uterus?

myometritis

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Which of the following would not appear as a “T” shaped IUD with sonography?
a. Mirena
b. Liletta
c. Lippes loop
d. Kyleena

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What is the radiographic procedure used to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes?

hysterosalpingography

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The sonographic finding of a tubular, simple-appearing, anechoic structure within the adnexa is most consistent with:

hydrosalpinx

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All of the following are considered risk factors for PID except:
a. IUD
b. multiple sexual partners
c. post childbirth
d. uterine leiomyoma

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Which of the following would be the least likely clinical finding for a patient with endometriosis?
a. pelvic pain
b. dysmennorhea
c. painful bowel movements
d. hyperandrogenism

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Which of the following is not a potential cause of PID?
a. intrauterine contraception use
b. postabortion
c. chlamydia
d. pyelonephritis

A patient presents to the sonography department with a fever, chills, and vaginal discharge. Sonographically, what findings would you most likely no encounter?
a. cul-de-sac fluid
b. uterine adhesions
c. dilated uterine tubes
d. ill-defined uterine border

A 26 year old patient presents to the sonography department with a history of infertility and oligomennorhea. Sonographically, you discover that the ovaries are enlarged and contain multiple, small follicles along their periphery, with prominent echogenic stromal elements. What is the most likely diagnosis?

PCOS

The most common clinical presentation of PID is:

vaginitis

Sonographic findings of the endometrium in a patient with a history of PID, fever, and elevated white blood cell count would include all of the following except:
a. ring-down artifact posterior to the endometrium
b. thin, hyperechoic myometrium
c. endometrial fluid
d. thickened, irregular endometrium

What is another name for the endometrioma?

chocolate cyst

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome could be described as: a. clinical findings of gallbladder disease as a result of PID b. the presence of uterine fibroids and adenomyosis in the gravid uterus c. coexisting intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancies d. the presence of pyosalpinx, hydrosalpinx, and endometritis

all of the following statements concerning PID are true except: a. PID is typically a unilateral condition b. PID can be caused by douching c. PID can lead to tubo-ovarian abscess d. dyspareunia is a clinical finding in acute PID

A patient presents to the sonography department with complaints of infertility and painful menstrual cycles. Sonographically you discover a cystic mass on the ovary consisting low-level echoes. Based on the clinical and sonographic findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?

endometrioma

The development of adhesions between the liver and the diaphragm as a result of PID is termed:

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

Assisted reproductive therapy can result in all of the following except: a. heterotopic pregnancy b. multiple gestations c. OHS d. Asherman syndrome

PCOS may also be referred to as:

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

PID can lead to all of the following except: a. infertility b. polycystic ovarian disease c. ectopic pregnancy d. scar formation in the fallopian tubes

What term is used to describe painful intercourse?

dyspareiunia

The presence of functional, ectopic endometrial tissue outside of the uterus is termed:

endometriosis

All of the following are sonographic findings of a tubo-ovarian abscess except: a. the presence of 10 or more small cysts along the periphery of the ovaries b. cul-de-sac fluid c. thickened, irregular endometrium d. fusion of the pelvic organs as a conglomerated mass

A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of chlamydia and suspected PID. Which of the following would be indicative of the typical sonographic findings of PID? a. enlarged cervix, thin endometrium, and theca lutein cysts b. Atrophic uterus, free fluid, and small ovaries c. bilateral, cystic enlargement of the ovaries with no detectable flow d. thickened irregular endometrium, cul-de-sac fluid, and complex adnexal masses

Causes of female infertility include all of the following except: a. previous IUD use b. PCOS c. Asherman syndrome d. endometriosis

Infertility is defined as:

the inability to concieve a child after 1 year of unprotected intercourse

A 25 year old patient presents to the sonography department complaining of pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and oligomennorhea. An ovarian mass, thought to be a chocolate cyst, is noted during the examination. Which of the following is consistent with the sonographic appearance of a chocolate cyst? a. simple-appearing anechoic mass b. echogenic mass with posterior shadowing c. cystic mass with low-level echoes d. anechoic mass with posterior shadowing

Amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity describe the clinical features of:

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

The sonographic evidence of a hyperemic fallopian tube is consistent with:

salpingitis

The sonographic "string of pearls" sign is indicative of:

PCOS

Complex-appearing fluid within the fallopian tubes seen with PID is most likely:

pyosalpinx

Sonographic findings of OHS include all of the following except: a. cystic enlargment of the ovaries b. ascites c. pleural effusions d. oliguria

The development of adhesions within the uterine cavity is termed:

Asherman syndrome