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Sonographic Topics > Chapter 16: Anatomy of the Female Pelvis > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Anatomy of the Female Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

major abdominal artery responsible for supplying the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities with oxygenated blood

A

abdominal aorta

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2
Q

the area located posterior to the broad ligaments, adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes

A

adnexa

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3
Q

peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus; also referred to as the vesicouterine pouch

A

anterior cul-de-sac

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4
Q

peripheral arteries of the uterus that lies at the edge of the myometrium

A

arcuate arteries

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5
Q

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis

A

broad ligament

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6
Q

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of the vagina and houses the uterine vasculature

A

cardinal ligament

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7
Q

pelvis muscle located posteriorly within the pelvis that helps support the sacrum

A

coccygeus

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8
Q

abdominal aortic bifurcation vessels

A

common iliac arteries

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9
Q

external branches of common iliac arteries

A

external iliac arteries

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10
Q

superior portion of the pelvis

A

false pelvis

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11
Q

bilateral muscles located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest

A

iliopsoas muscles

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12
Q

pelvic bones that consist of the ilium, ischium, and pubic symphysis

A

innominate bones

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13
Q

internal branches of the common iliac arteries

A

internal iliac arteries

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14
Q

hammock-shaped pelvic muscle group located between the coccyx and pubis consisting of the iliococcygeus, pubourethralis, pubococcygeus, pubovaginalis, and puborectalis

A

levator ani muscles

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15
Q

the tendonous, fibrous structure that runs along the midline of the abdomen, separating the rectus abdominis muscles

A

linea alba

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16
Q

imaginary line that separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis

A

linea terminalis

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17
Q

paired pelvic muscles located lateral to the ovaries

A

obterator internus muscles

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18
Q

pelvic ligaments that provide support to the ovary extending from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

A

ovarian ligaments

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19
Q

group of pelvic muscles consisting of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles that provide support to the pelvic organs

A

pelvic diaphragm

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20
Q

paired pelvic muscles located posteriorly that extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter

A

piriformis muscles

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21
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

pouch of Douglas or posterior cul-de-sac

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22
Q

a condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina

A

prolapse

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23
Q

arteries that supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium

A

radial arteries

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24
Q

peritoneal outpouching located between the uterus and the rectum

A

rectouterine pouch

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25
Q

paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bone; separated by the linea alba

A

rectus abdominis muscles

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26
Q

extraperitoneal space located between the bladder and the symphysis pubis that contains fat

A

space of Retzius

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27
Q

tiny, coiled arteries that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium

A

spiral arteries

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28
Q

uterine radial artery branch that supplies blood to the basal layer of the endometrium

A

straight arteries

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29
Q

pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovaries to the pelvic side walls

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

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30
Q

inferior portion of the pelvis that contains the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, and rectum

A

true pelvis

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31
Q

branches of the internal iliac artery that supplies blood to the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes

A

uterine arteries

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32
Q

peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus, also referred to as the anterior cul-de-sac

A

vesicouterine pouch

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33
Q

anterior to the pelvis

A

rectus abdominis muscles

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34
Q

lateral and anterior to the iliac crest

A

iliopsoas muscles

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35
Q

muscle lateral to ovaries

A

obterator internus

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36
Q

muscles posterior to pelvis

A

piriformis muscles

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37
Q

inferior near the vagina in transverse

A

pelvic diaphgram

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38
Q

the pelvic diaphragm consists of:

A

levator ani muscles and coccygeus muscles

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39
Q

contains uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovarian vessels

A

broad ligaments

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40
Q

extend from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis

A

broad ligaments

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41
Q

extend from uterine cornua to labia majora between the folds of the broad ligaments

A

round ligaments

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42
Q

Support the uterus

A

round ligaments

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43
Q

support the ovaries and fallopian tubes

A

suspensory ligament of the ovaries

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44
Q

extend from ovaries to the pelvic side walls

A

suspensory ligament of the ovaries

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45
Q

support the ovaries

A

ovarian ligaments

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46
Q

extend from ovary to lateral surface of the uterus

A

ovarian ligaments

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47
Q

support the cervix

A

cardinal ligaments

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48
Q

extend from lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of the vagina

A

cardinal ligaments

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49
Q

support the uterus

A

uterosacral ligaments

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50
Q

extend from uterus to sacrum

A

uterosacral ligaments

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51
Q

The bony pelvis consists of:

A

sacrum
coccyx
innominate bones

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52
Q

Mark the posterior border of the pelvic cavity

A

sacrum
coccyx

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53
Q

The innominate bones are:

A

ilium
ischium
pubic symphysis

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54
Q

boundaries of the female pelvis

A

iliac crest to pelvic diaphragm

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55
Q

The true pelvis is also known as the:

A

lesser pelvis

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56
Q

The false pelvis is also known as the:

A

greater pelvis

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57
Q

The true and false pelvis are separated by”

A

linea terminalis

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58
Q

The false pelvis is located more _____ than the true pelvis

A

superiorly

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59
Q

The true pelvis contain:

A

urinary bladder
small bowel
sigmoid colon
rectum
ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus

60
Q

The nongravid uterus is located posterior to the _____

A

urinary bladder

61
Q

The nongravid uterus is located anterior to the ____

A

rectum

62
Q

extends inferiorly from external os of cervix to external genitalia

A

vagina

63
Q

The vagina is posterior to the ____

A

urethra

64
Q

Pelvic muscles visualized:

A

rectus abdominis
iliopsoas
obturator internus
piriformis
pelvic diaphragm

65
Q

The pelvic diaphragm contains:

A

levator ani
coccygeus

66
Q

Weaking in the _____ muscles could result in prolapse of the pelvic organs

A

levator ani

67
Q

The suspensory ligament contains:

A

ovarian artery
ovarian vein
lymphatics
ovarian nerves

68
Q

house the vasculature of the uterus

A

cardinal ligaments

69
Q

echogenic structures extending from the lateral borders of uterus bilaterally

A

broad ligaments

70
Q

The vesicouterine pouch is also known as:

A

anterior cul-de-sac

71
Q

The vesicouterine pouch is located ____ to the uterus

A

anterior

72
Q

The vesicouterine pouch is located ____ to the urinary bladder

A

posterior

73
Q

located between the rectum and uterus

A

rectouterine pouch

74
Q

may also be referred to as the rectovaginal pouch, posterior cul-de-sac, pouch of Douglas

A

rectouterine pouch

75
Q

most dependent part of peritoneal cavity

A

rectouterine pouch

76
Q

most likely place for fluid to collect in the pelvis

A

rectouterine pouch

77
Q

between anterior wall of the urinary bladder and the symphysis pubis

A

space of Retzius

78
Q

also referred to as the retropubic space

A

space of Retzius

79
Q

supplies blood to the female genitalia

A

abdominal aorta

80
Q

branches of internal iliac arteries

A

uterine arteries

81
Q

supply blood to uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

A

uterine arteries

82
Q

course along lateral aspect of uterus within folds of broad ligaments

A

uterine arteries

83
Q

The arcuate arteries eventually become the ____ arteries

A

radial

84
Q

The radial arteries divide into ___ and ___ arteries

A

straight
spiral

85
Q

supply blood to deeper layers of myometrium

A

radial arteries

86
Q

tiny, coiled vessels that supply blood to functional or decidual layer of endometrium

A

spiral arteries

87
Q

originate from lateral aspect of abdominal aorta

A

ovarian arteries

88
Q

The ovaries have a dual blood supply from ____ and ____ arteries

A

ovarian
uterine

89
Q

The left ovarian vein drains into _____

A

left renal vein

90
Q

The right ovarian vein drains into:

A

IVC

91
Q

Which of the following is not part of the colon that is located with the female pelvis?
a. ascending
b. descending
c. sigmoid
d. transverse

A

d

92
Q

Which of the following is a pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of the vagina?
a. common iliac ligament
b. cardinal ligament
c. iliopsoas ligament
d. broad ligament

A

b

93
Q

The uterine vasculature is located within the:

A

cardinal ligaments

94
Q

What is another name for the true pelvis?

A

lesser pelvis

95
Q

Which of the following muscles is located posteriorly within the pelvis and helps support the sacrum?
a. iliopsoas
b. coccygeus
c. obturator internus
d. piriformis

A

b

96
Q

Which of the following is not supported by the broad ligament?
a. pelvic diaphragm
b. uterus
c. uterine tubes
d. ovaries

A

a

97
Q

Which of the following is not a levator ani muscle?
a. pubourethralis
b. pubovaginalis
c. puboileacus
d. iliococcygeus

A

c

98
Q

What artery directly supplies blood to the basal layer of the endometrium?

A

straightW

99
Q

Which of the following is not true of the uterine plexus?
a. they are tortuous like the arteries
b. they supply blood to the uterine tubes
c. they anastamose with each other and the ovarian vein
d. they are located along the sides of the cervix and the cornua

A

b

100
Q

What is the fibrous structure located along the midline of the abdomen that separates the rectus abdominis muscles?

A

linea alba

101
Q

What is the relationship of the lesser pelvis to the greater pelvis?

A

it is located more inferiorly

102
Q

What part of the cervix is closest to the vagina?

A

external os

103
Q

What midline anterior pelvic structure may produce an acoustic shadow when scanning the female pelvis?

A

pubic symphysis

104
Q

The common iliac veins combine to create the:

A

inferior vena cava

105
Q

You are performing a female pelvic sonogram and identify a solid mass adjacent to the right ovary, just right lateral to the uterus. What is the most likely location of this mass?

A

within the right adnexa

106
Q

What structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum?

A

uterus

107
Q

Fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the:

A

pouch of Douglas

108
Q

Both the straight spiral arteries are branches of the:

A

radial artery

109
Q

The left ovarian vein drains directly into:

A

left renal vein

110
Q

Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will produce:

A

acoustic shadowing

111
Q

The uterine arteries supply blood to all of the following except:
a. fallopian tubes
b. rectum
c. ovaries
d. uterues

A

b

112
Q

The anterior cul-de-sac is also referred to as the:

A

vesicouterine pouch

113
Q

What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity?

A

pouch of Douglas

114
Q

The right ovarian vein drains directly into the:

A

inferior vena cava

115
Q

The innominate bones of the pelvis consist of the:

A

ishium
ilium
pubic bones

116
Q

What other term is used to describe the space of Retzius?

A

Retropubic space

117
Q

The true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the:

A

linea terminalis

118
Q

The vagina is located _____ to the uterus.

A

inferior

119
Q

The muscles that may be confused with the ovaries on a pelvic sonogram include the:

A

piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

120
Q

Which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium?

A

radial arteries

121
Q

Pelvis muscles appear:

A

hypoechoic

122
Q

The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the:

A

common iliac arteries

123
Q

Which of the following are the paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bones?
a. iliopsoas muscles
b. rectus abdominis muscles
c. obturator internus muscles
d. .piriformis muscles

A

b

124
Q

Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the:

A

adnexa

125
Q

The paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the:

A

iliopsoas muscles

126
Q

Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely by located within the:

A

vesicouterine pouch

127
Q

The bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the:

A

piriformis muscles

128
Q

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the:

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

129
Q

The pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the:

A

levator ani muscles

130
Q

The sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. In the transverse plane, you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of the uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. These structures are most likely the:

A

broad ligaments

131
Q

The space of Retzius is located:

A

between the bladder and the pubic bone

132
Q

The right ovarian artery branches off of the:

A

aorta

133
Q

The muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the:

A

obturator internus muscle

134
Q

The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the:

A

spiral arteries

135
Q

Another name for the rectouterine pouch is the:

A

pouch of Douglas

136
Q

A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of uterine prolapse. Which of the following best describes this disorder?
a. A condition that results from the weaking of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina
b. A congenital anomaly that results in the duplication of the uterus
c. A condition that results in the abnormal invasion of the myometrium through the bladder wall, leading to hematuria
d. An abnormality that describes the inversion of the myometrium and endometrium

A

a

137
Q

The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is:

A

broad ligament

138
Q

The uterine artery branches off of the:

A

internal iliac artery

139
Q

The peripheral arteries of the uterus are the:

A

arcuate arteries

140
Q

The urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the:

A

true pelvis

141
Q

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is:

A

ovarian ligament

142
Q

The surface of the pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will appear:

A

hyperechoic

143
Q

Which vessel is the longest?
a. left ovarian vein
b. left ovarian artery
c. right ovarian vein
d. right ovarian artery

A

a

144
Q

The ovary is supplied blood by the:

A

ovarian and uterine artery

145
Q

Prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the:

A

levator ani and coccygeus muscles

146
Q
A

Sonographic Topics (35 decks)

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