Chapter 24: The Fetal Head and Brain Flashcards
Which of the following is not apart of Apert syndrome?
a. craniosynosistosis
b. aqueductal stenosis
c. midline facial hypoplasia
d. Syndactyly
b
What part of the lateral ventricle is routinely measured within the fetal cranium?
atrium
Which of the following is thought to be caused by bilateral occlusion of the fetal internal carotid arteries?
a. hydrocephalus
b. holoprosencephaly
c. DWM
d. Hydranencephaly
d
With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate?
fourth ventricle
The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increased risk of:
trisomy 18
All of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold-Chiari II malformation except:
a. enlarged massa intermedia
b. hydrocephalus
c. obliteration of the cisterna magna
d. strawberry sign
d
Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline?
a. interhemispheric fissures
b. third and fourth ventricles
c. lateral ventricles
d. third ventricle and cerebral aqueduct
c
Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the corpus callosum?
a. cerebellar vermis
b. CSP
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle
b
The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the:
falx cerebri
The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with:
schizencephaly
The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles is the:
CSP
The “sunburst” of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:
agenesis of the corpus callosum
Enlargement of the occipital horns and narrowing of the frontal horns is termed:
colpocephaly
The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:
third ventricle
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly
a. lobar holoprosencephaly
b. Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome
c. Arnold-Chiara II malformation
d. Apert syndrome
d
The third ventricle is located:
a. anterior to the thalamus
b. anterior to the cerebellar vermis
c. between the two lobes of the thalamus
d. superior to the corpus callosum
c
What chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencephaly?
Trisomy 13
Dangling choroid sign is associated with:
ventriculomegaly
The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:
aqueduct of Sylvius
The fourth ventricle is located:
a. posterior to the CSP
b. between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles
c. anterior to the cerebellar vermis
d. medial to the third ventricle
c
The structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the:
cerebellar vermis
A normal shaped skull is termed:
mesocephaly
What is the most accurate head measurement for estimating gestational age in the second trimester?
HC
The cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane.
10mm
A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with:
trisomy 18
Which of the following would be most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections?
a. intracranial calcifications
b. cerebral atrophy
c. porencephaly
d. scaphocephaly
a
The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres:
corpus callosum
A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to:
thanatophoric dysplasia
A lemon-shaped skull is related to:
Arnold-Chiari II malformation
All of the following are sonographic features alobar holoprosencephaly except:
a. cyclopia
b. monoventricle
c. dorsal cyst
d. fused thalamus
c
What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with?
holoprosencephaly
The absence of the skull is:
acrania
What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead?
metopic suture
The most common cause of hydrocephalus in uterus is:
aqueductal stenosis
The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with the absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with:
hydranencephaly
The lack of sulci within cerebrum is a reliable indicator:
lissencephaly
A cisterna magna that measures 15mm and a normal-appearing cerebellum is most likely
mega cisterna magna
What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis?
DWM
Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain?
a. CSP
b. lobes of the thalamus
c. third ventricle
d. falx cerebri
b
What structures located along the falx cerebri reabsorb CSF into the venous circulation?
arachnoid granulations
Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as:
porencephaly
Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement?
a. Falx cerebri
b. fourth ventricle
c. thalamus
d. CSP
b
