Chapter 22: Obstetric Sonography Overview Flashcards
Which of the following is not a typical indication of a first-trimester sonogram?
a. confirmation of an intrauterine pregnancy
b. diagnosis of fetal gender
c. evaluation of pelvic pain
d. confirmation of fetal heart activity
b
The conceptus is referred to as an embryo until after what week of gestation?
10
Which of the following is produced by the fetus?
a. estriol
b. hCG
c. Inhibin A
d. cfDNA
d
Which of the following would lead to an elevated MSAFP?
a. Down syndrome
b. Trisomy 18
c. Molar pregnancy
d. omphalocele
d
What is the term for something that can cause birth defects or abnormalities within an embryo or fetus, such as alcohol and certain infections?
teratogen
What is another term for the “due” date of a pregnancy?
estimated date of confinement
Which of the following is not part of the biophysical profile?
a. fetal swallowing
b. flexion of the limb
c. amniotic fluid
d. fetal breathing
a
For the normal biophysical profile, the amniotic fluid pocket should measure:
at least 1 cm in two perpendicular planes
What is the term for the fetal presentation that is head down?
cephalic
Fetal presentation is determined by identifying the fetal part that is closest to the:
internal os of the cervix
What is defined as the area located posterior to the broad ligaments and adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes?
adnexa
All of the following may be visualized at the correct level of the head circumference except:
a. third ventricle
b. thalamus
c. cavum septum pellucidum
d. falx cerebelli
d
Typically, with a miscarriage, the serum hCG value will be:
decreased
Typically, with anencephaly, the MSAFP value will be:
elevated
Typically, with gastroschisis, the MSAFP value will be:
elevated
The quadruple screen includes an analysis of all of the following except:
a. hCG
b. alpha-fetoprotein
c. inhibin A
d. PAPP-A
d
The reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal inferior vena cava describes:
supine hypotensive syndrome
Which of the following would be the least likely indication for a first-trimester sonogram?
a. evaluate pelvic pain
b. define the cause of vaginal bleeding
c. fetal lie
d. diagnosis of multiple gestations
c
All of the following would be an indication for a third-trimester sonogram except:
a. evaluate nuchal translucency
b. evaluate fetal presentation
c. evaluate fetal growth
d. evaluate gestational age
a
What is described as the number of pregnancies in which the patient has given birth to a fetus at or beyond 20 weeks gestational age or an infant weighing more than 500g
parityTh
The number of pregnancies is defined as;
gravidity
In the TPAL designation, the “L” refers to:
live births
The second trimester typically refers to weeks:
13 through 26
The clinical manifestations of supine hypointensive syndrome include all of the following except:
a. proteinuria
b. tachycardia
c. nausea
d. pallor
a
Painless second-trimester vaginal bleeding is most often associated with:
placenta previa
All of the following are observed during a biophysical profile except:
a. fetal tone
b. thoracic movement
c. fetal breathing
d. fetal circulation
d
Which of the following would not be decreased in the presence of Edwards syndrome?
a. Estriol
b. hCG
c. Alpha-fetoprotein
d. all would be decreased
d
All of the following are produced by the placenta except:
a. alpha-fetoprotein
b. hCG
c. PAPP-A
d. inhibin A
a
A myelomeningocele is associated with:
spina bifida
The anechoic space along the posterior aspect of the fetal neck is:
nuchal translucency
The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus describes:
placental abruption
Something that is idiopathis is said to be:
from an unknown cause
Which of the following forms of fetal presentation is the most common?
cephalic
Biophysical profile scoring is conducted:
a. until the fetus cooperates
b. for 10 minutes
c. for 45 minutes
d. for 30 minutes
d
What is the fetal presentation when the fetal buttocks is closest to the cervix?
frank breech
Which of the following would not typically produce an elevation in hCG?
a. Down syndrome
b. anembryonic pregnancy
c. triploidy
d. molar pregnancy
b
The triple screen typically includes an analysis of:
hCG, alpha-fetoprotein, and estriol
The dilated of the renal collecting system secondary to the obstruction of normal urine flow defines:
hydronephrosis
The physiologic ovarian cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred is the:
corpus luteum cyst
The protein that is produced by the yolk sac, fetal gastrointestinal tract, and the fetal liver is:
alpha-fetoprotein
Which of the following best describes the optimal instance to take the femur length measurement?
a. when the epiphyseal plates are clearly identified, and the shaft is parallel to the sound beam
b. when the diaphysis of the femur is parallel to the sound beam
c. when the long axis of the femoral shaft is perpendicular to the sound beam
d. when the femoral shaft is parallel to the sound beam
c
The abdominal circumference should include all of the following except:
a. the fetal stomach
b. the fetal thoracic spine
c. the umbilical vein
d. the kidneys
d
Which of the following artifacts is produced when the sound beam is barely attenuated through a fluid or a fluid-containing structure?
a. reverberation artifact
b. comet-tail artifact
c. posterior shadowing
d. acoustic enhancement
d
Which of the following artifacts is caused by attenuation of the sound beam?
a. reverberation artifact
b. comet-tail artifact
c. posterior shadowing
d. posterior enhancement
c
Which of the following would be least likely associated with an elevation in MSAFP?
a. anencephaly
b. Turner syndrome
c. Spina bifida
d. Myelomeningocele
b
Which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 13?
a. Down syndrome
b. Edwards syndrome
c. Turner syndrome
d. Patau syndrome
d
