Posterior Triangle - STOP FORGETTING Flashcards
alar ligaments
dens –> foramen magnum
prevent excessive rotation of the skull on the cervical column
cruciate ligament components
- transverse ligament of the atlas
- keeps dens in contact with anterior arch, prevents posterior dislocation - superior longitudinal ligament
- inferior longitudinal ligament
posterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyper flexion of cervical column
nuchal ligament
forms septum in posterior neck and prevents hyperflexion
anterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyperextension of cervical column
Hangman’s fracture
bilateral fracture posterior arch of C2 w/ anterior subluxation of C2 on C3
(pars interarticularis fractures)
hyperextension/distraction injury
Clay shoveler’s fracture
tip of spinous process C6-T1 shears off
Jefferson fracture
compression fracture of C1 anterior and/or posterior arch
lateral masses split
transverse ligament tears
Prevertebral fascia covers which m.?
surrounds all m. that attach to cervical vertebrae including…
scalenes
levator scapulae
suboccipital muscles
Investing fascia covers which m.?
trapezius
sternocleidomastoids
posterior triangle of neck boundaries
Posterior: anterior side of trapezius m.
Anterior: posterior side of SCM
Inferior: middle 1/3 of clavicle
Roof: skin, superficial fascia, platysma, investing layer of deep fascia
Floor: muscles covered by prevertebral fascia
Lesser Occipital n. (C2)
follows posterior border of SCM to innervate the scalp behind and above the ear
Great Auricular n. (C2,3)
crosses superficial to SCM
innervates the skin over the parotid gland, angle of the jaw and the posterior ear
Transverse Cervical Nerves (C2,3)
crosses SCM superficially
sensation for the skin of the front and side of the neck (anterior triangle)
Supraclavicular Nerves (C3,4)
medial, intermediate, and lateral branches
supply sensation over the shoulder (from the sternoclavicular joint to the acromion process), lateral neck and anterior upper thoracic wall.
cervical plexus
connections between ventral primary rami of C1-C4
great auricular n. (C2,C3)
lesser occipital n. (C2, C3)
transverse cervical n. (C2,C3)
supraclavicular n.s (C3,C4)
sensory nerves of the cervical plexus supply sensation to which area of the neck?
area of the neck below the mandible
Sensation from the posterior part of the neck and scalp is supplied by dorsal primary rami from
C2 – C4
CN XI path
emerges through jugular foramen to innervate SCM
then crosses posterior triangle to supply trapezius
posterior portion of scalp and neck is supplied by
dorsal rami of cervical spinal n. from C2-C4
scalene m. nerve supply
motor branches of cervical and brachial plexus
splenius captius nerve supply
dorsal rami of cervical n.
levator scapulae nerve supply
dorsal scapular n.
semispinalis capitus nerve supply
dorsal rami of cervical n.
suboccipital muscles
obliquius capitus (superior and inferior)
rectus captious posterior (minor and major)
- deepest group
- supplied by br. of dorsal primary rami of occipital n.
suboccipital n.
C1 dorsal ramus
supplies muscles of the suboccipital triangle
greater occipital n.
C2 dorsal ramus
supplies sensation around vertex of head
nerve point - which nerves emerge?
1) great auricular n.
2) lesser occipital n.
3) transverse cervical n.
4) supraclavicular nn.
- -lateral
- -intermediate
- -medial
thyrocervical trunk
- suprascapular a
- transverse cervical a
- inferior thyroid a
