Adolescent Substance Abuse Flashcards
Early (10-13yo) –> onset for
tobacco, alcohol, inhalants, OTC
Middle (13-16yo) –> onset for
marijuana, herbals, DMX, LSD, GHB, methylphenidate, amphetamines, steroids
Late (15-19yo) –> onset for
narcotics
___% of today’s high school children population are being exposed to marijuana.
30%
4 major clinical effects of marijuana
- Stimulation: VSs, appetite, red eye, BP and P
- Sedation: dry mouth, slurred speech, motor, anti-emetic
- Anesthesia: pain relief, memory/judgment loss
- Hallucinogen: euphoria, paranoia
* Any effect that results in the decline in executive/cognitive functions can greatly compromise someone at the workplace, while driving etc.
sudden sniffing death syndrome
after inhalation of methanol, benzene, methylene chloride, toluene
(sensitization of myocardium by solvent to the arrhythmogenic effects of epinephrine and increased sympathetic outflow)
Methamphetamine
sympathomimetic
Stimulation, flight of ideas, insomnia
Hyperthermia
Sweating, Flushed Tachypnea, Tachycardia Hypertension, Seizures
Amphetamines MOA
Receptors: serotonin binding sites, monoaminergic reuptake sites
CNS stimulants (increased energy, psychological euphoria and physical well-being)
*methamphetamine has stronger CNS effect
Amphetamines sx
alertness, anxiety, confusion, delirium, dry mouth, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, jaw clenching, bruxism, reduced appetite, sweating and psychosis
Amphetamine w/d sx
depression, fatigue, sleep problems, increased appetite, headaches and drug cravings
no specific tx, supportive care
Ecstasy (MDMA) MOA
Receptors: 5HT
stimulant/hallucinogen effects
Ecstasy w/d sx
depression, anxiety, panic attacks, sleeplessness, paranoia and delusions
tx is supportive
Ecstasy chronic use
damage too 5HT sx –> thought and memory deficits
