Pharm Review Flashcards
1
Q
types of antidepressants
A
- MAO inhibitors (phenelzine)
- TCAs (amitriptyline)
- SSRIs
- SNRIs (Venlafaxine)
- Others (Buproprion, Mirtazapine, Trazodone)
2
Q
the only antidepressant that does not cause weight gain?
A
Buproprion
side fx
- insomnia
- hallucinations
- seizure
- weight LOSS
3
Q
TCAs block which receptors? Causing what?
A
Histamine: weight gain, sedation
Muscarinic: lack of SLUD, tachycardia, memory issues
Alpha-1: orthostasis
4
Q
main adverse effects of SSRIs
A
- nausea
- headache
- insomnia
- nervousness
- somnolence/dizziness
- sexual dysfunction
5
Q
types of mood stabilizers
A
Lithium
Valproic acid
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
sometimes second generation antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, quietapine)
6
Q
anxiety/insomnia targets
A
- adrenergic modification (beta blockers)
- serotonin modifiers (Buspirone, antidepressants)
- GABA stim (benzos: -epam)
- Orexin receptor antagonists
- melatonin
- ramelteon
- diphenhydramine
7
Q
Lithium
A
Mood stabilizer
- Na transport
- slow onset
- narrow therapeutic window
- nausea, diarrhea, fatigue
- tremor, weight gain
- nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (blocks ADH)
- monitor: plasma, kidneys, thyroid, heart
8
Q
Valproic acid
A
Mood Stabilizer, Anticonvulsant
- increases GABA levels
- blocks Na and Ca
- quicker onset
- monitor plasma levels
- tremor, sedation (CNS)
- nausea, diarrhea (GI)
- weight gain, alopecia
- NEURAL TUBE defects
- HEPATOTOXICITY, pancreatitis
AGRANULOCYTOSIS
9
Q
Carbamazepine
A
Mood Stabilizer, Anticonvulsant
- stabilizes Na channels
- quicker onset
- monitor plasma levels
- dizzy, blurred vision, ataxia (CNS)
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (GI)
- AGRANULOCYTOSIS
- RASHES (HLA predicted)
- CYP450 INDUCER
- SIADH (edema, hyponatremia)
10
Q
Oxcarbazepine
A
- similar to carbamazepine
- less CYP induction
- no epoxide
- still hyponatremia
11
Q
Lamotrigine
A
Anticonvulsant
- blocks Na channels
- blocks Glu and Asp
- dizziness, ataxia, somnolence (CNS)
- RASHES (no hla prediction)
- RENAL CLEARANCE
12
Q
Buspirone
A
Anxiolytic
- partial agonist of serotonin
- diziness, nausea, headache
- low cost, low abuse, easy
- slow onset
13
Q
types of anticonvulsants
A
- Na channel blockers (phenytoin, carbamazempine)
- Ca channel blockers (ethosuximide, gabapentin)
- GABA modulators (benzos, barbiturates)
- others (valproic acid, lamotrigine, levetiracetam)
14
Q
main concerns of anticonvulsants
A
- CNS
- GI
- dermatologic (phenytoin, lamitrogine, carbamazepine)
- bone marrow
- drug interactions
- therapeutic monitoring
- suicidality
15
Q
phenytoin
A
Anticonvulsant
- presynaptic Na channels
- induces CYP enzymes
- narrow therapeutic window
- drowsy, dizzy, ataxia
- nausea, vomiting
- mild rash
- gingival hyperplasia
- CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
