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AIM - The Brain > Childhood Disorders I/II > Flashcards

Childhood Disorders I/II Flashcards

1
Q

intrinsic factors affecting development

A 
physical status
intellect
temperament
affect modulation
control behavior
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2
Q

extrinsic factors affecting development

A

culture

environment

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3
Q

Freud

A

psychosexual development

exp. oral fixation

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4
Q

Paiget

A

cognitive development

exp. child capable of assessing amount of water in beaker

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5
Q

Erickson

A

psychosocial development

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6
Q

Kohlberg

A

moral development

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7
Q

unique characteristic of child mental health

A

represents gene-enviro interactions

affects family relationships and vice versa

early tx reduces mortality/morbidity

sources of resilience/risk influence occurrence and course of MH issues

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8
Q

sources of resilience

A

high intelligence

physical attractiveness

talent/special skills

family support

community support

^all attract more attention from ADULTS

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9
Q

sources of risk

A

poverty

multiple moves/immigration

post-separation conflicts

family violence

community disruption

poor resource availability

^all that are disruptive/decrease parents’ availability

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10
Q

types of child and adolescent MH disorders

A
  1. autism spectrum disorder
  2. anxiety disorders
  3. depression
  4. trauma
  5. attention deficit hyperactive disorder
  6. eating disorders
  7. substance abuse
  8. self-harm behavior
  9. learning disability
  10. early-onset schizophrenia
  11. pediatric bipolar disorder
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11
Q

Autism spectrum disorder

A
  • Social communication deficits
  • Restricted interests/behaviors
  • Present since very early age
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12
Q

High co-morbidities of autism

A

intellectual disability*
language difficulties
anxiety disorders

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13
Q

Prognosis of autism depends on what?

A

depends on language development and intellectual capacity

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14
Q

anxiety disorders

A

Sx: excessive worry interfering with function

  • separation anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and social phobia, AVOIDANCE
- Somatic complaints
disruptive symptoms (tantrums), academic failure
  • 5% of children
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15
Q

Tx of anxiety disorders

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs. other therapies + SSRIs

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16
Q

Depression

A
  • suicidal/aggressive/irritable behavior (stemming from sadness/helplessness/low self-esteem)
  • sleeping issues
  • risk of academic failure, poor relationship, and less than optimal occupational outcome
  • 3% of children; 5-8% of adolescents.
  • lifetime prevalence by end of adolescence: 20%
17
Q

Tx of depression

A

Psychotherapy + SSRIs

18
Q

Adolescent Suicide risk fx

A

females attempt suicide more

males complete suicide more

previous attempts increase risk

self-mutilation assoc w/ attempts

early childhood abuse, current behavior problems, disinhibition secondary to intoxication

chronic difficulties and recent acute stressor

19
Q

Types of suicide attempts

A
  • impulsive angry rxn to an immediate situation
  • behavioral response to a desire for relief (exp. relief from depression/tourette sx, etc)
  • attempt based upon a considered wish to die
20
Q

attention deficit hyperactive disorder(ADHD)

A

sx: inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, disorganization
problems in at least 2 settings

  • comorbidity: learning disorders, substance abuse
  • 5-12% of children worldwide
21
Q

Tx of ADHD

A

stimulants, school support, parent support

22
Q

conduct disorder

A
  • boys
  • rights of others or social norms are violated
  • limited pro-social emotions: lack of remorse, guilt, and empathy
  • can develop into antisocial personality and lifelong of criminality
  • associated w/ poor family relations and parental supervision, substance abuse
23
Q

Tx of conduct disorder

A

home-based, intensive family treatment leads to 75% recovery (but very hard to obtain tx thru insurance)

24
Q

post-traumatic stress disorder

A

Abuse, neglect, observing domestic violence, accidents, illness (including hospitalizations)

Sx: hypervgilance, avoidance, and re-experiencing

“The Great Masquerader” (can look like ADHD, bipolar, depression, anxiety)

Co-morbidity: depression, substance abuse, risk-taking behavior

25
Q

Tx of PTSD

A

psychotherapy

26
Q

pediatric bipolar disorder

A
  • can occur in childhood and adolescence
  • mood fluctuations associated w/ marked irritability, temper outbursts and impulsivity
  • can be difficult to treat and is often chronic
  • frequently in families w/ other member with Bipolar Disorder (complicates tx)
27
Q

substance abuse

A
  • indicative of other psychiatric disorder
  • use of multiple substances is common
  • has declined in youth in past 15 yrs
  • assoc w/ poor fam relations and parental supervision
    tx: building family relations and child/adolescent’s capabilities
  • use of marijuana has been increasing

AIM - The Brain (105 decks)

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