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Y2 Musculoskeletal > Physiology - Pain > Flashcards

Physiology - Pain Flashcards

1
Q

what is pain?

A

an unpleasant sensory and emotional experienced associated with tissue damage

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2
Q

what are the four distinct processes in the physiology of pain?

A

transduction
transmission
modulation
perception

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3
Q

what is transduction of pain?

A

translation of a noxious stimulus into electrical activity at the peripheral nociceptor

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4
Q

what is transmission of pain?

A

propagation of pain signal as nerve impulses through the nervous system

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5
Q

what is modulation of pain?

A

modification/hindering of pain transmission in the nervous system

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6
Q

what is perception of pain?

A

conscious experience of pain, causes physiological and behavioural responses

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7
Q

what does pain begin with?

A

the activation of nociceptors

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8
Q

what are nociceptors?

A

specific primary sensory afferent neurones normally activated by intense noxious stimuli

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9
Q

what are the two subtypes of nociceptors?

A

A fibres

C fibres

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10
Q

what are A fibres?

A

mechanical/thermal nociceptors that are myelinated

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11
Q

what type of pain do A fibres mediate?

A

fast pain/first painless

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12
Q

what are C fibres?

A

unmyelinated nociceptors that respond to all noxious stimuli

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13
Q

what type of pain do C fibres mediate?

A

slow/second painful

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14
Q

what does nociceptive pain represent?

A

a normal response to injury of tissues by noxious stimuli

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15
Q

what provokes nociceptive pain?

A

intense stimulation of nociceptors

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16
Q

what causes inflammatory pain?

A

activation of the immune system

17
Q

what does inflammatory pain cause?

A

heightened pain sensitivity

18
Q

what does inflammatory pain discourage?

A

physical contact with affected site and movement

19
Q

what are the two types of pathological pain?

A

neuropathic

dysfunctional

20
Q

what causes neuropathic pain?

A

damage to neural tissue

21
Q

how can neuropathic pain be perceived?

A

burning
shooting
numbness
pins and needles

22
Q

what is the cause of dysfunctional pain?

A

no known cause

23
Q

what is referred pain?

A

pain developed in one part of the body is felt in another area

24
Q

what type of pain can be felt as referred pain?

A

deep/visceral pain

Y2 Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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