Physiology - Joints Flashcards
what are the three types of joints?
synovial
fibrous
cartilaginous
what is another name for a synovial joint?
diarthrosis
what is a synovial joint?
bones separated by a cavity containing synovial fluid and united by a fibrous capsule
articular surfaces covered in cartilage
what are the two types of synovial joint?
simple
compound
what is a simple synovial joint?
one pair of articular surfaces
what is a compound synovial joint?
more than one pair of articular surfaces
what is another name for a fibrous joint?
synarthrosis
what is a fibrous joint?
bones are united by fibrous tissue
give an example of a simple synovial joint
metacarpophalangeal
give an example of a compound synovial joint
elbow
give an example of a fibrous joint
bones of the skull
how much movement can occur at a fibrous joint?
none
what is another name for a cartilaginous joint?
amphiarthrosis
what is a cartilaginous joint?
bones are united by cartilage
name an example of a cartilaginous joint
pubic symphisis
what are the functions of the synovial fluid?
lubricates the joint and reduces friction
aids in nutrition of the articular cartilage
describe the viscosity of the synovial fluid
high
mainly due to presence of hyaluronic acid produced by synovial cells
what happens to the synovial fluid in rapid movement?
decreased viscosity
increased elasticity
describe the appearance of normal synovial fluid
clear
colourless
what type of cartilage is normally found at articular surfaces?
hyaline
what three things make up hyaline cartilage?
water
collagen
proteoglycans
