Anatomy: Spine

Question 1

what are the five regions of the spine?

Answer 1

cervical 
thoracic 
lumbar 
sacral 
coccyx

Question 2

how many vertebrae make up the cervical region?

Answer 2

7

Question 3

how many vertebrae make up the thoracic region?

Answer 3

12

Question 4

how many vertebrae make up the lumbar region?

Answer 4

5

Question 5

how many vertebrae make up the sacral region?

Answer 5

5 fused together

Question 6

how many vertebrae make up the coccyx?

Answer 6

3-5 fused together

Question 7

name a condition that can cause a pathological thoracic kyphosis

Answer 7

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 8

what is the normal shape for the spine?

Answer 8

cervical lordosis (in) 
thoracic kyphosis (out)
lumbar lordosis

Question 9

what is the name of C1?

Answer 9

atlas

Question 10

what is the name of C2?

Answer 10

axis

Question 11

what makes C1 unique?

Answer 11

no body

no spinous process

Question 12

what makes C2 unique?

Answer 12

contains the odontoid process (aka the dens)

Question 13

what articulates with the dens?

Answer 13

the anterior arch of the atlas

Question 14

what type of joint is the atlanto-axial joint?

Answer 14

synovial pivot

no movement

Question 15

what is C7 called?

Answer 15

vertebra prominens

Question 16

what is the vertebral body of a typical cervical vertebrae like?

Answer 16

small
kidney shaped
contains uncinate processes

Question 17

what do the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae have?

Answer 17

transverse foramens

anterior and posterior tubercles

Question 18

describe the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae

Answer 18

short, bifid

Question 19

what is the vertebral body of a typical thoracic vertebrae like?

Answer 19

heart shaped

bigger more inferiorly

Question 20

what do the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae conntain?

Answer 20

costal facets

these articulate with the ribs

Question 21

what is the pars interarticularis?

Answer 21

the intra articular part of the vertebrae

found between the superior and inferior articular processes

Question 22

what is spondylolysis?

Answer 22

stress fracture of the vertebrae

Question 23

what is spondylolisthesis?

Answer 23

displacement of the vertebrae

Question 24

what are the two layers of the muscles of the back?

Answer 24

superficial

deep

Question 25

what muscles make up the superficial muscles of the back?

Answer 25

trapezius levator scapulae rhomboid major and minor latissimus dorsi

Question 26

what is the role of the deep muscles of the back?

Answer 26

provide movement and stability

Question 27

name the deep muscles of the back

Answer 27

splenius erector spinae transversospinalis muscles

Question 28

what three muscles make up erector spinae?

Answer 28

iliocostalis longissimus spinalis

Question 29

what muscles are found in the gutter between the transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae?

Answer 29

semispinalis | multifidus

Question 30

what muscle is the extensor of the back (lets you stand up)?

Answer 30

erector spinae

Question 31

what is the outer part of a intervertebral disc?

Answer 31

annulus fibrosus

Question 32

what is the inner part of an intervertebral disc?

Answer 32

nucleus pulposus