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Y2 Musculoskeletal > Hip Conditions > Flashcards

Hip Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what does FAI stand for?

A

femeroacetabular impingement syndrome

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2
Q

what are the three types of FAI?

A

mixed
CAM
pincer

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3
Q

what is the deformity in CAM FAI?

A

femoral deformity

asymmetric femoral head with a decreased head to neck ratio

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4
Q

who is usually affected by CAM type FAI?

A

young, athletic males

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5
Q

what is the deformity in pincer FAI?

A

acetabular deformity where it overhangs

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6
Q

who is usually affected by pincer FAI?

A

females

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7
Q

how does FAI present?

A

activity related pain in the groin

difficulty sitting

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8
Q

how is FAI diagnosed?

A

radiographs
CT
MRI

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9
Q

how is asymptomatic FAI managed?

A

observation

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10
Q

how is symptomatic FAI managed?

A

surgery

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11
Q

what is avascular necrosis?

A

failure of the blood supply to the femoral head

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12
Q

what are the two causes of avascular necrosis?

A

idiopathic

trauma

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13
Q

who is more commonly affected by avascular necrosis?

A

men

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14
Q

what is the typical age range for avascular necrosis?

A

35-50

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15
Q

is avascular necrosis usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

bilateral

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16
Q

what are five risk factors for avascular necrosis?

A 
radiation 
trauma 
blood diseases 
alcoholism
steroids
17
Q

how does avascular necrosis present?

A

insidious onset groin pain

exacerbated by impact

18
Q

what is seen on clinical examination of avascular necrosis?

A

nothing

unless disease has advanced

19
Q

how is avascular necrosis diagnosed?

A

x-rays - often normal

MRI

20
Q

what management is done for reversible avascular necrosis?

A

bisphosphonates

grafting

21
Q

what management is done for irreversible avascular necrosis?

A

total hip replacement

22
Q

what does ITOH stand for?

A

idiopathic transient osteonecrosis of the hip

23
Q

how does ITOH present?

A

progressive groin pain over several weeks

difficulty weight bearing

24
Q

is ITOH usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

unilateral

25
Q

what two groups are most commonly affected by ITOH?

A

middle aged men

pregnant women in the 3rd trimester

26
Q

how is ITOH diagnosed?

A

raised inflammatory markers

MRI

27
Q

how is ITOH managed?

A

self limiting - better in 6-9 months

analgesia

28
Q

what is trochanteric bursitis?

A

inflammation of the trochanteric bursa

29
Q

what causes trochanteric bursitis?

A

repeated trauma due to the iliotibial band hitting the trochanteric bursa

30
Q

who is commonly affected by trochanteric bursitis?

A

females

young runners

31
Q

how does trochanteric bursitis present?

A

pain on the lateral aspect of the hip

tenderness over the greater trochanter

32
Q

how is trochanteric bursitis diagnosed?

A

clinical diagnosis

33
Q

how is trochanteric bursitis managed?

A

analgesia
physio
steroid injections

Y2 Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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