Hip Conditions

Question 1

what does FAI stand for?

Answer 1

femeroacetabular impingement syndrome

Question 2

what are the three types of FAI?

Answer 2

mixed
CAM
pincer

Question 3

what is the deformity in CAM FAI?

Answer 3

femoral deformity

asymmetric femoral head with a decreased head to neck ratio

Question 4

who is usually affected by CAM type FAI?

Answer 4

young, athletic males

Question 5

what is the deformity in pincer FAI?

Answer 5

acetabular deformity where it overhangs

Question 6

who is usually affected by pincer FAI?

Answer 6

females

Question 7

how does FAI present?

Answer 7

activity related pain in the groin

difficulty sitting

Question 8

how is FAI diagnosed?

Answer 8

radiographs
CT
MRI

Question 9

how is asymptomatic FAI managed?

Answer 9

observation

Question 10

how is symptomatic FAI managed?

Answer 10

surgery

Question 11

what is avascular necrosis?

Answer 11

failure of the blood supply to the femoral head

Question 12

what are the two causes of avascular necrosis?

Answer 12

idiopathic

trauma

Question 13

who is more commonly affected by avascular necrosis?

Answer 13

men

Question 14

what is the typical age range for avascular necrosis?

Answer 14

35-50

Question 15

is avascular necrosis usually unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 15

bilateral

Question 16

what are five risk factors for avascular necrosis?

Answer 16

radiation 
trauma 
blood diseases 
alcoholism
steroids

Question 17

how does avascular necrosis present?

Answer 17

insidious onset groin pain

exacerbated by impact

Question 18

what is seen on clinical examination of avascular necrosis?

Answer 18

nothing

unless disease has advanced

Question 19

how is avascular necrosis diagnosed?

Answer 19

x-rays - often normal

MRI

Question 20

what management is done for reversible avascular necrosis?

Answer 20

bisphosphonates

grafting

Question 21

what management is done for irreversible avascular necrosis?

Answer 21

total hip replacement

Question 22

what does ITOH stand for?

Answer 22

idiopathic transient osteonecrosis of the hip

Question 23

how does ITOH present?

Answer 23

progressive groin pain over several weeks

difficulty weight bearing

Question 24

is ITOH usually unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 24

unilateral

Question 25

what two groups are most commonly affected by ITOH?

Answer 25

middle aged men | pregnant women in the 3rd trimester

Question 26

how is ITOH diagnosed?

Answer 26

raised inflammatory markers | MRI

Question 27

how is ITOH managed?

Answer 27

self limiting - better in 6-9 months analgesia

Question 28

what is trochanteric bursitis?

Answer 28

inflammation of the trochanteric bursa

Question 29

what causes trochanteric bursitis?

Answer 29

repeated trauma due to the iliotibial band hitting the trochanteric bursa

Question 30

who is commonly affected by trochanteric bursitis?

Answer 30

females | young runners

Question 31

how does trochanteric bursitis present?

Answer 31

pain on the lateral aspect of the hip | tenderness over the greater trochanter

Question 32

how is trochanteric bursitis diagnosed?

Answer 32

clinical diagnosis

Question 33

how is trochanteric bursitis managed?

Answer 33

analgesia physio steroid injections