Anatomy: Lower Limb (Clinical)

Question 1

what type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

Answer 1

both fibrous and synovial

Question 2

what type of joint is the anterior part of the sacroiliac joint?

Answer 2

synovial plane

Question 3

what type of joint is the posterior part of the sacroiliac joint?

Answer 3

fibrous

Question 4

what type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 4

synovial ball and socket

Question 5

what is the acetabular labrum?

Answer 5

a fibrocartilaginous rim along the margin of the acetabulum

Question 6

what are the ligaments of the hip joint?

Answer 6

iliofemoral
ischiofemoral
pubofemoral

Question 7

which type of hip dislocation is more common?

Answer 7

posterior

Question 8

when does a posterior hip dislocation usually occur?

Answer 8

during a traumatic event when the hip is flexed, adducted and medially rotated

Question 9

what nerve can be damaged by a posterior hip location?

Answer 9

the sciatic nerve

usually common fibular division

Question 10

where does the sciatic nerve originate?

Answer 10

the L4-S3 anterior rami

Question 11

what is trendelenburg’s sign?

Answer 11

inferior movement of the contralateral leg when standing on one leg

Question 12

what causes trendelenburg’s sign?

Answer 12

dysfunctional hip abduction caused by muscle weakness or paralysis

Question 13

what muscles abduct the hip?

Answer 13

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

Question 14

where does the gluteus medius originate?

Answer 14

between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines of the ilium

Question 15

where does the gluteus minimus originate?

Answer 15

between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines of the ilium

Question 16

where do the gluteus medius and minimus insert?

Answer 16

into the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 17

where does the superior gluteal nerve originate?

Answer 17

from the L4-S1 anterior rami

Question 18

where does the superior gluteal nerve pass between?

Answer 18

the gluteus minimus and the gluteus medius

Question 19

what four things make up the deltoid ligament of the ankle?

Answer 19

anterior tibiotalar ligament
posterior tibiotalar ligament
tibiocalcaneal ligament
tibionavicular ligament

Question 20

what happens in a maisonneuve fracture?

Answer 20

separation of the distal tibia and fibula, causing rupture of the tibiofibular syndesmosis

fracture of proximal fibula

Question 21

what causes foot drop?

Answer 21

dysfunction of the anterior compartment musculature

Question 22

how does someone with foot drop walk?

Answer 22

high steppage

foot slap