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Y2 Musculoskeletal > Pathology - Arthritis > Flashcards

Pathology - Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

A

AS
reactive arthritis
enteric arthritis
psoriatic arthritis

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2
Q

what is the most common type of arthritis?

A

osteoarthritis

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3
Q

what causes osteoarthritis?

A

degenerative changes in the joint - ‘wear and tear’

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4
Q

what are the two types of OA?

A

primary

secondary

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5
Q

what is primary OA?

A

insidious OA with no cause

age related

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6
Q

what is secondary OA?

A

OA with a predisposing condition

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7
Q

what is the pathophysiology in OA?

A

degeneration of the cartilage with disordered repair

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8
Q

what four things are seen on x-ray of a joint with OA?

A

loss of joint space
subchondral sclerosis
subchondral cysts
osteophytes

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9
Q

what are osteophytes?

A

areas of disorganised bone remodelling

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10
Q

what is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder

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11
Q

when does RA usually occur?

A

2nd - 4th decades

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12
Q

who is most commonly affected by RA?

A

females (3x as common)

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13
Q

describe the joint involvement in RA

A

symmetrical

small joints before large joints

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14
Q

what genes have been linked to RA?

A

HLA DRB1

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15
Q

what immunological component is formed in RA?

A

a pannus

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16
Q

what is a pannus?

A

an area of granulation tissue

17
Q

what is seen on the bloods of someone with RA?

A

rheumatoid factor

anti CCP

18
Q

what gene is associated with the seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

A

HLA B27

19
Q

what joint is most commonly affected by the seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

A

sacro iliac joints

20
Q

what joints are predominantly affected in psoriatic arthritis?

A

hands and feet - usually DIPJs

sacro-iliac joints in some cases

21
Q

is joint involvement in psoriatic arthritis symmetrical?

A

not always

22
Q

name two types of crystal arthropathies

A

gout

pseudogout

Y2 Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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