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Y2 Musculoskeletal > Anatomy: Upper Limb > Flashcards

Anatomy: Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main important action of the rotator cuff muscles?

A

stabilise the head of the humerus in the glenoid

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2
Q

what are the four muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

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3
Q

where do the rotator cuff muscles insert?

A

greater tuberosity

subscapularis = lesser tuberosity

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4
Q

how much of the humeral head is usually in contact with the glenoid fossa?

A

around a third

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5
Q

what are the compartments of the arm?

A

anterior

posterior

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6
Q

what are the compartments of the forearm?

A

anterior
lateral
posterior

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7
Q

what is the arterial supply to the anterior arm?

A

brachial artery

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8
Q

what is the venous drainage to the anterior arm?

A

brachial vein

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9
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior arm?

A

musculocutaneous

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10
Q

what is the arterial supply to the posterior arm?

A

profunda brachii

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11
Q

what is the nerve supply to the posterior arm?

A

radial nerve

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12
Q

what is the arterial supply to the anterior forearm?

A

radial artery

ulnar artery

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13
Q

what is the nerve supply to the anterior forearm?

A

median nerve

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14
Q

what is the arterial supply to the posterior forearm?

A

interosseous artery

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15
Q

what is the nerve supply to the posterior forearm?

A

radial nerve

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16
Q

what is the arterial supply to the hand?

A

deep and superficial palmar arches

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17
Q

what is the nerve supply to the hand?

A

ulnar nerve

median nerve

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18
Q

what three muscles make up the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

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19
Q

what are the actions of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

flexion of the arm and forearm

20
Q

what muscle makes up the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

triceps brachii

21
Q

what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

extension of the arm and forearm

22
Q

what are the three layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

superficial
intermediate
deep

23
Q

what four muscles make up the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

24
Q

what muscle makes up the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

25
Q

what three muscles make up the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus
pronator quadratus

26
Q

what muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are not supplied by the median nerve, and what nerve supplies them?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

the ulnar nerve

27
Q

what are the two layers of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

superficial

deep

28
Q

what are the SEVEN (why) muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus 
extensor carpi radialis brevis 
extensor digiti minimi 
extensor carpi ulnaris 
extensor digitorum 
anconeus
29
Q

what five muscles make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
supinator 
extensor pollicis brevis 
extensor indicis 
extensor pollicis longus 
abductor pollicis longus
30
Q

what are the two muscular eminences of the hand?

A

thenar eminence

hypothenar eminence

31
Q

what three muscles make up the thenar eminence?

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

32
Q

what nerve innervates the thenar eminence?

A

median nerve

33
Q

what three muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

34
Q

what nerve innervates the hypothenar eminence?

A

ulnar nerve

35
Q

what muscles of the hand are supplied by the median nerve?

A

the LOAF muscles

36
Q

what are the LOAF muscles?

A

medial two lumbricals
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis

37
Q

how many lumbricals are there in each hand?

38
Q

where are the lumbricals attached?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

39
Q

what is the innervation of the lumbricals?

A

lateral two = median nerve

medial two = ulnar nerve

40
Q

what are the two types of interossei found in the hands?

A

dorsal

palmar

41
Q

what do the dorsal interossei do?

A

abduct the digits

42
Q

what do the palmar interossei do?

A

adduct the digits

43
Q

what nerve innervates the interossei?

A

ulnar nerve

44
Q

what provides sensory and motor innervation to the upper limb?

A

the brachial plexus

45
Q

where does the brachial plexus originate?

A

anterior rami of C5-T1

46
Q

how are the cords of the brachial plexus named?

A

according to their relationship to the axillary artery

Y2 Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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