Infections Flashcards
what are staphylococci?
gram positive cocci in clusters
what are the two main groups of staphylococci?
coagulase positive
coagulase negative
name a coagulase positive staph
staph aureus
name a coagulase negative staph
staph epidermis
what is osteomyelitis?
inflammation of the bone and medullary cavity
where does osteomyelitis usually arise in a bone?
the head of the bone as this is where the greatest blood supply is
what are common causes of osteomyelitis in new borns and children?
s aureus
group B strep
what is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in adults?
staph aureus
how is osteomyelitis managed?
debridement
antimicrobials
what investigations are done for osteomyelitis?
bloods
imaging
bone biopsy
what is the gold standard investigation for osteomyelitis?
bone biopsy
what is spondylodiscitis?
infection of the disc space
how is vertebral osteomyelitis managed?
drain abscesses if present
antimicrobials for at least 6 weeks
what are the three types of prosthetic joint infection?
early
chronic
haematogenous
how is prosthetic joint infection diagnosed?
culture
CRP
imaging
how is prosthetic joint infection managed?
ideally remove prosthesis
antibiotics
re implant
what is septic arthritis?
inflammation of the joint space due to infection
how is septic arthritis diagnosed?
joint fluid for culture
x-ray
MRI
what is rubor?
redness
what is calor?
heat
what is dolor?
pain
what is tumor?
swelling
what is functio laesa?
loss of function