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Flashcardlet > Phy Sci chapter six > Flashcards

Phy Sci chapter six Flashcards

0
Q

What are atoms and ions held together by

A

Chemical bonds

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1
Q

Which one is a compound

  • salt
  • paint
  • soup
  • air
A

Salt

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2
Q

Which model could be used to compare the sizes of atoms in a molecule

A

Space-filling

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3
Q

There are strong bonds between the atoms in a piece of quartz. These binds give quartz a what

A

High melting point

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4
Q

The attraction between molecules tends to be ______ than the attraction between ions

A

Weaker

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5
Q

Which molecules are most strongly attracted to one another

A

Hydrogen molecules

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6
Q

Sugar has a lower melting point than salt because sugar is made of what

A

Molecules

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7
Q

A hydrogen bond between water molecules is what when compared with the bonds within an individual water molecule

A

It is weaker

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8
Q

A compound with only two atoms would not have a what

A

Bond angle

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9
Q

What model would show the bind angle

A

Ball-and-stick

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10
Q

Why do atoms sometimes form bonds

A

To become more stable

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11
Q

What kind of bonds hold together copper atoms

A

Metallic

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12
Q

Sodium has one electron in its outer shell and chlorine has seven elevators in its outer shell
The atoms will form an _________ bond by _________ their electrons

A

Ionic

Transferring

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13
Q

Oxygen atoms have six electrons in their outer shells

When two oxygen atoms bond, they will form a _______ bond by _______ their electrons

A

Covalent

Sharing

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14
Q

Formed by atoms in metals packing elections close together

A

Metallic bond

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15
Q

Positive and negative ions are formed

A

Ionic bond

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16
Q

Usually occurs between nonmetals

A

Covalent bond

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17
Q

Allows copper to bend and conduct electricity

A

Metallic bond

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18
Q

Creates compounds with very high boiling points

A

Ionic bond

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19
Q

Creates compounds with low boiling points

A

Covalent bond

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20
Q

The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together

A

Chemical bond

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21
Q

The arrangement of atoms in a substance

A

Chemical structure

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22
Q

The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms

A

Born length

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23
Q

The angle formed by two bonds to the same atoms

A

Bond angle

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24
Q

What determines the properties of a compound

A

The chemical structure

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25
Q

Compounds with what kind of structures are strong solids

A

Network structures

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26
Q

What are some compounds made of

A

Molecules

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27
Q

Attractions between water molecules

A

Hydrogen bonds

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28
Q

What are hydrogen bonds not as strong as

A

The bonds holding oxygen and hydrogen atoms together within a molecule

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29
Q

Why do atoms form bonds

A

So that each atoms has a stable electron configuration

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30
Q

What are the 2 basic kinds of chemical bonding

A

Ionic

Covalent

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31
Q

How do ionic bonds form

A

From the attractions between oppositely charged ions

32
Q

The attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another

A

Ionic bonds

33
Q

The smallest ratio of ions in ionic compounds

A

Formula unit

34
Q

When can ionic compounds conduct electricity

A

When melted or dissolved in water

35
Q

What do atoms joined by covalent bonds share

A

Electrons

36
Q

A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

A

Covalent bond

37
Q

What kind of atoms do covalent bonds usually form between

A

Nonmetal

38
Q

Bonds in which electrons are shared equally

A

Nonpolar covalent bonds

39
Q

A bond in which there is an unequal sharing of electrons

A

Polar covalent bond

40
Q

What gives metals their distinctive properties

A

Metals are flexible and conduct electric current well because their atoms and electrons can move freely throughout a metal’s packed structure

41
Q

A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them

A

Metallic bond

42
Q

How are polyatomic ions similar to other ions

A

They act as a single unit in a compound

43
Q

An ion made of two or more atoms

A

Polyatomic ion

44
Q

What ending is used to name an ion with more oxygen atoms

A

-ate

45
Q

What ending is used to name an ion with fewer oxygen atoms

A

-ite

46
Q

How are ionic compounds named

A

The names of ionic compounds consisting of the names of the ions that make up the compounds

47
Q

What do names of cations include

A

The elements of which they are composed

48
Q

What are names of anions

A

Altered names of elements

49
Q

What must an ionic compound have a total charge of

A

Zero

50
Q

What some cation names show

A

Their charge

51
Q

What may form several cations - each with a different charge

A

Transition metals

52
Q

What does a compound’s empirical formula indicate

A

The smallest whole-number ratio of atoms that are in a compound

53
Q

The composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio

A

Empirical formula

54
Q

A chemical formula that shows the number and kind of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of atoms

A

Molecular formula

55
Q

What can be used to determine empirical formulas

A

Masses

56
Q

A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon excluding carbonates and oxides

A

Organic compound

57
Q

What do carbon atoms form

A

Four covalent bonds in organic compounds

58
Q

A compound made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

A

Hydrocarbon

59
Q

Hydrocarbons that have only single covalent bonds

A

Alkanes

60
Q

What are examples of alkanes

A

Methane

Ethane

61
Q

Alkanes with the lowest molecular masses are what

What about highest molecular masses

A

Gases

Solids

62
Q

What is the number of hydrogen atoms always

A

Two more than twice the number of carbon atoms, except for cyclic alkenes

63
Q

Hydrocarbons that have double carbon bonds

A

Alkenes

64
Q

What is the simplest alkene

A

Ethene

65
Q

What do alcohols have

A

Hydroxyl, or -OH groups

66
Q

What two molecules behave similarly

A

Alcohol and water molecules

67
Q

A molecule that is a long chain made of smaller molecules

A

Polymer

68
Q

What do polymers have that repeat

A

Subunits

69
Q

The smaller molecule that makes up the polymer

A

Monomer

70
Q

What can be natural or artificial

A

Polymers

71
Q

What are some natural polymers

A

Rubber
Starch
Protein
DNA

72
Q

what are some artificial polymers

A

Plastic

Synthetic fibers

73
Q

What determines a polymer’s elasticity

A

Structure

74
Q

What is made of long chains

A

Polyethene

75
Q

What is flexible, but not elastic

A

Polyethene

76
Q

What are some polymer structures

A

Linear
Branched
Cross-linked

77
Q

What organic compounds are essential to life

A

Biochemicals, which are essential to life, include carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA

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