Music App 3RD NINE WEEKS EXAM Flashcards
0
Q
What are some high instruments
A
Clarinet Flute Guitar Harmonica Saxophone Oboe
1
Q
How high or low a sound is
A
Pitch
2
Q
What are some low instruments
A
Trombone Tuba Bass guitar French horn Euphonium Bassoon
3
Q
Is a treble clef high or low
A
High
4
Q
Is a bass clef high or low
A
Low
5
Q
How fast or slow a piece is
A
Tempo
6
Q
Getting slower
A
Ritardando
7
Q
Getting faster
A
Accelerando
8
Q
How long or short sounds or silences are
A
Rhythm
9
Q
What note has 4 clicks
A
Whole note
10
Q
What note has 2 clicks
A
Half note
11
Q
What note has 1 click
A
Quarter note
12
Q
What note has 1/2 click
A
Eighth note
13
Q
What note has 1/4 click
A
Sixteenth note
14
Q
How loud or soft music is
A
Dynamics
15
Q
Very, very soft
A
Pianississimo
16
Q
Very, very loud
A
fortississimo
17
Q
Gradually getting louder
A
Crescendo
18
Q
Gradually getting softer
A
Diminuendo
19
Q
Rhythm and pitch combined
A
Melody
20
Q
When more than one pitch is played at the same time
A
Harmony
21
Q
How many sounds
A
Texture
22
Q
Single melodic line
A
Monophonic
23
Q
More than one voice part
A
Polyphonic
24
Single melodic line with chordal accompaniment
Homophonic
25
When performers sing/play the same melody but in their own way
Heterophony
26
Musical plan/how it's divided
Structure
27
AB structure
Binary
28
ABA structure
Ternary
29
ABACA structure
Rondo
30
Verse/Chorus structure
Pop song
31
How each instrument/voice sounds
Timbre
32
Four voice types
Soprano
Alto
Tenor
Bass
33
Types of music
Style
34
What family does the violin belong to
String
35
How do string instruments produce sound
Bow
Strike
Pluck
36
How do you produce different notes on string instruments
Lengthening or shortening the strings
37
What family does the viola belong to
String
38
What family does the cello belong to
String
39
What family does the double bass belong to
String
40
What family does the flute belong to
Woodwind
41
How does a woodwind instrument make sound
Blowing over the hole/vibrating the reed
42
How are different notes produced on woodwind instruments
Covering different holes and pressing combinations of keys
43
How many reeds does an oboe have
2
44
What family does the oboe belong to
Woodwind
45
What family does the bassoon belong to
Woodwind
46
How many reeds does a bassoon have
1
47
How many reeds does a clarinet have
1
48
What family does the clarinet belong to
Woodwind
49
What family does the saxophone belong to
Woodwind
50
How many reeds does a saxophone have
1
51
What family does the trumpet belong to
Brass
52
How do brass instruments produce notes
Buzz lips against mouthpiece
53
How do brass instruments produce different notes
Pressing valves and different combination of valves
| Move the slide in different positions
54
What family does the French horn belong to
Brass
55
What family does the trombone belong to
Brass
56
What family does the euphonium belong to
Brass
57
What family does the tuba belong to
Brass
58
What family does the snare drum belong to
Percussion
59
How does the snare drum produce sound
Hit drumsticks against the head and snares vibrate
60
How does a snare drum produce different sounds
Hit with or without snares
| Hitting the rim
61
What family does the marimba belong to
Percussion
62
How does a marimba produce sound
Hitting the keys/bars
63
How does a marimba produce different sounds
Hit different keys
| Where you hit the instrument itself
64
What family does soprano belong to
Vocal
65
What family does alto belong to
Vocal
66
What family does tenor belong to
Vocal
67
What family does bass belong to
Vocal
68
What is the highest female voice
Soprano
69
What is the deepest female voice
Alto
70
What is the highest male voice
Tenor
71
What is the lowest male voice
Bass
72
How big the difference is between the high and low points of the waves
Amplitude
73
Loudness/softness of a note
Dynamic level
74
How often one wave peak goes by
Frequency
75
Difference between high and low points and produces a loud note
High amplitude
76
Lots of short waves and produces high notes
High frequency
77
Wave in the same direction they are moving
Longitudinal waves
78
Small differences between high and low points and produces a soft note
Low amplitude
79
Very few long waves and produces low notes
Low frequency
80
Waves in the air caused by vibrations
| Produces sound
Sound waves
81
Wave in a different direction than they are moving
Transverse waves
82
Distance from the high point of one wave to the next one
Wavelength
83
Sounds that are mixtures of all the different wavelengths
White noise
84
How is a soft note produced
Low amplitude
85
How is a loud note produced
High amplitude
86
How is a high note produced
High frequency
87
How is a low note produced
Low frequency
| Few waves
88
How is amplitude measured
Decibels
89
What is another name for amplitude
Ah
90
How do scientists measure how many wave peaks go by in one second
Hertz
91
What is another name for frequency
Pitch
92
What do we call sounds that are organized by people
Music
93
What is the Italian word for loud
Forte
94
What is the Italian work for soft
Piano
95
How are sound waves and water waves different
Sound waves are longitudinal
| Water waves are transverse
96
What are the names of the 3 bones in the ear
Hammer
Anvil
Stirrup
97
Why can't sound travel through empty space
The waves need a medium to travel through
98
What happens from the time sound waves enter your ears to the time the signal gets to your brain
The ear turns the signals in the wave into electrical nerve signals sent to your brain
99
What makes up your outer ear
Auditory canal --> ear drum
100
What makes up the middle part of your ear
Hammer
Anvil
Stirrup
101
What makes up the inner part of your ear
Cochlea
Corti
Auditory nerve
Brain
102
What is the path of sound waves from outer to inner ear
Auditory canal --> ear drum
Hammer --> anvil --> stirrup
Cochlea --> auditory nerve --> brain
103
A style of "art" music as distinguished from folk, jazz, or popular music
Classical
104
The customs, ideas, tastes, and beliefs acquired from a person's background
Culture
105
Making up music on the spot
Improvisation
106
A popular style of music that developed in America during the late 1800s and the early 1900s
Jazz
107
The distinct manner or character of musical expression
Musical style
108
The ability to discern musical characteristics and describe them
Perceptive listening
109
Who were the 2 classical composers listed in this chapter
Franz Joseph Hayden
| Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
110
Who made the first recording of authentic jazz
Louis Armstrong
111
Who started out as a classical musician but switched to jazz music
Wynton Marsalis
112
Who was the teacher of Louis Armstrong
Joseph "King" Oliver
113
Who is known as one of the greatest jazz singers of all time
Ella Fitzgerald
114
What are the characteristics of jazz music
```
Exuberant spirit
Improvisation
Simple
Heartfelt
Dancelike
Rhythmic
```
115
Name the places where jazz music developed
```
New York
Chicago
Kansas City
East Texas
New Orleans
```
116
What are the 3 internal characteristics of music
Means
Expression
Order
117
What are the 2 external characteristics of music
Origin
| Use
118
Why is America known as the "melting pot"
Immigrants came to America from everywhere
| We mix with people everyday who come from different cultures than we do
119
The quality of sound
Timbre
120
Scientists who study characteristics and customs of a group of people
Anthropologist
121
Professionals who study the music of different cultural groups
Enthomusicologist
122
The ability to look at the world from another's perspective; becoming familiar with and understanding music of other cultures gives us an understanding of someone else's viewpoint
Empathy
123
Warrior dance with great rhythmic energy and subtly expressed bravery, vitality, and brotherhood
From the Bamileke tribe
Celebrated ability and skill in battle, self-confidence, and manliness
Lali
124
Mixed culture
Mestizo
125
Mexican musical group with several violins, 2 trumpets, a bass guitar called a guitarron, a short 5 string rhythm guitar called a vihuela, and a 6 string guitar
Mariachi
126
Chinese style of opera that combines an orchestra with speaking, singing, acrobatic martial arts, and pantomime
Peking opera
127
Bass guitar from Mexico
Guitarron
128
Small 2-stringed bowed lute from China
Jinghu
129
A thin guitar from Mexico
Jarana
130
35-string harp from Mexico
Arpa
131
Round plucked lute from China
Yuegin
132
Large 2-stringed lute from China
Jing Erhu
133
Short 5-string rhythm guitar from Mexico
Vihuela
134
Four-string guitar from Mexico
Requinto jarocho
135
How do we become acquainted with the unwritten cultural traditions of other societies
Field recordings done by anthropologists
136
Which tribe is associated with the Lali
Bamileke
137
What are songs from the country in Mexico called
Cancion ranchera
138
What is the most well-known sons jaliscienses
La Negra "The Dark Woman"
139
What are traditional songs of Mexico called
Sones jarochos
140
What is one of the most famous sons jarochos
"La Bamba"
141
Where do the stories in the Peking Opera come from
Chinese history or folklore
142
What types of actors were in the cast
```
Ancient bearded men
Flirtatious girls
Women warriors
Generals and kings are presented in a larger-than-life manner
Clowns were portrayed as common people
```
143
How were the singers accompanied in the operas
String instruments:
Jinghu
Jing erhu
Yuegin
144
What string instrument accompanied the males in the operas
Jinghu
145
What string instrument accompanied the females in the operas
Jing erhu
146
What string instrument accompanied both the males and females in the operas
Yuegin
147
What accompanied the movements in the operas
Cymbals
Gongs
Bright sounding drum
Wood clapper
148
Where did the ensemble sit
On stage, in full view of the audience
149
What were the different parts that made up the operas
Speaking
Singing
Acrobatic martial arts
Pantomime
150
Describe how the Peking opera is different from the western opera
The Peking opera has a shrill tone quality and a higher vocal range
151
Without instruments
A cappella
152
Non-religious vocal works in several parts
Madrigal
153
Traveling poet-musician in Germany
Minnesinger
154
Markings over or under the text to signal pitch changes
Neumes
155
A compositional method in which 2 voice parts sing the same melody, one a perfect fourth or fifth higher than the other
Parallel organum
156
Music with no strict meter or accompaniment
| Sung by a single voice or unison choir
Plainsong
| Also known as plainchant
157
Written notation
Score
158
Non-religious
Secular
159
Based on verses from the bible (religious)
Sacred
160
Traveling poet-musicians from southern France
Troubadour
161
Traveling poet-musicians from northern France
Trouvere
162
A Benedictine monk who devised the first true system of staff notation
Based on a four-line staff
Guido of Arezzo
163
One of the most famous composers of the medieval era
First documented woman composer
Composed sacred music only for women
Hildegard Von Bingen
164
What role did the church play during the Medieval era
They assumed leadership roles in everything from politics to the arts
It's music was the foundation for western music
Biggest influence on daily life
165
What was the difference between secular and sacred music
Sacred was based on bible verses and had only voices
| Secular is not religious and had voices and instruments
166
List the 6 periods of music and gives the dates for each period
```
Medieval : 450-1450
Renaissance : 1450-1600
Baroque : 1600-1750
Classical : 1750-1825
Romantic : 1825-1900
Modern : 1900-present
```
167
What are the music characteristics of the Medieval era
```
Sacred
Plainsong
Monophonic
Heterophonic
Polyphonic
```
168
Who are the composers of the Medieval era
```
Hildegard Von Bingen
Guillaume de Machaut
John Dunstable
Phillipe de Vitry
Guillaume Dufay
```
169
Independent musical lines
counterpoint
170
Placing emphasis on human values
Humanism
171
Non-religious work sung in several parts
Madrigal
172
A polyphonic work based on a sacred text
Motet
173
Someone who supports an artist or musician so that they can work at their craft
Patron
174
Means "re-birth"
| Revival of the study of the Classical Greek & Roman eras
Renaissance
175
The sound of the music portrayed the meaning of the text
Word painting
176
What are the 5 parts of the mass
```
Gloria
Kyrie
Sanctus
Credo
Angus Dei
```
177
What was the main difference between the music of the Medieval era and the Renaissance era
Secular music joined sacred music
| Instrumental music joined music
178
What nationality was Thomas Weelkes and what type of music did he write
English
| Sacred, secular, and known for his madrigals
179
What nationality was Michael Praetorius and what type of music did he write
German
Sacred hymns, motets, and songs
Secular madrigals, songs, and dancing pieces
180
Who are the famous composers from the Renaissance period
```
Michael Praetorius
Thomas Weelkes
Josquin des Prez
Giovanni da Palestrina
William Byrd
Thomas Morley
Giovanni Gabrielli
```
181
What are the musical characteristics of the Renaissance period
Polyphony
| Counterpoint
182
What are the types of music during the Renaissance period
Mass
Motet
Madrigals
183
Basic emotional states
Affections
184
A section in a piece of music
Movement
185
Play set to music and staged with orchestra
Opera
186
An instrumental work for a solo instrument performing alone or with accompaniment, in 3 contrasting movements, such as fast-slow-fast or loud-soft-loud
Sonata
187
Layered dynamic levels
Terraces dynamics
188
Accompaniment would consist of a harpsichord sounding the chords and a viola da gamba reinforcing the bass line
Continuo
189
Where does the term "Baroque" come from
A French word for "imperfect" or "irregular" pearl
| Means an extravagant style
190
What 2 words describe Baroque architecture and music
Exuberant
| Emotional
191
How were Baroque characteristics shown in the music
```
Repetitive
Embellishment/ornamentation
Terraced dynamics
Basic emotional states
Instrumental music became more important
```
192
What are the 4 affections mentioned in the Baroque section
Love
Sorrow
Fear
Anger
193
What types of music started to become more prominent and important in the Baroque era
Secular
| Instrumental
194
What were some new forms of music during the Baroque era
Sonata
Cantatas
Oratorios
Opera
195
A way of speaking musically
Combination of singing and speaking
Events of the story were told through these
Recitative
196
Marks a pause in the storytelling while a character reacts to events
Aria
197
In what year did opera make its debut
1600
198
How many of Monteverdi's operas still exist today
3
199
Who are the composers from the Baroque era
```
Johann Sebastian Bach
George Frederic Handel
Antonio Vivaldi
Claudio Monteverdi
Domenico Scarlatti
```
