geography "Transcaucasia" Flashcards
what religions do most people belong to
Christian
Muslim
how many different groups of people live in Transcaucasia and why
50
there are so many trade routes
What are the oldest Christian states
Armenia
Georgia
What state has the greatest majority of Muslims
Azerbaijan
What year did the czar add Transcaucasia to the Russian empire
1870s
What year did the red army take control of the region for the soviet union
1920s
When did Transcaucasia regain political independence
1991
What group produces famous wines
What do they use to produce this wine
Georgians
Grapes cultivated along the black sea
What industry is most important to the region
Oil
What state holds most of the oil
Azerbaijan
What rate in this region is among the highest in the world
Why is this
Literacy rates
The educational programs of the Soviet Union
What does Central Asia consist of
Kazakstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Uzbekistan
Who struggled for control of the region in the 19th century
British and Russian empires
Who did both the Russian and British empires recruit
Daring young officers who made journeys in disguise
Who seized control between the British and Russian empires
When
Russia
End of the 19th century
When did scientist explode nuclear devices
Where was it
How many did they explode
Between 1949 and 1989
Kazakhstan
470
How many people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation
Over a million
People with no permanent home
Nomads
What area is ideal for nomadic people
The expansive grasslands of Central Asia
What is among the most valuable possessions of the nomads
Their tents (yurts)
The countries of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, located on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea
Baltic republics
What counties make up the Baltic republics
Where are they located
Latvia
Lithuania
Estonia
Eastern coast of the Baltic Sea
The emperor of Russia prior to the Russian revolution of 1917 and the subsequent creation of the Soviet Union in 1922
Czar
The revolt of 1917, in which the Russian communists party, led by V.I. Lenin, took control of the government from the czars
Russian revolution
Formed in 1922 by the communists and officially dissolved in 1991
USSR
The conflict between the USA and the Soviet Union after WWII, called this because it never escalated into open warfare
Cold War
a type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which usually owns the means of production
Command economy
An enormous farm in the Soviet Union on which a large team of laborers were gathered to work together during Joseph Stalin’s reign
Collective farm
The name of the soviet union’s military
Red army
Who’s reign did collective farms come together during
Joseph Stalin
The 4000-mile route between China and the Mediterranean Sea, named for the costly silk acquired in China
Silk Road
A tent of Central Asia’s nomads
Yurt
What did the Silk Road contribute to
The growth of magnificent trading cities such as Samarguand
What did the people say happened after they replaced the old system
There is a vacuum
What has the test for many leaders been
how to preserve law and order without returning to the undemocratic rule of the Soviet era
What state in the USA is the Caucasus about the size of
California
What republic that remained part of Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union has experienced the worst violence
Chechnya
What happened to Chechnya after Russia invaded it twice in the 1900s
it caused over 100,000 casualties
What happened in March 2010 in Chechnya
Who were named responsible
Bombs exploded in a Moscow subway killing or injuring dozens
Widows of Chechen
Who fought over a mountain range and what is the name of it
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Nagorno-Karabakh
How long did the fighting over the territory last
Who won in the end
On and off for 6 years
Armenia
How much did the price of many goods increase by
250%
What happened by the end of the 20th century
over 60% of the country’s workforce worked in the private sector by the end of the 20th century
What happened by the end of the 1990s
Nearly 40% of the Russian population lived far below the poverty line
What did the government estimate in 1998
That organized criminals controlled 40% of private companies and 60% of state-owned enterprises
