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Flashcardlet > Health Ch8 > Flashcards

Health Ch8 Flashcards

0
Q

The chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy

A

Metabolism

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1
Q

Substances that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth repair body tissue, and obtain energy

A

Nutrients

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2
Q

The amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is measured in this unit

A

Calories

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3
Q

Nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Supply energy for your body’s functions

A

Carbohydrates

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4
Q

Type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants and is necessary for the proper functioning of the digestive system

A

Fiber

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5
Q

Nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Supply your body with energy, form your cells, maintain body temperature, and protects your nerves

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

Have at least one unsaturated bond in a place where hydrogen can be added to the molecule
Found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds

A

Unsaturated fats

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7
Q

Fats that have all the hydrogen the carbon atoms can hold

Animals fats such as lard and dairy products that can cause heart disease

A

Saturated fats

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8
Q

A waxy, fatlike substance that is found only in animal products
May cause plaque buildup and block blood flow leading to the heart

A

Cholesterol

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9
Q

made when manufacturers add hydrogen to the fat molecules in vegetable oils to keep foods fresher longer

A

Trans fat

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10
Q

Serves as a source of energy, most importantly assist in the growth and repair of body tissue

A

Proteins

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11
Q

Small units that are bound together chemically to form proteins

A

Amino acids

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12
Q

What are the 6 classes of nutrients

A 
Carbohydrates 
Fats 
Proteins 
Vitamins 
Minerals 
Water
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13
Q

Which 3 nutrients supply your body with energy

A

Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins

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14
Q

What are simple carbohydrates

A

Also known as simple sugars or fast carbs

The body breaks them down faster and may give you short bursts of energy

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15
Q

What are 3 examples of simple carbohydrates

A

Fruits
Vegetables
Milk

16
Q

What are complex carbohydrates

A

Sugars that are linked together also known as complex sugars or slow carbs
The body breaks them down slower giving you longer lasting energy

17
Q

What are 3 examples of complex carbohydrates

A 
Rice 
Cereal 
Wheat 
Potatoes 
Pasta
18
Q

Why might a high fiber diet be healthful

A

Helps prevent constipation, may reduce risk of colon cancer, may help prevent heart disease

19
Q

What are some examples of foods that will provide a good source of fiber

A 
Whole-grains breads and cereals 
Vegetables 
Fruits 
Nuts 
Beans 
Seeds
20
Q

Why might complex carbohydrates be better for you than simple carbohydrates

A

The excess carbohydrates are stored as fat if all your body’s glycogen-caused by simple carbohydrates-stores are full

21
Q

What are the 2 types of unsaturated fats

A

Monounsaturated

Polyunsaturated

22
Q

Why are the 2 types of unsaturated fats important

A

A balance between mono & poly in the diet is important for cardiovascular health and can help fight heart disease

23
Q

A nutrient that is made by living things, is required in small amounts, and assists in chemical reactions in the body

A

Vitamin

24
Q

A vitamin that helps protect healthy cells from the damage caused by the normal aging process as well as from certain types of cancer

A

Antioxidant

25
Q

A nutrient that occurs naturally in rocks or soil; needed by the body in small amounts

A

Mineral

26
Q

A condition in which the red blood cells do not contain enough hemoglobin
One may feel weak, tired, and may become sick easily

A

Anemia

27
Q

The process of maintaining a healthy state inside the body

A

Homeostasis

28
Q

A dissolved substance in water that regulates many processes in cells

A

Electrolytes

29
Q

A serious reduction in the body’s water content

75% of the brain is made of water

A

Dehydration

30
Q

How are vitamins and minerals different

A

Vitamins are made by living things

Minerals occur naturally in rocks or soil

31
Q

What role does water play in the body

A

Nearly all of the body’s chemical reactions, including those that produce energy and build new tissues, get rid of waste, and aids in digestion

32
Q

Essential ingredient in the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth

A

Calcium

33
Q

Maintains water balance and makes proteins

Helps the functioning of the heart and nervous system

A

Potassium

34
Q

Necessary for healthy red blood cells that carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body using hemoglobin and energy metabolism

A

Iron

35
Q

Important in the functioning of the heart and water balance

A

Sodium

36
Q

How much water should you consume daily if you are female 14 to 18 years old

A

Ten 8-ounce cups

37
Q

How much water should you consume daily if you are male 14-18 years old

A

Fourteen 8-ounce cups

38
Q

What are the 4 dietary guidelines

A

Make smart food choices
Balance food and physical activity
Get the most nutrients out of your calories
Handle food safely

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