Art History "Early Renaissance" Flashcards
Foreshortening
A method of drawing or painting an object or person that is not parallel to the picture plane
Tondo
A round-shapes painting
Comminssion
Order for the paintings and various artworks to be made
Patron
A wealthy and/or influential supporter of an artist or writer
Relief
A sculptural surface which is not freestanding, but projects from a background
Contrapposto
Technique of sculpting a human figure in a pose that shows the weight of the body on balance
The shoulders and hips counterbalance each other
Foreground
Part of the picture plane that appears closest to the viewer
Usually at the bottom of a picture
Middle ground
An area in a picture between the foreground and the background
Background
Part of the picture plane that appears farthest from the viewer
Allegory/Allegorical
Symbolic of truths or generalization about the human nature
Still-Life
A group of inanimate objects arranged to be painted or drawn; also, a painting or drawing of such an arrangement
View Finder
A piece of paper or poster board with an area cut from the middle
Cupola
A rounded convex roof on a circular base
A dome of small size
Baptistery
An area in which the Sacrament of Baptism is administered, either within an area of a church or as a separate building
Fresco
A method of painting in which pigments suspended in water are applied to a thin layer of wet plaster so that the plaster absorbs the color and the painting becomes part of the wall
Free-Standing
Refers to sculpture that can be viewed from all sides/angles; also called in-the-round
Linear Perspective
A system of drawing or painting to give the illusion of depth on a flat surface
All parallel lines receding into the distance are drawn to one or more imaginary vanishing points on the horizon in such a work
Aerial Perspective
A method of creating the illusion of distance by representing objects further away with less clarity of contour and in diminished color
Also called “atmospheric perspective”
Portrait
The image of a person’s face, made of any sculptural material or any two-dimensional medium
Landscape
A work of art that shows the features of the natural environment
Filippo Brunelleschi
Designed the “crown jewel” of the Florentine landscape, the CUPOLA
Cupola
140 feet in diameter
300 feet above the floor
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Designed the doors for the north side of the baptistry of Florence
Gates of Paradise
The doors that Ghiberti designed for the baptistry are called this
They use relief
Donatello
Greatest sculptor of his time
Medici
Donatello was closely intertwined with this family
What did “David” symbolize
The victory of the small and self-sufficient over the brute force of much larger opponents
God’s victory over evil and sin
What is significant about David
First life-size free-standing nude since ancient times
Masaccio
Used light as never before seen in a painting
Tribute Money
done by Masaccio
three-part yet one painting (tells three parts of one whole story)
Fra Angelico
Florentine master of LANDSCPAE painting
Guido di Piero
Fra Angelico’s real name
Fra Angelico
painted the “Adoration of the Magi” which is a fresco painting and “The Annunciation”
Paolo Uccello
Made a linear diagram of a 72-sided polyhedron-(solid form made of planes faces)
The Battle of San Romano
Shown in the museums
Ufizzi
Louvre
National
Peiro Della Francesca
Spent several years around 1439 in Florence studying the works of Massaccio, Fra Angelico, and Brunelleschi
Form from Massaccio
Light from Fra Angelico
Scientific Perspective from Brunelleschi
This is what Della Francesca learned from the three artists
Legend of the True Cross
Peiro painted this and it uses depth and precision
Sandro Botticelli
A master of delicate lines
Venus
Goddess of love
Spring
This symbolizes Christ, Baptism, and John the Baptist in “The Birth of Venus”
Andrea Mantegna
Master in FORM and ANATOMY
Dead Christ
Uses extreme foreshortening
Giovanni Bellini
Developed a richness of color and depth of value with OIL PAINTING unequaled in Italy at the time
