Phy Sci 3RD NINE WEEKS EXAM Flashcards
0
Q
Solids, liquids, and gases are three forms of matter that
A
Take up space
Have mass
Are made of atoms
1
Q
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
A
Atom
2
Q
How many atoms are there in a single molecule of Fe2O3
A
5
3
Q
A not pure substance
A
Mixture
4
Q
Is iron an element
A
Yes
5
Q
Is salt an element
A
No
6
Q
A group of atoms that act as a unit
A
Compound
7
Q
What is the chemical compound for table sugar
A
C12H22O11
8
Q
What is the chemical compound for water
A
H2O
9
Q
What is the chemical compound for rust
A
Fe2O3
10
Q
What is the chemical compound for copper
A
Cu
11
Q
Diamond is known for its what
A
Hardness
12
Q
Why is helium used in balloons
A
It is lighter than air
13
Q
What kind of property is reactivity
A
Chemical
14
Q
What kind of property is density
A
Physical
15
Q
An object’s volume can be found by dividing its mass by its
A
Density
16
Q
Is the ability to rust a physical property
A
No
17
Q
What property of a substance is not affected by chemical change
A
Reactivity
18
Q
What do the different substances in a mixture keep
A
Their properties
19
Q
What is one example of a potential sign of chemical change
A
Change in color
20
Q
How can chemical changes be reversed
A
By chemical changes
21
Q
Can burning cause a chemical change
A
Yes
22
Q
Can shattering cause a chemical change
A
No
23
Q
Does dissolving salt result in a mixture
A
Yes
24
Does baking a cake result in a mixture
No
25
When does a chemical change occur
When new substances form
26
What tool is best for separating a mixture of sand and water
Filter
27
Is evaporating a physical change
Yes
28
What do chemical changes effect
Physical and chemical properties
29
What do physical changes effect
Physical properties
30
The chemical element that is most abundant in the human body
Oxygen
31
How is a molecule of water (H2O) made
Chemically combining 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom
32
A material that can be represented by a chemical formula
Pure substance
33
Is evaporation of water a potential sign of chemical change
No
34
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
Atom
35
Is a mixture a pure substance
No
36
A group of atoms that acts as a unit
Molecule
37
Is reactivity a chemical property
Yes
38
Is density a physical property
Yes
39
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
40
The smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance
Molecule
41
What is made up of at least 2 different types of atoms
Compound
42
Unlike a mixture, a pure substance has
A fixed composition
43
Stainless steel has chemical properties such as
Resistance to rust
44
Digesting food is an example of
Chemical change
45
The science of what matter is made of and how it changes
Chemistry
46
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Element
47
Knowing the chemical properties of a substance will tell you how the substance ...
Reacts with other substances
48
Is dissolving salt in water a physical or chemical change
Physical
49
When the identity of a substance is changed
Chemical change
50
What kind of change can a change in color help you detect
Chemical
51
What is the formula for mass
Density
––––––––
Volume
52
What is the formula for density
Mass
–––––––
Volume
53
What is the formula for volume
Mass
–––––––
Density
54
What does the kinetic theory of matter state about matter
The atoms and molecules of a substance are always in motion
The higher the temperature of a substance, the faster it's particles move
More massive particles move slower than less massive ones
55
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Thermal energy
56
All matter is made of atoms and molecules that are
Always in motion
57
What is matter made of
Atoms and molecules that are always in motion
58
The particles can slide past each other, but are still packed together
Liquid
59
The particles have broken down and become ionized
Plasma
60
The particles are in a rigid, fixed structured
Solid
61
The particles are in constant motion and rarely stick together
Gas
62
The process of a solid changing directly into a gas
Sublimation
63
What does the law of conservation of mass state
Total mass stays the same in changes of state
64
What does the law of conservation of energy state
A substance has the same energy before and after a change of state
65
What happens to energy when ice melts to form liquid
It is released
66
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid
Freezing point
67
Why does the engine of a car left running for a long period of time become hot
Energy is transformed from burning gasoline
68
Why does a substance change from a liquid to a gas during evaporation
Energy is released
69
What happens to the particles of a substance when it condenses
They slow down and clump together
70
Who described the notion that an object floats if the buoyant force on the object is equal to the object's weight
Archimedes
71
When does an object float
If the buoyant force on the object is equal to the object's wright
72
What is the ability of an object to float on a fluid influenced by
Buoyant force of a fluid
Density of the object
Density of the fluid
73
What does Pascal's principle state
A contained fluid exerts pressure equally in all directions
74
What is the calculation for pressure
Force
–––––––––––––––––––––––
Area the force is exerted
75
A measure of the resistance to flow of a fluid
Viscosity
76
What influences the speed at which fluid flows through a pipe
Flow rate of the fluid
Viscosity of the fluid
Cross-sectional area of the pipe
77
What happens to speed as the pressure of a moving liquid increases
It decreases
78
Who's principle describes the property of a fluid in motion
Bernoulli
79
What does Bernoulli's principal describe
The property of a fluid in motion
80
Upward force exerted on an object immersed tp floating on a liquid
Buoyant force
81
Measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in the object
Temperature
82
What determines the speed of the atoms and molecules of a particular substance
Size of the atoms and molecules
| Temperature of the substance
83
The change of state from a liquid to a gas
Evaporation
84
The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be
Created or destroyed
85
Why does ice float in water
It is less dense than water
86
Gay-Lussac's law relates what
The temperature of a gas to its pressure
87
Whose law relates the temperature of a gas to its pressure
Gay-Lussac's
88
What happens to the pressure of a fixed amount of gas as it's temperature decreases
It decreases
89
As the volume of a fixed amount of gas decreases, what happens to its pressure
Increases
90
Force
––––– is the calculation for what
Area
Preside
91
Whose principle describes the property of a fluid in motion
Bernoulli
92
As the temperature of a gas at constant volume decreases, what happens to its pressure
It decreases
93
Why are gases unique in comparison to solids and liquids
They are easily compressible
94
As the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature decreases, what happens to its volume
It increases
95
What law is illustrated by the equation P1V1 = P2V2
Boyle's law
96
What equation illustrates Boyle's law
P1V1 = P2V2
97
Why does the volume of a has decrease when the pressure increases
Gas particles are pushed together when the pressure is increased
98
What about plasma is unlike gas
It conducts electric current
99
What two things does Charles's law relate
The volume of a gas to its temperature
100
Whose law relates the volume of a gas to its temperature
Charles
101
When a fixed sample of gas increases in temperature, what happens to its pressure
It increases
102
What does the kinetic theory help explain the difference between
States of matter
103
A gas becomes a liquid through a process called
Condensation
104
Boyle's law relates what two things
Volume of a gas to pressure
105
Who's law relates the volume of a gas to its pressure
Boyle's
106
When a fixed sample of has increases in volume, it must also do what
Decrease in pressure
107
Why was Democritus's original atomic theory revised
It didn't have a scientific basis
108
What does Dalton's atomic theory state
Atoms cannot be divided
Atoms of an element are alike
Atoms of different elements form compounds
109
A subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Electron
110
Who determined that atoms could be divided
Thomson
111
What experiment did Thomson use
Cathode-ray
112
What is Thomson responsible for discovering
That atoms have electrons
113
What kind of charge do neutrons have
Neutral / none
114
What is an atom's nucleus made of
Protons
| Neutrons
115
In whose model do negative electrons orbit a positively charged nucleus
Rutherford
116
Whose model determined that an atom's positive charge is concentrated in the atom's center
Rutherford
117
What is Avogadro's number useful for
Counting atoms
118
What is the charge of an atom
Neutral
119
How much effect do commonly found isotopes have on the average atomic mass of an element
More than rarely found isotopes
120
What is an element's atomic number equal to
It's number of protons
121
Two different isotopes of an element have different what
Number of neutrons
122
What is the mass number of an element that has 19 protons, 19 electrons, and 20 neutrons
39
123
How many electrons can fit in the first level
2
124
How many electrons can fit in the second level
8
125
How many electrons can fit in the third level
18
126
How many electrons can fit in the fourth level
32
127
After the fourth level, how many electrons can fit in each level
32
128
A sodium atom, which has 11 electrons, has how many valence electrons
1
129
What does Bohr's model state that is unlike the modern model of the atom
Electrons move in set paths around the nucleus of an atom
130
What are the four types of orbitals
s
d
p
f
131
When does an electron jump to a new energy level
When the atom gains or loses energy
132
The number of energy levels filled in an atom is determined by what
Electrons
133
How many electrons can each orbital hold up to
2
134
What determines the number of electrons each level can hold
Orbitals
135
Found in the outer energy level of an atom
Valence electron
136
Where electrons are likely to be found in an atom
Orbital
137
Unit or quantum of light
Photon
138
What happens to an electron when it gains energy
Excited state
139
Why was Dalton's atomic theory accepted
There was evidence to support it
140
Why do atoms have no electric charge
They have an equal number of protons and electrons
141
According to the new model of the atom, what do electrons behave like
Waves on a vibrating string
142
It is nearly impossible to determine an electron's what
Exact position
143
Valence electrons determine an atom's what
Chemical properties
144
A mole is an SI base unit that describes what
Volume of a substance
145
If the atomic mass of carbon is 12u, 1 mole of pure carbon will have a mass of what
12g
146
Who's original atomic theory revised because it didn't have a scientific basis
It didn't have a scientific basis
147
What did Thomson determine about atoms
That they could be divided
148
How much effect do commonly found isotopes have on the average atomic mass of an element
More than rarely found isotopes
149
An element's atomic number is equal to its number of
Protons
150
An element's atomic number is equal to its number of
Protons
151
According to Rutherford's model of the atom, electrons behave like what
Planets orbiting the sun
152
According to Rutherford's model of the atom, electrons behave like what
Planets orbiting the sun
153
According to Bohr's theory, an electron's path around the nucleus defines its what
Energy level
154
According to Bohr's theory, an electron's path around the nucleus defines its what
Energy level
155
A unified atomic mass unit is equal to
One-twelfth her mass of a carbon-12 atom
156
A unified atomic mass unit is equal to
One-twelfth her mass of a carbon-12 atom
157
Molar mass is defined as what
The mass in grams of one mole of a substance
158
Molar mass is defined as what
The mass in grams of one mole of a substance
