geography FINAL EXAM!!! Flashcards
What percent of Nigerians speak English
1%
Explain what the phrase “the sun never sets on the British empire” mean
There are so many countries and nations in the British empire that at least one is always where the sun is. The countries span so far that when it is dark in some, it is light in others. The sun is never completely set on the British empire
What is most commonly spoken
Niger Congo
What desert is slightly larger than the Mojave
An-Nafud
What is the only lotus in taller than the tallest in the U.S.
Mt. Everest
What mountains cut off turkey and Iran
Zagros & Touris mountains
What is the Israel land relation in 1967 and 1948
They have smaller than in 1967 but more than in 1948
What nation is in possession of the Sinai peninsula today
Egypt
What four nations surround the Golan heights
Who controls the area
Syria, Jordan, Israel, and Lebanon
Israel
What percent of the population is Kurdish
Where are the Kurds found in the region
9%
Northwest (Lebanon, Turkey)
What area has holy places for 3 major religions
Israel
What energy sources are found in the region
Oil
Petroleum
Natural gas
What is the main economic activity in the region
Nomadic farming and herding
What countries are poor based on doctors, literacy rate, televisions, and passenger cars
Jordan
Afghanistan
Iraq
Syria
What countries border the Persian gulf
Shiraz Basra Kuwait Manama Bahrain Doha Quatar Oman
Where were several ancient river valley civilizations located
Along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
What do refineries do
Take crude oil and transform it into something useful
Where would you find a salt desert
Iran
Southwest Asia forms a land bridge connecting
Asia
Africa
Europe
The most distinctive landform in southwest Asia is the Arabian peninsula which is surrounded by what on the southwest and what on the east
Red Sea
Persian gulf
On the southwest side of the Arabian peninsula is a opening to the Mediterranean Sea- the
Suez Canal
The Anatolian peninsula is located between what two seas
Black
Mediterranean
River beds that remain dry except during the rainy seasons
Wadis
What mountains of Afghanistan are linked with other ranges of mountains that frame Southern Asia
Kush
What river has no outer to the sea
It’s water single with the salty waters of the what
Jordan River
Dead Sea
A landlocked salt lake
Dead Sea
The most abundant resource in southwest asia
Oil
A scarce resource in southwest asia
Water
What kind of climate prevails in parts of southwest Asia
Mediterranean
What is the most famous desert in the region
Also known as the Empty Quarter
The temperature on the surface of the sand often exceeds 186°F
Rub al-Khali
Severe sandstorms and brutal heat make this desert a barrier to travel across the Arabian peninsula
An-Nufad
When winds evaporate the moisture in the soil, chemical salts remain cresting a
Salt flat
Along the Mediterranean coast and most of turkey, hot summers and rainy winters create a good climate for growing
Citrus fruits
Olives
Vegetables
What project in Israel carries water from the north of the country to the sites in the center and south of the nation
National Water Carrier
The removal of salt from ocean water
Desalinization
Water pumped from underground aquifers
Fossil water
The first southwest Asia oil discovery was in
1907 in Persia, now known as Iran
Petroleum that has not been processed
Crude oil
Some towns in the Arabian peninsula served as trade centers for
Caravans
Other cities were ports where goods were exchanged from the
Silk Roads in East Asia
Indian Ocean trade from South Asia
Mediterranean Sea trade from Europe
Nomad dwellers who moved across the peninsula from oasis to oasis
Bedouins
Monotheistic religion based on the teachings of its founder the Prophet Muhammad
Islam
The basic duties of Islamic people
Five pillars
What language spread across southwest Asia as a result of armies of muslin fighters moving across the desert
Arabic
Religious leaders controlled the government
Theocratic
After the 1900s, much of southwest Asia fell under the control of
British
France
A daring leader who consolidated power over large areas of this subregion
Abdul-al-Aziz
In 1960, a group of oil-producing nations, including Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, that established an organization to coordinate policies on selling petroleum
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
When must Muslims pray
Dawn Noon Mid-afternoon Sunset Before bed
Muslims fast during the month of
Ramadan
What three monotheistic religious claim Jerusalem as a holy city
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
What is religious for Jews about Jerusalem
The Western Wll
What shrine in Jerusalem houses the spot where Muslims believe the prophet Muhammad rose into heaven
Dome of the Rock
Who hated the French and in the 1920s and 1930s rebelled against them
Syrians
What became independent in 1943
Lebanon
What gained independence in 1946
Syria
What makes up the majority of people who live in the countries if the eastern Mediterranean
Muslim Arabs
Since the seventh century, Lebanon has been a refuge for both
Muslims
Christians
What is a land with a tremendous variety of immigrants
Israel
Where were the terrorists responsible for the attacks on 9/11 being harbored
Afghanistan
In May 2011, U.S. Troops found and killed who
He had been living where for some time
Osama bin Laden
Pakistan
What is Afghanistan’s most profitable crop
Opium
What are the nations in this subregion include
Turkey
Iran
Iraq
Afghanistan
After the death of Muhammed, what two main branches did Muslims divide into
Sunni
Shi’ite
How many Muslims are Sunni
Most who are Shi’ite
Four out of five
Iranians
Who has the largest refugee population of any nation in the world
Iran
Who was protecting Osama and his al-Qaeda terrorist network in Afghanistan
A fundamentalist Muslim politician group called the Taliban
During 2006, how many Iraqi civilians were killed
More than 34,000
Who have been called a stateless nation
The Kurds
What happened between 1980 and 1990
Iran and Iraq fought a war over control of oil fields
Who was removed from power and later executed
Saddam
Who does Taliban violence often target
Women
Girls seeking an education
What happened on March 16, 1988
How many Kurds died
Iraqi Air Force planes released poisonous gases over the Kurdish town of Halabja, Iraq
An estimated 5,000
An ethnic group in southwest Asia
Kurds
Lines which run north and south
Longitude lines (Meridians)
MR. HELP
Movement Region Human- Environment Interaction Location Place
What kind of maps display countries and states and where they are in relation to one another
Political
The exact place is what step in the geography theme of Location
Absolute
Where something is in relation to something else
Relative location
What map element is better known as a map key
Legend
Of the 5 oceans in the world, which is the largest
Pacific
Which lines run east and west and never crossover
Also called parallels
Latitude lines
What is the study of the Earth’s surface and the process that shapes it
Geography
Which map displays elevation
Physical map
Which continent is the largest
Asia
Someone who makes maps
Cartographer
The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior between and among societies
Diffusion
More and more people moving to cities
Urbanization
People who come into a country
Immigrants
People who leave a country
Emigrants
Cities with over 10million people
What city is the largest in the world
Megacities
Tokyo with 35 million people
What region is generally considered to be the wealthiest in the U.S.
Northeast
Which region of the U.S. has the most mountains
West
Which region of the U.S. is full of plains
Midwest
Name some territories of the U.S.
Name some that aren’t
Puerto Rico
American Samoa
Newfoundland
What are the four regions of the United States
South
Midwest
West
Northeast
What can both tie us to some people and separate us from others
Culture
The way of life of a group of people
Culture
The hubcity of the Midwest is
Chicago
The hubcity of the south
Atlanta
The region of the USA known as “the heartland”
Midwest
The region of the USA known as the “rust belt”
South
The process of breaking up a region into small, mutually hostile units
Balkanization
What provided more than 95% of Egyptians with water
Nile River
What is Africa’s highest peak
Mount Kilimanjaro
A location where temperatures can reach 122°F in the summer and can fall below freezing at night in winter
The Sahara
If you were gazing at wildebeest through tall grass, where would you be
The Serengeti
What is Africa’s population
Over a billion people
How many countries are in Africa
Over 50
Who owned the most land in Africa during the colonial period
Great Britain
France
Where is the Serengeti plain located
East Africa
What spread from Asia to Europe and caused the deaths of millions of people
Bubonic plague
Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland are part of Northern Europe but more specifically the
Nordic Countries
What was the city-state that produced the first democracy
Athens
The Vikings were ancient inhabitants of
Then Nordic countries
A series of wars between Christians and Muslims
Crusades
In the 1980s, the Soviet Union had this reasonable young leader come to power who worked with the west much more than his predecessors had
Mikhael Gorbachev
What currency is used throughout most of Europe today
Euro
What are the countries in the U.K.
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
What are the Nordic countries
Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden
The communist leader who kept Yugoslavia independent of Soviet Rule and managed to calm ethnic tensions
Josip Broz Tito
A Serbian leader who was arrested for war crimes and died in prison
Slobodan Milosevic
The fertile soil found on the Northern European plain
Chernozem
The Northern European plain is located on which border of Russia
Western
What is Russia’s present day capital city
Moscow
The oldest and deepest lake in the world
Holds 20% of the world’s freshwater
Lake Baikal
What plain lies between the Ural Mountains and the Central Siberian Plateau
West Siberian plain
Where are the biggest cities in Russia found
The Northern European plain
The country known for being the site of Russian nuclear testing during the time of the Cold War
Kazakhstan
To prevent wars over Africa, fourteen European nations came together at the
Berlin Conference
Why was the Berlin conference not beneficial to the African people
They were moved and put next to religious groups that they didn’t get along with
What diseases have a major impact on Africa because of their poor healthcare
Malaria
AIDS
Ebola
The largest cultural and religious influence in north africa
Islam
Russia’s “window to the west”
St. Petersburg
The Russian prison
Gulag
Tensions between the USA and Russia
Called this because it never broke out into real fighting
Cold War
What happened in Ukraine
The nuclear plant in Chernobyl exploded
2 people killed in the immediate explosion
28 workers died later
Who was the Russian leader that installed pro-soviet governments in Eastern Europe (where his armies had liberated them from Nazi Germany) after WWII
Joseph Stalin
The current leader of Russia
Worked in Ukraine
Vladimir Putin
