Pediatrics Neurologic

Question 1

_______ is increased accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 1

Hydrocephalus

Question 2

An ____ drains cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 2

EVD

Question 3

You should ____ the EVD when repositioning.

Answer 3

clamp

Question 4

The EVD should be leveled with the ____.

Answer 4

tragus

Question 5

A VP shunt drains extra CSF into the ____ where it can be excreted as urine.

Answer 5

abdomen

Question 6

A ventricle is ____ in the brain.

Answer 6

space in the brain

Question 7

Can patients with a VP shunt travel on an airplane?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

Can patients with a VP shunt use an MRI?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

_____ _____ in peds is d/t damage to immature brain most often before birth.

Answer 9

Cerebral Palsy

Question 10

Cerebral Palsy causes disorder in ____, ____ tone, and ____.

Answer 10

movement, muscle tone, and posture

Question 11

What are some movement/coordination assessment findings you will see in CF patients?

Answer 11

1. tremors
2. ataxia (loss of muscle control)
3. stiff muscles
4. spasticity (abnormal muscle tightness)

Question 12

CF patients struggling with speech and eating can develop ____ ____ _____.

Answer 12

failure to thrive

Question 13

There is no ____ for CP.

Answer 13

no cure

Question 14

Since patients have spasticity they take muscle relaxants such as _____.

Answer 14

baclofen

Question 15

The nervous system develops from the ____ ____.

Answer 15

neural tube

Question 16

low ___ ___ intake can impair neural tube development.

Answer 16

folic acid

Question 17

Spina bifida is d/t failure of the ____ to close with protrusion of neural tube contents.

Answer 17

vertebrae

Question 18

Meningocele is a ___ spina bifida.

Answer 18

closed

Question 19

Myelomeningocele is an ___ spina bifida.

Answer 19

open

Question 20

_____ protrusion of spinal fluid - filled meninges through a vertebral defect.

Answer 20

meningocele

Question 21

____ is protrusion of spinal fluid-filled meninges AND the spinal cord through a vertebral defect.

Answer 21

myelomeningocele

Question 22

Which spina bifida is less severe?

Answer 22

closed meningocele

Question 23

What is a key assessment you will see in newborn patients with spinabifida.

Answer 23

sacral dimple or tuft of hair

Question 24

Patients should be in ___ position pre-op before surgery.

Answer 24

prone position

Question 25

No ____ if the defect is low - keep the sac clean with a ___ ___. (Spina bifida)

Answer 25

diapering / protective barrier

Question 26

Spina bifida patients should remain ____ until the surgical site is healed.

Answer 26

prone

Question 27

Microcephaly is a head circumference that is ___ ____ ____.

Answer 27

smaller than normal

Question 28

What are some causes of microcephaly. (4)

Answer 28

1. Zika
2. Rubella
3. Baricella
4. Cytomegalovirus

Question 29

Can drug and alcohol use cause microcephaly?

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

What are some assessment findings in microcephaly? (4)

Answer 30

1. seizures
2. impaired cognitive development
3. dwarfism
4. delayed speech development

Question 31

Can a child with microcephaly return to having a normal size?

Answer 31

NO