Nervous System - Disorders

Question 1

What are 3 causes of hydrocephalus?

Answer 1

1. tumor
2. hemorrhage
3. Infection

Question 2

You can treat hydrocephalus with a ____ or ____ _____.

Answer 2

EVD or VP shunt

Question 3

It’s important to keep the EVD level with the _____ ______ ____ ____.

Answer 3

tragus of the ear

Question 4

When a patient with EVD stands up you need to ______ the drain.

Answer 4

clamp

Question 5

A VP shunt drains the extra CSF to the?

Answer 5

abdomen (excreted in the urine)

Question 6

What is a atonic seizure?

Answer 6

A seizure where there is abrupt loss of muscle tone for a few seconds, then confusion.

Question 7

This seizure there is no loss of consciousness, may experience twitching, sensory changes, or autonomic symptoms.

Answer 7

Simple seizure

Question 8

This type of seizure is impaired consciousness ranging from confusion to syncope and/or non-responsiveness.

Answer 8

complex

Question 9

lorazepam is _____ acting.

Answer 9

rapid acting

Question 10

What should you never do with anticonvulsant medications?

Answer 10

Stop taking abruptly

Question 11

Phenytoin is ____ acting.

Answer 11

long acting

Question 12

When a client is having seizures you can _____ ______ head.

Answer 12

cushion their

Question 13

A seizure patient should put the bed in which position?

Answer 13

the lowest position

Question 14

A countercoup the brain hits the _____.

Answer 14

back

Question 15

In a coup the brain hits the _____.

Answer 15

front

Question 16

Bruising over the mastoid?

Answer 16

Battle’s sign

Question 17

Periorbital bruising?

Answer 17

Racoon eyes

Question 18

You can check to see if CSF is positive for ______.

Answer 18

glucose

Question 19

Never insert a ____ _____ in a client with a basilar skull fracture.

Answer 19

NG tube (it can get in the brain)

Question 20

A subrural hematoma is _____ symptoms and _____ blood.

Answer 20

slow symptoms and venous blood

Question 20

An epidural has _____ symptoms and is ______ blood.

Answer 20

quick symptoms and arterial

Question 21

In a spinal cord injury the _____ the injury the more function that is lost.

Answer 21

higher

Question 22

Injuries at and above T6 you need to monitor for _____ _______.

Answer 22

autonomic dysreflexia

Question 23

Autonomic dysreflexia is a syndrome characterized by sudden severe _______.

Answer 23

hypertension

Question 24

Name 3 signs of autonomic dysreflexia other then high BP.

Answer 24

1. Brady cardia 2. HA 3. Blurred vision

Question 25

Name 4 triggers of autonomic dysreflexia.

Answer 25

1. full bladder 2. Blister 3. UTI 4. restrictive clothing

Question 26

How should you position the client with autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 26

Sit the client up to lower their BP

Question 27

An ____ is a weakened vessel that can rupture.

Answer 27

aneurysm

Question 28

Name signs of a stroke 'BEFAST'

Answer 28

Balance (Dizzy / HA / LOB) Eyes (blurry vision) Face Arms Speech Time

Question 29

_______ is loss of half of a visual field.

Answer 29

Hemianopia

Question 30

What are the two treatments for an Ischemic Stroke?

Answer 30

1. Antithrombotics (tPA etc) 2. Percutaneous thromboectomy (surgical removal)

Question 31

Which meningitis is more dangerous?

Answer 31

bacterial

Question 32

Name two treatments for a hemorrhagic stroke.

Answer 32

1. craniotomy 2. EVD - drain blood. We don't want this client to be hypertensive.

Question 33

Name 4 signs of Meningitis

Answer 33

1. nuchal rigidity 2. photophobia 3. Kernig's sign (cannot extend knee due to pain) 4. Brudsinski signs (flexion of neck causes involuntary flexion of the knees and hips)

Question 34

______ is inflammation of the brain tissue.

Answer 34

Encephalitis

Question 35

Encephalitis causes ____ and ______.

Answer 35

edema and necrosis

Question 36

This is an autoimmune disorder that damages and degrades the myelin sheath surrounding the neurons.

Answer 36

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 37

Name 3 signs and symptoms of multiple Sclerosis.

Answer 37

1. Ataxia - poor muscle control 2. Nystagmus - involuntary, rapid, repetitive eye movement. 3. Hypotonia - decreased muscle tone.

Question 38

______ _____ is a viral or bacterial illness that switches to attacking the nerves and de-myelinates peripheral nerves. it causes ascending weakness and paralysis.

Answer 38

Guillain-Barre

Question 39

If Guillain-Barre ascends to the diaphragm it can cause?

Answer 39

respiratory arrest

Question 40

What are some assessments you will find with Gullian Barre?

Answer 40

1. Weakness and tingling 2. loss of muscle tone 3. absent reflexes

Question 41

Weakness, numbness, and pain from nerve damage.

Answer 41

Neuropathy

Question 42

Pain for neuropathy is often described as ____ and _____.

Answer 42

pins and needles

Question 43

Children under _____ y.o. should never have _____. It can cause Botulism.

Answer 43

1 years old / honey

Question 44

Botulism causes life-threatening _____ ______.

Answer 44

flaccid paralysis (loose floppy limbs)

Question 45

Name 2 symptoms of Botulism.

Answer 45

1. systemic DESCENDING flaccid paralysis 2. Blurry vision

Question 46

This is an autoimmune disorder tha has destroyed communication between the nerves and muscles.

Answer 46

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 47

This is a test you do to diagnose myasthenia graves. It assesses muscle strength.

Answer 47

Tensilon test

Question 48

What are two assessments you will see in Myasthenia gravis?

Answer 48

weak muscles and ptosis (drooping eyelid)

Question 49

This is a progressive system disorder that causes degeneration of dopamine neurons.

Answer 49

Parkinson's disease

Question 50

What are some assessments of Parksinsons disease? Name 4

Answer 50

1. tremor 2. mask-like face 3. difficulty balancing 4. rigidity

Question 51

Parkinson's "TRAP" symptoms

Answer 51

Tremor Rigidity Akinesia / Ataxia Postural instability

Question 52

Parkinsons patients are a huge ____ ____.

Answer 52

fall risk