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NGN-NCLEX 2024 > GI Disorders > Flashcards

GI Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Esophageal Varices are caused by ________ and _______.

A

Liver disease / Alcoholism

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2
Q

The two treatments for esophageal varices is _________ and ______.

A

Blakemore tube and surgery

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3
Q

______ ______ is a longterm complication of GERD.

A

Barett’s esophagus

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4
Q

Gastritis is associated with ___ ____ and _____.

A

H pylori / NSAIDs

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5
Q

Some clinical manifestations of Gastritis are vague ______ ______, ______ tenderness, and _____.

A

Vague abdominal discomfort, epigastric tenderness, and bleeding.

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6
Q

Gastritis healing can be ______ and within a _____ _____.

A

spontaneous and within a few days

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7
Q

A Gastric ulcer is due to ____ _____.

A

unhealed gastritis

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8
Q

Clients with gastritis have pain ______ _____ meal.

A

After a meal (1-2 hours)

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9
Q

Gastric ulcers are aggravated by _____.

A

eating

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10
Q

Some symptoms of a gastric ulcers are _____, ______, and ______ (if hemorrhage occurs).

A

Vomiting, Weight Loss, and Hematemesis

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11
Q

A duodenal ulcer is caused by the same thing as ___ ____.

A

gastric ulcers

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12
Q

Clients with duodenal ulcers have pain ____ meals.

A

after meals (2-4)

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13
Q

_______ may relive pain for duodenal ulcers.

A

food

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14
Q

Two symptoms of D. ulcer are?

A
  1. weight gain
  2. melena (black stool) if hemorrhage occurs
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15
Q

______ Disease is an idiopathic inflammatory disorder.

A

Crohn’s disease

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16
Q

Crohn’s disease affects which part?

A

Any part of the digestive tract. Mouth to Anus.

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17
Q

Crohn’s disease has ____ risk factors to ulcerative colitis.

A

similar

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18
Q

______ _____ is inflammation of the large intestines. (sigmoid & rectum)

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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19
Q

U. Colitis is common in those ____ to ____ years old and of _____ descent.

A

20 to 40 years old and of Jewish descent.

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20
Q

Suggested causes of U. Colitis are? (name 4)

A
  1. infectious
  2. immunologic (anticolon antibodies)
  3. dietary
  4. genetics
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21
Q

______ is herniation of the mucosa.

A

Diverticula

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22
Q

______ is asymptomatic diverticular disease.

A

diverticulosis

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23
Q

_____ is an inflammatory stage of diverticulosis.

A

diverticulitis

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24
Q

What are some possible causes of Diverticular Disease? (3)

A
  1. decreased dietary fiber
  2. > 60 years of age
  3. abnormal neuromuscular function
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25
Patients with D. disease have ______ tenderness.
Rebound tenderness
26
What are some intestinal obstruction clinical manifestations? (small intestines)
1. colicky pains (d/t intestinal distention) 2. N/V
27
What are some clinical manifestations of large intestine obstruction? (2)
1. Hypogastric pain 2. Abdominal distention
28
______ is most common age 10 years old.
Appendicitis
29
Appendicits begins as ____, ____ _____ pain.
dull, steady periumbilical pain.
30
______ sign is significant pain upon palpitation of the RLQ.
Positive Mcburnery's
31
In appendicits sudden relief of pain may indicate _____ _____.
appendix rupture
32
What are the "PAINS" of Appendicitis?
Pain (RLQ) Anorexia Increased temp & WBCs Nausea Signs (Mcburney's, Psoas)
33
______ sign is a "C" shaped bruise on pancreatic patients.
Cullen's sign
34
The #1 cause of pancreatitis is _______.
alcoholism
35
______ sign is a bruise along the flank of pancreatic patients.
Gray Turner's Sign
36
Pancreatitis patients have pain that increases with _____ due to increased enzymes.
eating
37
Another word for gallstones is _______.
Cholelithiasis
37
What are some assessments you will see in patients with pancreatitis? (6)
1. Rigid abdomen 2. Abdominal mass 3. Ascites 4. N/V 5. Jaundice 6. Hypotension
38
The two causes hyper______ and hyper _______.
1. Hyperlipidemia 2. Hyperbilirubinemia
39
A key assessment of gallstones is sudden, sharp ______ ______ pain.
RUQ abdominal pain
40
Where can pain radiate for gallstone patients?
to the back and between should blades or R shoulder.
41
Gallstones get worse at _____ or after a _____ meal.
night / fatty
42
A ______ is a removal of the bladder.
Cholecystecomy
43
_______is inflammation of the gallbladder.
cholecystitis
44
Cholecystitis is is caused by gallstones, ____, and a blocked ____ ____>
infection and a blocked bile duct
45
Patients with an inflamed gall bladder have a fever, leukocytosis, _____ tenderness, and abdominal _____ _____.
rebound tenderness, and abdominal muscle guarding.
46
Severe cases of Hepatitis can lead to _____ ______.
hepatic encephalopathy
47
Hepatitis ____ and ____ is d/t contaminated food and water (fecal-oral).
A and E
48
Hepatitis _____ is blood borne, also semen and vaginal fluids.(infected bodily fluids)
B
49
Hepatitis _____ can only happen if you are infected with HEP B.
D
50
Hepatitis ____ is the leading cause of end-stage liver disease worldwide.
Hep C
51
Which two Hep Viruses are not at risk of. chronic infection.
A and E
52
How can you prevent Hep E?
Improved hygiene and sanitation
53
Which two Hep types have a vaccination available?
A & B
54
Which two heps use antiviral therapy?
B & C
55
When there is inflammation of the liver due to hepatitis, the ______ builds instead of being converted to urea.
ammonia
56
Increased _____ levels can cause hepatic coma.
ammonia
57
What are the 4 Hepatic encephalopathy Assessments?
1. Changes in LOC (confusion, stupor etc) 2. Neuromuscular disturbances (hyperreflexia) 3. Fetor (musty or sweat breath) 4. Sleep, mood, & speech problems.
58
Cirrhosis is caused by ______ and _______.
alcoholism and hepatitis
59
what are the "ABCD" causes of Cirrhosis?
1. alcohol 2. Hep B 3. Hep C 4. Diet
60
Since of the major functions of the liver is production of clotting.Liver damage = _____ risk.
bleeding risk / Anemia
61
What are some key assessments of Cirrhosis?
1. Ascites / Edema 2. Abdominal pain / bloating 3. Jaundice
62
Abnormal labs in cirrhosis patients are ____ serum albumin and _____ serum liver enzymes (ALT / AST).
decreased serum albumin and increased serum liver enzymes

NGN-NCLEX 2024 (62 decks)

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