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NGN-NCLEX 2024 > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

When auscultating a heart murmur you will hear a….

A

harsh blowing sound

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2
Q

A-fib has no _____ on the ekg.

A

P waves

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3
Q

The preferred medication for A-fib is…..

A

Dilitazem

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4
Q

Amiodaron is used for three arrhythmic?

A
  1. V-tach
  2. V-fib
  3. A-fib
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5
Q

Dilitazem, amiodaron, and labetolol all lower the…

A

HR

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6
Q

What is the d-dimer test?

A

Shows protein fragments a clot breakdown.

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7
Q

Ankle Brachial index assesses……

A

The vascular status of the lower extremities.

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8
Q

SVT has no……

A

P-waves

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9
Q

CK-MG measures what?

A

muscle cell death.

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10
Q

Highest CK-MG levels are at how many hours?

A

18 hours

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11
Q

What is an early manifestation of Heart Failure?

A

S3

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12
Q

Swooshign sound over the umbilicus could possibly be a ______.

A

(AAA) Abdominal aortic aneurysm.

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13
Q

(TEE) visualizes the..

A

Heart chambers and valves. It helps to see if there are any clots.

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14
Q

What does dofetilide treat? And what can it prolong?

A

a fib / aflutter

can prolong the QT interval .

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15
Q

Adenosine can treat?….

A

SVT

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16
Q

Colchine is a _____ and treats _______>

A

anti-inflammatory and treats pericarditis.

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17
Q

A pulse deficit is the difference between ______ and ________ pulses.

A

apical and peripheral pulses.

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18
Q

Atrium has mini disorganized mini contractions.

A

A-fib

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19
Q

Atria contracts at high rates and overrides the SA node over and over again.

A

A-flutter

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20
Q

Electrical signal starts in the ventricles. Ventricles are pumping so fast, not filling up with blood. Only pumping out table spoons of blood.

A

V-tach

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21
Q

Most deadly. Ventricles pacemakers are erratic - there is no CO.

A

V-fib

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22
Q

A rapid HR that starts above the ventricles.

A

Supra ventricular tachycardia

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23
Q

Some Atrial impulses are not conducting to the ventricles.

A

Wencheback 2nd degree type 1

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24
Q

Av node not working. Close to a complete heart block.

A

Mobitz 2

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25
SA and AV node are not working, only the ventricles.
Torsades de pointes
26
Interventions for pulseless v-tach (4)
1. CPR 2. Defibrillator 3. Epi 4. Amiodarone or lidocaine
27
Interventions for stable v-tach
Amiodarone or lidocaine
28
Interventions for v-fib. (4)
1. CPR 2. Defibrillator 3. Epi 4. Amiodarone or lidocaine
29
Interventions of SVT (2)
1. Vagal maneuvers 2. Cardiovert adenosine
30
PVC interventions
BB’s Amiodarone Catheter ablation
31
What is acute coronary syndrome?
A sudden reduction or blockage of blood flow to the heart.
32
Name 4 atypical clinical features of ACS.
1. N/v 2.dyspnea 3.Increased fatigue 4. epigastric pain
33
Name 2 early signs of shock.
1. Restlessness 2. Tachycardia
34
List 2 common complications after a PCI.
1. Shock 2. Dysrhythmia
35
Dilitazem is a CCB and can cause ______ and _______.
Bradycardia and hypotension.
36
3rd degree heart block has no _________ after every other ________.
QRS / P-wave
37
What should you monitor when giving nitroprusside?
Thiocynate levels
38
Orthostatic hypotension is a _______ decrease in systolic pressure and ________ decrease in diastolic pressure.
20 / 10
39
Name two things that are not necessary to monitor after a PCI.
1. blood glucose 2. Troponin levels
40
Three key assessments of cardiac tamponade.
Beck's triad 1. JVD 2. Low BP 3. Can't hear heart sounds
41
Left sided HF is caused by ______.
HPTN
42
After a CABG ________ is common.
depression
43
CABG Teaching.
1.Limit pushing and pulling for 6 weeks. 2. don't cross legs 3.Elevate the limb that was used. 4. sex is ok if the client cal walk 1 block or climb 2 flights of stairs.
44
Before a cardiac procedure stop taking anti-platelets ______ before.
1 week
45
Name 4 Valvular heart disease teachings.
1. good oral hygiene 2. no flossing 3. no electrical toothbrush 4.no dental procedures for 6 months.
46
What is Raynauds phenomenon?
poor circulation which causes pain and a red, white and blue color in the extremities.
47
What is Buergers disease?
poor circulation that causes pain and a purple color in the extremities. It is associated with smoking and more common in men.
48
3 treatments for Raynauds and Burgers.
1. Stop smoking 2. wear warm clothes 3. vasodilators
49
What is a electrolyte side effect of ace inhibitors (lisinopril / ramipril / enalapril)?
Hyperkalemia
50
Killer adverse reaction of ace and arbs.
Angioedema
51
What drugs should you avoid using when taking a BB that can cause severe hypotension.
erectile dysfunction drugs
52
Don't drink this with CCB's. (pine/ mil/ zem)
grapefruit juice
53
2 killer adverse effects of aspirin.
1. bleeding 2. ototoxicity
54
clopidogrel / prasugrel are ___________.
Antiplatelets
55
apixaban , dabigatran, rivaroxaban are _______.
Anticoagulants
56
Hold anticoagulants if platelets are less than <_________ or active ______.
150,000 / bleeding
57
enoxaparine and hep sub-q help to prevent _________.
clots for post-op or bedrest.
58
This medication prevents clots for those with arrhythmias or artificial valves.
warfarin
59
_______ is the antidote for warfarin.
Vitamin K
60
Antidote for heparin IV is _______.
protamine sulfate
61
when taking warfarin don't increase or decrease ________.
amount of green leafy veggies consumed.
62
NTG decreases ______.
CO
63
CHF clients should not take _______ b/c it contributes to ________.
NSAIDS / fluid retention
64
You should exercise at least ________ minutes a week to prevent coronary artery disease.
150
65
decrease your sodium intake to ________ mg/ day to prevent coronary artery disease.
1500
66
Should you abruptly stop BP meds? yes or no.
NO
67
How should you position a client in Hypertensive crisis?
Semi fowlers
68
Change a clonidine patch every _______ days.
7
69
Dependent rubor is a classic manifestation of ________.
PAD
70
Why would a client that is sinus tachycardia need fluids?
To rehydrate
71
6 findings of infective endocarditis.
1.Fever 2.Night Sweats 3.Osler Nodes 4.Cardiac murmur 5.Weight loss 6.Malaise
72
6 Cardiac Tamponade manifestations.
1.Tachycardia 2.Tachypnea 3.Pericardial rub 4.JVD 5.hypotension 6.Narrowed Pulse Pressure
73
4 things that help increase CO.
1. Increased SV 2. Increased Sympathetic stimulation. 3. Admin positive inotropic drugs (digoxin). 4. Increased blood volume
74
What exercise is good for hypertension?
isometric
75
3 Acute MI signs.
1. Denial 2. hypotension 3. orthopnea
76
2 signs of influenza
1. Fever 2. Non-productive cough
77
2 manifestations of Pulmonary TB.
1. Fever 2. Night Sweats
78
To diagnose IE you need to get a ________.
echo
79
When you shower with a picc line should you cover it?
yes

NGN-NCLEX 2024 (62 decks)

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