Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Pectoral And Shoulder Regions > Flashcards

Pectoral And Shoulder Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Arm

A

Part between shoulder and elbow containing the humerus and muscles in the region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Forearm

A

Between elbow and wrist containing ulna, radius, and muscle in region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Humerus

A 
. Head 
. Anatomical & surgical necks 
. Greater and lesser tubercles 
. Intertubercular (bicipital) groove or sulcus—with lateral and medial lips 
. Shaft 
. Deltoid tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Brachial plexus

A

. Nerve network formed by ventral rami do spinal nerves C5-8 and T1
. Runs through axilla and will not be exposed by dissection a the time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Teres major m. OIA

A

O: post. side of the scapula
near inf. angle
I: med. lip of
intertubercular groove, near the insertion
of latissimus dorsi (anterior, superior part
of the humeral shaft)
A: extension, adduction, and med. rotation of humerus (same as lat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Teres major m. N and B

A

N: lower subscapular n.
B: subscapular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deltoid m. OIA

A

O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula; the same as the insertion of trapezius
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: ant. Part flexes and medially rotates, Lat. (acromial) part abducts, post. Part (scapular spine) extends and lat. rotates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Deltoid N and B

A

N: axillary nerve
B: post. Circumflex humeral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Also supplies the skin over the deltoid m.

. Courses w/ post. circumflex humeral artery around post. side of surgical neck of humerus deep to deltoid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Quadrangular space

A

. Bordered by teres minor m., teres major m., long head of triceps brachii m., and surgical neck of humerus
. Axillary nerve and post. Circumflex humeral artery located here
. Vulnerable w/ humerus dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Synovial bursa

A

.btw greater tubercle of humerus and deltoid and acromion
. Flat sac of synovial membrane enclosing synovial fluid
. Helps lubricate motion
. Can have 2 separate bursar or 1 large bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

. “Cuff” glenohumoral joint adhering to fibrous capsule helping to stabilize it
. Subscapularis m., supraspinatus m., infraspinatus m., teres minor m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Subscapularis m. OIA

A

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of the humerus
A: med. rotates humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Subscapularis m. N and B

A

N: upper and lower subscapular nn.
B: subscapular a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Supraspinatus OIA

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: sup. part of the greater tubercle of the humerus
A. Abducts humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Supraspinatus m. N and B

A

N: suprascapular n., which courses through the suprascapular notch and under the transverse scapular ligament
B: suprascapular a., which usually courses over the transverse scapular
ligament (not through the suprascapular notch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Infraspinatus m. OIA

A

O: infraspinous fossa
I: posterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus
A: lat. rotates humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Infraspinatus N and B

A

N: suprascapular n., which reaches this muscle by passing between the acromion and neck of the scapula
B: circumflex scapular a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Teres minor OIA

A

O: posterior side of the scapula, near its lateral border,
lateral to the origin of teres major
I: Posterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus,
A: lat. rotates humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Teres minor N and B

A

N: axillary n.
B: circumflex scapular a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pectoralis major OIA

A

O: Clavicular head (med. 1/3 clavicle), Sternocostal head (sternum and costal cartilages)
I: Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove (ant, sup. part of humeral shaft)
A: both heads adduction and med. rotates humerus, Clavicular head flexes humerus, sternocostal head flexes an extended humerus, but extends flexed humerus, depresses and protracts shoulder girdle by pulling on humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pectoralis major Na nd B

A

N: lat. and med. pectoral nn.
B: branches of internal thoracic, lat. thoracic, and thoraco-acromial arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pectoralis minor OIA

A

O: ribs 3, 4, 5 near the costochondral junctions
I: coracoid process of the scapula
A: depresses and protracts should girdles, helps w/ inf. Rotation of scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pectoralis minor N and B

A

N: medial pectoral n. (penetrates pectoralis minor m., and then enters the pectoralis major m.)
B: lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial aa. (both are branches of the axillary a.)

25
Q

Subclavius m. OIA

A

O: first costal cartilage
I: inferior side of the clavicle
A: depresses clavicle and resists lat. dislocation of clavicle

26
Q

Subclavius m. N

A

N: nerve to subclavius (small branch brachial plexus

27
Q

Clavipectoral fascia

A

. Subclavius and pectoralis minor embedded in this sheet

. In coronal plane

28
Q

Subclavius clavicle injury function

A

splint a fractured clavicle,

facilitating healing; also protects vessels and nerves in the axilla against injury from the sharp ends of broken bones.

29
Q

Serratus anterior m. OIA

A

O: First 8-9 ribs, laterally
I: Anterior (deep) side of scapula along its entire medial border (insert near angle for max leverage in rotating scapula sup.)
A: protracts shoulder girdle by pulling scapula ant., holds scapula to ribcage, rotates scapular sup. During abduction by pulling inf. Angle ant.

30
Q

Winging of scapula from denervation of serratus ant.

A

. inf. angle of scapula protrudes post. because the scapula is not fixed by the serratus anterior m.
. severe weakness of abduction and flexion of the arm because the scapula isn’t supported by the serratus anterior m.

31
Q

Omohyoid m. O.

A

Originates on sup. Border of scapula

32
Q

Coracobrachialis m. OIAN

A

O: coracoid process
I: ant. Surface of humerus mid shaft
A: flexes ad abducts arm
N: musculocutaneous n.

33
Q

Biceps brachii shape, OIAN

A

2 heads
O: long head supraglenoid tubercle (sup. To glenoid fossa), short head coracoid process
I: radial tuberosity and antebrachial fascia via bicipital aponeurosis
A: flexes and supinates forearm, long head weakly flexes arm, short head weakly adducts the abducted arm
N: musculocutaneous n.

34
Q

Triceps brachii m. Shape, OIAN

A

Shape: 3 heads
. O: long head infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lat. head: post surface of humerus sup. To spiral groove, med. head: post. Surface of humerus inf. To spiral groove
I: olecranon process of ulna
A: extends forearm; long head weakly extends and adducts arm
N: radial n.

35
Q

Arteries anastomosing on dorsal of scapula

A 
. Suprascapular a. 
. Dorsal scapular a. 
. Subscapular a. 
. Circumflex scapular a. 
. Post. Circumflex humeral a.
36
Q

Suprascapular artery branch of ___

A

. Branch of thyrocervical trunk from subclavian a.

37
Q

Dorsal scapular artery branch of ___

A

. Transverse cervical a. Or directly from subclavian a.

38
Q

Subscapular a. Branch of ___

A

Axillary a.

39
Q

Circumflex scapular a. Branch of ___

A

Subscapular a.

40
Q

Post. Circumflex humeral a. Branch of ___

A

Axillary a.

41
Q

Subclavian a. Branches off of ___

A

. Right subclavian off of brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian off aortic arch

42
Q

Axillary a. Begins at _____

A

Lat. border of 1st rib

43
Q

Brachial a. Begins at ___

A

. Inf. Border of teres major

44
Q

Mammary gland location

A

. Extends transversely from lat. border of sternum to midaxillary line
. Extends vert. From 2-6 ribs
. Small part extends towards axilla (axillary tail of Spence)
. 2/3 on deep pectoral fascia, 1/3 covering serratus ant.

45
Q

Retromammary space

A

Between breast and deep pectoral fascia is loose CT plane

46
Q

Areolae

A

. Contains numerous sebaceous glands (areolar glands/glands of Montgomery)

47
Q

Nipple

A

. Called papilla mammae
. Lactiferour ducts open into it
. Composed of circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers

48
Q

Lobule

A

. Functional unit of breast tissue drained by single lactiferous duct
. Separated from other loboules via suspensions ligaments
. 15-20 lobules

49
Q

Lactiferous ducts

A

. Each lobule sends duct to nipple

50
Q

Lactiferous sinus

A

. Enlargement of lactiferous duct prox. To its opening into nipple

51
Q

Suspensions ligaments of Cooper

A

. Fibrous bands of CT that connect skin overlying breast w/ superficial fascia separating glandular tissue into lobules

52
Q

Breast arterial supply

A

. Medial: perforating (ant. Cutaneous) branches of internal thoracic a. (ALSO CALLED MED. MAMMARY BRANCHES)
. Lat: thoracromial a. And lat. Mammary branches of lat. thoracic a. And of lat. cutaneous branches of post. Intercostal a.

53
Q

Breast venous drainage

A

. Drains to axillary vein
. Some drainage to internal thoracic v.
. Reverse route arterial supply

54
Q

Lymphatic drainage of breast

A

. Divided into 4 quadrants (sup. Lat, sup. Med., inf. Lat, inf. Med)
. Lateral quadrants and some medial (75% all tissue) drains to axillary lymph nodes then to central and apical lymph nodes
. Rest of tissue in med. quadrants drains to parasternal lymph nodes or opposite breast

55
Q

Why is lymph drainage important?

A

Plays role in metastasis of cancer

56
Q

Breast N.

A

4-6 intercostal nerves (lat. and ant. Cutaneous branches of these nerves)

57
Q

How does carcinoma of breast arise usually?

A

From epithelial cells of lactiferous ducts

58
Q

Signs of carcinoma in breast

A

. Skin dimpling, abnormal contours, edema of skin (Peau d’orange sign), and nipple retraction

Anatomy (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions