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Anatomy > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

The dental arches subdivide oral cavity into ____

A

Vestibule and oral cavity proper

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2
Q

Vestibule contents

A

. U-shaped space located between lips/cheeks and teeth/gums
. Labial and buccal mucosa line lips/cheeks and teeth/gums
. Opening to parotid duct pierced buccinator m. And opens into vestibule opposite of M2 teeth
. Buccinator
. Orbicularis oris m.
. Gingivae

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3
Q

Oral cavity proper

A

. Space btw dental arched ant. And lat., palatoglossal folds post., palate sup., and muscular floor of mouth inf.
. Contains tongue, submandibular and sublingual glands and their ducts

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4
Q

Dental arches

A

Alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible

. House dentition

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5
Q

Deciduous dentition

A

. 1st teeth (lower central incisors) erupt at 6-8 mo
. Final teeth erupt 2024 mo
. Teeth and shed and replaced w. Adult teeth age 6-12
. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 molars per quadrant (20 teeth total)
. Molars important for maintaining spacing for adult dentition
. Deciduous molars replaced by adult premolars

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6
Q

Permanent dentition

A

. 1st tooth at 6 y/o
. Final teeth (3rd molars/wisdom teeth) at 1 y/o
. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars (bicuspids), 3 molars (32 total)

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7
Q

Oral cavity cavity proper post. Boundary

A

. Palatoglossal folds border oropharyngeal isthmus

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8
Q

Oral cavity proper roof

A

. Palates covered by mucoperiosteum w/ mucous glands
. Hard palate: palatine processes of maxillary bones w/ incisive foramina ant. And horizontal plate of palatine bones w. Greater and lesser palatine foramina post.
. Soft palate: post. Extent of palate, has membranous aponeurosis, skeletal mm., and mucous membranes, continuous lat. w/ palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

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9
Q

Oral cavity proper floor boundary

A

. Mylohyoid m.

. Geniohyoid m.

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10
Q

Mylohyoid OIAN

A

O: mylohyoid line
I: body of hyoid and fibers from opposite site to form median raphe
A: elevates hyoid and floor of mouth during swallowing
N: n. To mylohyoid

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11
Q

Geniohyoid m. OIAN

A

O: genial tubercle of mandible
I: body of hyoid bone
A: pulls hyoid sup.
N: Ca ventral ramus coursing w/ hypoglossal n.

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12
Q

Maxillary teeth and sinuses innervation

A

. Ant., and middle sup. Alveolar nn. Branch from infraorbital n. In infraorbital canal
. Post. Sup. Alveolar n. Splits from maxillary n. And enters infratemporal surface of maxilla

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13
Q

Maxillary labial and buccal gingivae and mucosa innervation

A

. Sup. Labial n.: branches from infraorbital n. At infraorbital foramen
. Post. Sup. Alveolar n.

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14
Q

Hard palate mucosa, palatal gingivae of maxillary dental arches innervation

A

. Nasopalatine n.: supplies ant. Palatal mucosa and gingivae, passes from nasal cavity through incisive
. Greater palatine n: supplies palatal mucosa gingivae, courses from greater palatine canal through greater palatine foramen

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15
Q

Soft palate mucosa innervation

A

. Lesser palatine n.: mucosa of soft palate, courses from greater palatine canal through greater foramen
. Branches of glossopharyngeal n.

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16
Q

Mandibular teeth innervation

A

. Inf. Alveolar n. Branches from mandibular n., courses inf. To lat. pterygoid m. And enters mandibular foramen

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17
Q

Lower lip, chin, labial gingivae and mucosa innervation

A

. Mental n.: ranches from inf. Alveolar n. W/in mandible and emerges from mental foramen
. Buccal n. (Long buccal n.)

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18
Q

Lingual gingivae and mucosa of Floor of mouth, plus mucous membranes of ant. 2/3rds of tongue innervation

A

. Lingual n. Courses lat. hyoglossus m.

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19
Q

Blood supply to maxillary teeth and sinuses

A

. Ant. And middle sup. Alveolar aa. Branch from the infraorbital a. In the infraorbital canal
. Post. Sup. Alveolar a.: splits from maxillary a. And enters infratemporal surface of maxilla

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20
Q

Hard palate, palatal gingivae, of maxillary dental arches blood supply

A

. Septal branches of sphenopalatine a. Pass from nasal cavity through incisive foramen
. Greater palatine a. Branches from descending palatine a. And courses from greater palatine canal through greater palatine foramen

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21
Q

Soft palate blood supply

A

. Lesser palatine a. Branches from descending palatine a. And courses from greater palatine canal through greater palatine foramen

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22
Q

Mandibular teeth blood supply

A

. Inf. Alveolar a. Branches from maxillary a. And courses inf. To the lat. pterygoid m. To enter mandibular foramen

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23
Q

Lower lip, chin, and labial gingivae and mucosa blood supply

A

. Mental a. Branches from inf. Alveolar a. W/in mandible and emerges from mental foramen

24
Q

Lingual gingivae and floor of mouth and tongue blood supply

A

. Lingual a. Branches from ECA and courses deep to hyoglossus m. To give rise to several branches

25
Q

Buccal gingivae and mucosa of vestibule blood supply

A

. Facial a. And labial branches supply check and lips, buccinator and orbicularis oris mm., and buccal and labial mucosa fo cheeks

26
Q

Dorsal surface of tongue

A

. Sulcus terminalis: V-shaped groove dividing tongue into ant. Oral surface and post. Pharyngeal surface
. Oral surface w/ lingual papillae
. Pharyngeal surface w. Scatter taste buds and lingual tonsils

27
Q

Oral surface papillae

A

. Filiform: general sensory but no taste buds, mechanical purpose to inc. SA of tongue, draw food to esophagus, and distribution saliva
. Fungiform: have taste buds, pink spots
. Vallate: large, flat, just ant. To sulcus terminalis, has taste buds
. Foliate: small lat. folds of lingual mucosa on tongue sides, has taste buds

28
Q

Foramen caecum

A

. At apex of sulcus terminalis
. Site of origin of thyroid gland
. On pharyngeal surface of tongue

29
Q

Ventral surface of tongue

A

. Frenulum
. Sublingual caruncle: where submandibular duct opens
. Sublingual fold: fold of mucous membrane containing opening of sublingual ducts

30
Q

Intrinsic mm. Of tongue

A

. All arise from midline septum and intertwine each other
. Innervated by CN XII
. Change shape of tongue
. Divided into sup. And inf. Longitudinal, vertical, and transverse groups

31
Q

Extrinsic muscles of tongue

A

. Intertwine w. Intrinsic mm.
. Change position of tongue
. All innervated by CN XII except palatoglossus that is innervated by vagus n. And pharyngeal plexus

32
Q

Palatoglossus mm. OIA

A

O: Palatine aponeurosis of soft
palate
I: Side of tongue
A: Elevates the tongue and
narrows the oropharyngeal isthmus

33
Q

Styloglossus OIA

A

O: Styloid process and stylohyoid
ligament
I: Side of the tongue
A: Retracts the tongue and draws the sides up

34
Q

Hyoglossus m. OIA

A

O: Body and greater horn of hyoid
bone
I: Side of the tongue
A: Depresses and retracts the tongue; it also acts on hyoid bone

35
Q

Genioglossus m. OIA

A

O: Genial tubercle
I: Along the length of the dorsum of the tongue and hyoid bone
A: Depresses tongue; posterior part pulls tongue anteriorly

36
Q

General sensory innervation to tongue

A

. Lingual n. To ant. 2/3
. Glossopharyngeal n. To post. 1/3
. Internal laryngeal n. To root of tongue

37
Q

Special sensory to tongue innervation

A

. Chordatympani (facial n.) from ant. 2/3
. Glossopharyngeal from post. 1/3
. Vagus n. Branches from root of tongue, epiglottis, and palate

38
Q

Blood supply to tongue

A

. Lingual a. Courses deep to hyoglossus m.

39
Q

Palatal mucous glands innervation

A

. Parasympathetic: pre-ganglionic fibers from greater petrosal n. Synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion, postganglionic follow V2 branches to mucous glands
. SNS: postganglionic fibers from sup. Cervical ganglion and travel w/ blood vessels to oral cavity

40
Q

Parotid gland location and innervation

A

. Largest salivary gland
. Ant. To external eat and superficial to masseter
. PNS: preganglionic w/ lesser petrosal n. And synapse at otic ganglion, postganglionic fibers then travel w/ auriculotemporal n.
. SNS: postganglionic fibers from sup. Cervical ganglion and course w/ blood vessels to reach gland

41
Q

Parotid duct

A

. Courses across ant. Border of masseter m. And pierces buccinator
. Opens into vestibule of mouth near upper M2

42
Q

Submandibular gland location and innervation

A

. Submandibular triangle along post. Edge of mylohyoid m. Superficial to hyoglossus m., partially wraps around mylohyoid.
. PNS: preganglionic from chorda tympani course w/ lingual n., synapse in submandibular ganglion, the postganglionic fibers w/ distal lingual n. To gland
. SNS: postganglionic from sup. Cervical ganglionic course on lingual a. To gland

43
Q

Submandibular/Wharton’s duct

A

. On medial deep surface of gland between mylohyoid m. Lat. and hyoglossus and genioglossus mm. Med.
. Crosses lingual n. Sup. Before opening into mouth at sublingual caruncle

44
Q

Sublingual gland

A

. Almond-shaped, located just inf. To sublingual fold deep to mucous lining of mouth
. Sublingual ducts: open into mouth along sublingual fold
. Visceral motor innervation is same as submandibular gland

45
Q

What nodes drain the area supplied by facial and lingual aa.?

A

. Superficial cervical
. Submandibular
. Submental

46
Q

Deep cervical lymph nodes

A

. Located along internal jugular v.
. Run from clavicle to base of skull
. Receive lymph from superficial nodes and tongue

47
Q

Tongue lymphatics

A

. Post. 1/3 drains bilaterally to sup. Deep cervical lymph nodes
. Tip and central regions of tongue drain bilaterally but to lesser extent, drain into submandibular, submental, and inf. Deep cervical lymph nodes

48
Q

Lymphatic spread fo intraoral carcinoma

A

. Involves first uppermost, then middle, then lower deep dervical nodes
. Cross drainage btw R and L sides is common
. Tumor size and extent of metastatic spread are best indicators of patient prognosis

49
Q

HPV 16

A

. Leading cause of oropharyngeal cancers

. Also assoc. w/ cancers of cervix penis and anus

50
Q

What week does palate form by?

A

. Week 10

. Separates nasal and oral cavities

51
Q

Development of primary palate

A

. Derives from intermaxillary segment (arch 1) along w/ upper lip and maxillary incisors
. Intermaxillary segment forms median palatal process projection that becomes primary palate
. Segment is continuos w/ rostral part of nasal septum that arises from frontonasal prominence

52
Q

Development of secondary palate

A

. Derived from paired maxillary prominences (arch 1)
. Week 6: prominences develop med. projecting palatine shelves that grow into primitive nasal/oral cavity on either elide of tongue
. Week 7: mandible grows down and out and pulls tongue w/ it permitting palatine shelve to rotate into horizontal plane and grow to one another to fuse at midline
. Also fuse to nasal septum sup. That arises from frontonasal prominence and cartilages of basicranium

53
Q

Cleft palate prevalence

A

1/700 births

. Most common in native Americans and people of East Asian ancestry

54
Q

Anterior cleft lip and palate anomalies

A

. Involve upper lip and primary palate
. If severe is can extend from lip into nostril
. May result from mesenchyme deficiency in maxillary prominences and intermaxillary segment

55
Q

Posterior cleft palate anomalies

A

. Involves secondary hard palate and/or soft palate

. May result from defective development of secondary palate and growth distortions in last. Palatine processes

Anatomy (49 decks)

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