Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Gluteal Region And Thigh > Flashcards

Gluteal Region And Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteal region

A

. Post. To pelvis

. Boundaries: iliac crest sup., greater trochanter lat., and gluteal fold inf.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Thigh region boundaries

A

. Btw hip and knee
. Ant: inguinal ligament
. Post.: gluteal fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fascia lata attachments and function

A

.deep fascia of gluteal region and thigh
. Ant.: fuses w/ inguinal ligament and attaches to pubis
. Lat. and post.: iliac crest, ischial tuberosity, and sacrum
. Inf.: femur and tibia at knee
. Continuous w/ crural fascia
. Encloses gluteus Maximus and tensor fascia latae mm. To help stabilize knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Saphenous opening

A

. Superomedial thigh lat. to pubic tubercle

. Transmits blood and lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Iliotibial band

A

. Lat. thickening of fascia lata

. Attachments: iliac tubercle sup., lat. tibial (Gerry) tubercle inf.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Intermuscular septa

A

. Deep extensions attaching the fascia lata to femur
. Lat. intermuscular septum well defined and attached to iliotibial tract to linea aspera and lat. supracondylar line
. Med. and post. Intermuscular septa poorly defined, attach to med. linea aspera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Compartments of thigh

A

. Ant: flexors of hip and extensors of leg
. Med.: adductors of thigh
. Post.: extensors of thigh and flexors of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tensor fasciae latae m. OIAN

A

O: Iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
I: Iliotibial tract and Gerdy tubercle
A: Flexes, abducts, medially rotates thigh; stabilizes extended knee
N: Superior gluteal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gluteus Maximus OIAN

A

O: Post. ilium surface; dorsal sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous lig.
I: Iliotibial tract and Gerdy tubercle; gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: Extends, laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes torso; assists standing from
seated position
N: Inferior gluteal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gluteus medius OIAN

A

O: Anterosuperior ilium surface
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts, medially rotates thigh; stabilizes pelvis in one-legged stance
N: Superior gluteal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gluteus minimums OIAN

A

O: Anteroinferior ilium surface
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts, medially rotates thigh; stabilizes pelvis in one-legged stance
N: Superior gluteal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gluteus muscle use while walking

A

. Maximus counteracts forward momentum of torso

. Medius and minimus prevent pelvic tilt when contralateral leg is lifted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Piriformis m. OIAN

A

O: Ventral sacrum w/in pelvis and greater sciatic notch margin
I: Greater trochanter of femur (via greater sciatic foramen)
A: Laterally rotates thigh; abducts flexed thigh
N: Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Obturator internus m. OIAN

A

O: Pelvic surface of obturator membrane
I: Greater trochanter of femur (via lesser sciatic foramen)
A: Laterally rotates thigh; abducts flexed thigh
N: Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Superior gemellus m. OIAN

A

O: Ischial spine
I: Greater trochanter of femur via tendon of obturator internus
A: Laterally rotates thigh; abducts flexed thigh
N: Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inferior gemellus OIAN

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Greater trochanter of femur via tendon of
obturator internus
A: Laterally rotates thigh; abducts flexed thigh
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Quadratus femoris m. OIAN

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest
A: Laterally rotates thigh
N: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Trochanteric bursa

A

. Separates gluteus Maximus from greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ischial bursa

A

. Separates gluteus Maximus from ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Trochanteric bursitis

A

. Pain over greater trochanter that radiates to IT tract when climbing stairs or rising from seated position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ischial bursitis (Weaver’s bottom)

A

. . Caused be extended sitting on hard surfaces

. Coupled w/ repetitive lower limb movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Gluteal region branches of sacral plexus

A 
. Sup. And inf. Gluteal nn. 
. Sciatic n. 
. Post. Femoral cutaneous n. 
. Pudendal n. 
. Minor muscular nn.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sup. Gluteal n.

A

. L4-S1
. Exits greater sciatic foramen sup. To piriformis
. Courses and ratifies in plane btw gluteus medius and minimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Inf. Gluteal n.

A

. L5-S2
. Exits greater sciatic foramen inf. To piriformis
. Branches enter deep surface of Maximus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sciatic n.

A

. L4-S3
. Exits greater sciatic foramen inf. To piriformis
. Courses inf. And deep to Maximus, sup. To obturator internus, gemellus, and quad femoris
. Lat. to ischial tuberosity
. Tibial division: from ant. Divisions of sacral plexus
. Common fibular division: from post. Divisions of sacral plexus
. Divides in popliteal fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Posterior femoral cutaneous n.

A

. S2-3
. Course similar to sciatic n.
. Emerges inf. To Maximus and descends in post. Thigh deep to fascia lata
. Supplies inf. Cluneal nn. To the skin of butt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Cutaneous innervation of gluteal region

A

. Cluneal branches of dorsal primary rami (L1-S3)

. Post. Femoral cutaneous n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Superior gluteal a.

A

. Branch of post. Division of internal iliac a.
. Accompanies sup. Gluteal n.
. Supplies Maximus, medius, minimus, and tensor fasciae latae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Inferior gluteal a.

A

. Branch of ant. Division of internal iliac a.
. Accompanies inf. Gluteal n.
. Anastomoses w. Sup. Gluteal a.
. Supplies maximus, lat. rotators, and upper hamstring mm.

30
Q

Lymph for gluteal region

A

. Deep structures drain to internal iliac nodes

. Superficial tissues drain to superficial inguinal nodes

31
Q

Gluteus maximus gait

A

. Damage to inf. Gluteal n.
. Causes weakness of hip extension
. Tendency of torso to collapse forward (jack-knife)
. When walking, exaggerated torso extension during heel-strike on affected side maintains balance

32
Q

Gluteal safe area

A

. Superolateral quadrant of butt

. When injections go to prevent damage to nn. And vessels in butt

33
Q

Piriformis syndrome

A

. Compression of sciatic n. By piriformis

. Causes dull butt pain that radiates to post. Thigh, leg, and foot

34
Q

Muscles in posterior compartment of thigh

A

. Semitendinosus
. Semimembranosus
. Biceps femoris long and short heads

35
Q

Semitendinosus m. OIAN

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial surface of superior tibia
A: Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
N: Tibial division of sciatic nerve

36
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia
A: Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
N: Tibial division of sciatic nerve

37
Q

Biceps femoris long head OIAN

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Head of fibula
A: Extends thigh, flexes and laterally rotates leg
N: Tibial division of sciatic nerve

38
Q

Biceps femoris short head OIAN

A

O: Linea aspera
I: Head of fibula
A: Flexes and laterally rotates leg
N: Common fibular division of sciatic nerve

39
Q

Hamstring injuries are most common in what sports?

A

. Runners

. Cutting sports

40
Q

Muscles in anterior compartment of thigh

A

. Pectineus
. Iliopsoas
. Sartorius
. Quad femoris

41
Q

Pectineus OIAN

A

O: Superior pubic ramus
I: Pectineal line of femur
A: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates thigh
N: Femoral n., obturator n. (variable)

42
Q

Iliopsoas m. OIAN

A

O: psoas major and iliacus come together
I: lesser trochanter
A: Flexes thigh
N: L1-L3 fibers, directly and via femoral n.

43
Q

Sartorius m. OIAN

A

O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Medial surface of superior tibia
A: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh, Flexes and medially rotates leg
N: Femoral n.

44
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

. 4 muscle bellies attached to patella via quadriceps tendon and indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
. A: Extends leg (rec femoris flexes thigh)
. N: femoral n.
. Rectus femoris O: AIIS
. Vastus lateralis O: greater trochanter and lineman aspera
. Vastus medialis O: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
. Vastus intermedius O: ant. And lat. femoral shaft

45
Q

Suprapatellar bursa

A

. Sup. Extension of synovial membrane of the knee
. Seep to quad femoris tendon
. Deep fibers of vastus intermedius pull it sup. To prevent entrapment during knee extension

46
Q

Patellar tendon reflex

A

. Tests L2-4 segments and femoral n.

47
Q

Muscles in medial compartment of thigh

A 
. Gracilis
. Adductor longus 
. Adductor brevis 
. Adductor magnus 
. Obturator externus
48
Q

Gracilis m. OIAN

A

O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Medial surface of superior tibia
A: Adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
N: Obturator n.
. Can be used to replace injured muscle for breast reconstruction

49
Q

Pes anserinus

A

. Tendons of sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis

. Associated w/ anserine bursa

50
Q

Anserine bursitis

A

. Common cause of medial knee pain

51
Q

Adductor longus OIAN

A

Origin: Body of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: Adducts thigh
Innervation: Obturator n.

52
Q

Adductor brevis OIAN

A

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: Adducts thigh
Innervation: Obturator n.

53
Q

Adductor magnus puofemoral portion OIAN

A

O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
A: Adducts and flexes thigh
N: Obturator n.

54
Q

Adductor magnus ischiocondylar portion OIAN

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Adductor tubercle
Action: Extends thigh
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic n.

55
Q

Obturator externus m. OIAN

A

Origin: External surface of obturator membrane and adjacent pelvis
Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: Laterally rotates thigh
Innervation: Obturator n.

56
Q

Obturator n.

A

. Anterior divisions of L2-4
. Exits pelvis via obturator canal
. Divides into ant. And post. Branches that sandwich adductor brevis
. Innervates med. compartment mm. And pectineus
. Cutaneous branch supplies small region on superomedial thigh

57
Q

Femoral n.

A

. L2-4 posterior division
. Exits abdomen inf. To inguinal ligament
. Gives muscular branches to ant. Compartment mm.
. Ant. Femoral cutaneous branches supply skin of ant. Thigh
. Terminal cutaneous branch is saphenous n. Supplies anteromedial knee, leg, and foot

58
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous n.

A

. Exits abdomen inf. To inguinal ligament med. to ASIS
. Supplies skin of lat. thigh
. L2-3

59
Q

Post. Femoral cutaneous n.

A

. S2-3
. Descends in post. Thigh deep to fascia lata
. Supplies skin of post. Thigh and popliteal fossa

60
Q

Meralgia paresthetica

A

. Tingling/burning pain in upper lat. thigh
. Caused by compression of lat. femoral cutaneous n.
. Pregnancy, obesity, and restrictive clothing are common causes

61
Q

Femoral a.

A

. Continuation of external iliac a. Distal to inguinal ligament
. Exits abdomen inf. To inguinal ligament and med. to femoral n.
. Courses inf. Through femoral triangle and adductor canal
. Passes through adductor magnus hiatus then becomes popliteal a.
. Supplies mm. Of ant. And med. compartments
. Gives rise to deep femoral a.

62
Q

Deep femoral a.

A

. Supplies post. Compartment
. Courses inf. And deep to adductor longus
. Branches: medial circumflex femoral a., lat. femoral circumflex a., and perforating aa.

63
Q

Medial circumflex femoral a.

A

. Courses post. Btw pectineus and iliopsoas
. Supplies head and neck of femur
. Contributed to cruciate anastomosis

64
Q

Lat. femoral circumflex a.

A

. Courses lat. deep to rectus femoris m.

. Supplies ant. Gluteal mm. And contributes to cruciate and genicular anastomoses of hip and knee

65
Q

Perforating aa. Branches from deep femoral a.

A

. Pierce adductor magnus tendon

. Supplies adductor magnus and post. Compartment mm.

66
Q

Obturator a.

A

. Accompanies obturator n. Through obturator canal
. Ant. And post. Branches accompany obturator n.
. Supplies med. compartment muscles and head of femur via acetabulum branch

67
Q

Femoral v.

A

. Continuation of popliteal vv. As it transits adductor hiatus
. Becomes external iliac at inguinal ligament
. Ascends in adductor canal post. To femoral a.
. Receives deep femoral and great saphenous vv. And courses inf. To inguinal ligament med. to femoral a.

68
Q

What vein is commonly harvested for use in vascular graft procedures?

A

Great saphenous v.

69
Q

Femoral triangle

A

. Triangular depression in superomedial thigh bounded by inguinal ligament (base), sartorius and adductor longus (meet to make apex)
. Iliopsoas and pectineus: v-shaped floor
. Fasciae lata: roof
. Contents from lat. to med.: femoral n., a., v., deep inguinal lymph nodes (NAVL)

70
Q

Femoral sheath

A

. Funeral shaped prolongation of transversalis and iliacus fasciae surrounding femoral vessels
. Does NOT enclose femoral n.
. CT septa divide sheath into 3 vertical compartments: Lat (femoral a.), intermediate (femoral v.), and med (lymph vessels, deep inguinal nodes)

71
Q

Femoral canal

A

. Medial compartment of femoral sheath
. Proximal opening is called femoral ring and it bounded med. by lacunar ligament and lat. by compartment septum
. Site of femoral hernias

72
Q

Adductor (subsartorial) canal

A

. Bounded lat. by vastus medialis, med. by sartorius, and post. By adductor longus/magnus
. Transmits femoral a./v. And branches of femoral n. Including saphenous n.

Anatomy (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions