Pathophysiology of Inflammation I Flashcards
What does physiology mean?
Science of the function of living things.
What does pathophysiology mean?
Study of the disordered physiological processes that cause // result from // otherwise associated with a disease or injury.
What does pathology mean?
Scientific study of disease itself.
What does disease mean?
A condition where the presence of an abnormality is sufficient to cause a LOSS of normal health.
What does suppuration mean?
There is TOO MUCH inflammation = Leads to suppuration which is a process by which pus forms.
Name some causes of acute inflammation.
Microbial Infection Allergy Physical Agents Chemicals Tissue Necrosis
What kind of process is inflammation described to be?
Physiological Process.
What is the inflammation of the pericardium known as?
Ischaemia Pericarditis
What are the 5 words used to describe inflammation?
Rubor = Redness Calor = Heat Tumor = Swelling Dolor = Pain Loss of Function
What is cystitis?
Inflammation of the bladder = Due to an UTI.
What is a surveillance mechanism for inflammation?
Pattern recognition receptors on sentinel cells.
What does surveillance mechanisms respond to?
Respond to pathogen - associated molecular patterns.
What are inflammatory mediators?
These are messengers which acts on blood vessels and cells in order to promote an inflammatory response.
What do NSAIDS do?
Block COX enzymes.
What are local hormones?
Chemical messengers which convey information from one cell to another.
Operates in the immediate environment.
Name some examples of inflammatory mediators.
- Simple Compounds (Amines)
- Elcosanoids (generated from fatty acid precursors)
- Peptides // Proteins
Name some examples of simple compounds (amines).
Histamine
Serotonin
Name some examples of elcosanoids.
Prostanoids
Leukotrienes
Lipoxins
Resolvins
Name some examples of peptides and proteins.
Cytokines
Bradykinin
Name the sub categories of cytokines.
Interleukins
Interferons
Chemokines
Colony Stimulating Factor
What is the purpose of interleukins?
Signal between WBC and many other functions.
What is the purpose of interferons?
Group of signalling proteins which interfere with viral replication.
What is the purpose of chemokines?
Controls the migration of WBC.
What are colony stimulating factors?
Stimulate the formation of maturing colonies of WBC.