Cell Membranes II Flashcards
What does membrane functions rely on?
Depends on the structure.
What are the functions of the membrane?
JETRAT
J unctions E nzymes T ransport R ecognition A nchorage Transduction
What does the cell membrane regulate?
Regulates the concentration of substances inside the cell.
What molecules can move through the lipid bilayer?
Small and non - polar material.
What are the two types of transport?
Active and Passive.
Which solute carriers are used in active transport?
Uniport.
Antiport.
Symport.
Which solute carriers are used in passive transport?
Uniport.
Simple Diffusion.
Which two process are the reactive transport types that DO NOT involve membrane carriers?
Exocytosis.
Endocytosis.
What is the definition of the concentration gradient?
Difference in concentration of a substance on two sides of a membrane.
What are the main 3 types of passive transport?
Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion. (2 types)
What are the 2 types of facilitated diffusion?
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins
What is the difference between carrier mediated facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion?
Amount of solute that can be transported is HIGHER than the amount that can be transported without carrier simple diffusion.
What is the definition of simple diffusion?
Movement of particles from HIGHER to LOWER concentration.
What aids the diffusion of particles within the body?
Internal body temperature.
Name some lipid soluble substances.
O2 / N2 / CO2 / Vit A / Vita D / Vit E
What substance is of a higher concentration INSIDE the cell?
Carbon Dioxide
What substance is of a higher concentration OUTSIDE the cell?
Oxygen
What is the definition of osmosis?
Diffusion of water via a SEMI PERMEABLE membrane down the concentration gradient.
What is an aquaporin and what is the purpose of it?
It’s a protein and allows water to pass through.
Why can’t water pass through and instead needs to be transported via proteins?
Water is highly INSOLUBLE and therefore, selective permeability has to occur in order for water to pass through.
What the 3 solution types?
Hypotonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
Hypertonic Solution
What is a Hypotonic Solution?
Concentration of the solute is LOWER OUTSIDE than inside the cell.
Water moves INSIDE.
= Lysis occurs.
What happens when water moves into the cell?
LYSIS occurs.
This is when the cell loses its shape and then, bursts.
What is a Hypertonic Solution?
Concentration of the solute is HIGHER INSIDE than outside the cell.
Water moves OUTSIDE.
= Crenation occurs.