Body Compartments and Drug Movement A Flashcards
What does compartments mean?
Locations separated by a physical barrier.
There are extracellular and intracellular compartments.
What does the extracellular compartments protect?
The blood and interstitial fluids.
What are the interstitial fluids?
Thin layer of fluid which surrounds the body’s cells.
What does the intracellular compartments protect?
Everything else which is in the cells.
What are the cavities?
Spaces which contain the organs and is surrounded by a thin layer of fluid.
Name some cavities which are present in the body.
Thoracic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Pleural Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
What is a lumen?
Channels within hollow organs / tissues and is filled with fluid.
What does the epithelial lumen cover?
Respiratory tract / gut / urinary tract / reproductive tract / sweet ducts.
What does the endothelial lumen cover?
Heart / Blood Vessels / Lymphatic.
What is the purpose of the Lymphatic Cell System?
Moving fluid which does not have any cells in it.
List all the fluids within the body compartments and the percentages for the body compartments.
Intracellular Fluid = 67% (28 LITRES)
Interstitial Fluid = 26% (11 LITRES)
Plasma + Other fluids = 7% (3 LITRES)
What does extracellular fluid contain?
Interstitial Fluid
Plasma
Other fluid
What is the serous membrane?
It is a membrane which cushions the organs / lines all the cavities.
Name the order the barriers are in between compartments.
Lumen Epithelium Endothelium Cavity Organ Cell (lipid membrane covers the cell) *everything is lined by the serous membrane*
What are the 3 main types of epithelium?
Squamous (flat + tough)
Cuboidal (cuboid shaped)
Columnar (tall + thin)
What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelium?
Simple Epithelium = There is one layer of cells.
Stratified Epithelium = There is multiple layers of cells.
What are the three methods used for movement of drugs across the epithelium or endothelium?
Paracellular
Transcellular
Intracellular
What does paracellular movement mean?
The transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through the intercellular space BETWEEN the cells.
What does transcellular movement mean?
The substances travel THROUGH the cell, passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane.
What are intracellular junctions?
Specialised regions of contact between the plasma membranes of adjacent cells.
Name three ways movement of drugs across cell membranes occurs.
- Diffusion through lipid bilayers
- Active Transport
- Pinocytosis (pinocytosis = big molecules ONLY)
