P3 PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards
any foreign compounds we refer to them as
xenobiotics
xenobiotics are normally polar or non polar
non polar , lipophilic
in order for xenobiotics to get excreted from body they need to be
polar , hydrophilic
most common site for drug biotransformation
liver
other sites fro drug biotransformation
kidney , lung , brain , intestines
most common type of drug biotransformation
from active drug to inactive metabolite
other 3 types of drug biotransformation
inactive to active
active drug to active metabolite
Active drug to toxic metabolite
Example of transforming inactive drug to active drug
Prednisone to prednisolone
phase 1 of biotransformation includes processes such as
Oxidation
Reduction
hydrolysis
the drug after phase 1 will be
Slightly hydrophilic
phase 2 processes
Methylation
glucuronidation
sulfation , acetylation
glutathione conjugation
amino acids conjugation
why not all drugs get biotransformed
Depends on the hydrophilicity
organ eliminating lipophilic drugs
liver
organ eliminating hydrophilic drugs
kidney
most of phase 1 reactions are achieved by this enzyme
Cytochrome P450
the CYTO part comes from
the enzyme attachment to ER membrane
the CHROME & P part comes from
the enzyme containing heme pigment
the 450 represents
the peak activity detected
the CYP represents
the superfamily
Number 3 represents
the family
how many cytochrome families are there
18
the letter A represents
the subfamily
how many subfamilies are there
41
the number 4 represents
the isoenzyme
