P3 PATHOLOGY

Question 1

dual blood supply of liver comes from

Answer 1

portal vein , hepatic artery

Question 2

acute liver disorders can be caused be

Answer 2

virus , drug , gallstones , alcohol toxicity

Question 3

Chronic liver disorders can be caused by

Answer 3

Chronic hepatitis , cirrhosis , virus , alcohol ,autoimmune hepatitis
PBC

Question 4

Congenital liver disorders

Answer 4

haemochromatosis, wilson syndrome
alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

Question 5

benign neoplastic liver disorders

Answer 5

adenoma , angioma , nodular hyperplasia

Question 6

malignant neoplastic liver disorders

Answer 6

hepatocellular carcinoma , cholangiocarcinoma
hepatoblastoma , angiosarcoma

Question 7

types of cysts formed in liver

Answer 7

Simple , hydatid

Question 8

Transformation of liver into regenerative parenchymal nodules surrounded by fibrous bands

Answer 8

liver cirrhosis

Question 9

end stage complications of liver disease

Answer 9

diffuse involvement
normal hepatic structure destruction
extensive fibrosis replacement
Regenerating nodules of hepatocytes

Question 10

causes of liver cirrhosis

Answer 10

Alcohol , viral infections , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
toxins , biliary disease , autoimmune hepatitis
metabolic disorders , cryptogenic cirrhosis

Question 11

in micronodular cirrhosis , size of nodules will be

Answer 11

less than 3 mm in diameter

Question 12

in macronodular cirrhosis , size of nodules will be

Answer 12

greater than 3 mm in diameter

Question 13

Complications of
cirrhosis

Answer 13

Jaundice , portal hypertension , ascites , hypoproteinemia, splenomegaly , encephalopathy , spider naevi

Question 14

Cirrhotic liver patients can present with nonspecific clinical manifestations such as

Answer 14

Anorexia , weight loss , weakness

Question 15

Needle liver biopsy is done to

Answer 15

• determine the cause
• determine grade of inflammation
• type , stage of cirrhosis
• detect neoplasia

Question 16

liver biopsy findings that are unlikely to be seen in cirrhosis / portal hypertension

Answer 16

thin fibrous septa
Large islands of regenerated parenchyma

Question 17

liver biopsy findings that are unlikely to be seen in cirrhosis / portal hypertension

Answer 17

broad/thick bounds of fibrosis
loss of parenchyma

Question 18

pathology of alcoholic liver

Answer 18

fatty change
acute hepatitis , mallory hyaline
Chronic hepatitis with portal fibrosis
micro-nodular cirrhosis

Question 19

metabolite of ethyl alcohol

Answer 19

Acetaldehyde

Question 20

collagen synthesis is stimulated by

Answer 20

Alcohol

Question 21

type of stain used for haemochromatosis

Answer 21

prussain blue stain (perl’s stain )

Question 22

stain used for antitrypsin globules

Answer 22

PAS stain

Question 23

Complications of liver cirrhosis

Answer 23

upper GI haemorrhage
Encephalopathy
infection
hepatorenal syndrome
Primary liver carcinoma

Question 24

most important complication

Answer 24

Oesophageal varices

Question 25

causes of fatty liver

Answer 25

Alcohol , obesity ,starvation , diabetes
HCV , Reyes syndrome

Question 26

most common carcinoma of the liver

Answer 26

Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC

Question 27

causes of HCC

Answer 27

Cirrhosis , hepatitis B/C
hemochromatosis
aflatoxin beta 1 def
alpha-1-antitrypsin def

Question 28

lab test will show what in HCC

Answer 28

elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels

Question 29

gross appearance for HCC

Answer 29

large solitary / multiple nodules

Question 30

Microscopic appearance for HCC

Answer 30

Thickened hepatocyte trabecular
fibrolamellar variant