P1 PHARMACOLOGY

Question 1

drugs that enhance motility of GI

Answer 1

prokinetic drugs

Question 2

type of motility aiming for

Answer 2

Coordinated GI motility

Question 3

main 2 drugs of choice

Answer 3

metoclopramide & domperidone

Question 4

effector neuron proximal to bolus release

Answer 4

ACH

Question 5

effector neuron distal to bolus

Answer 5

nitric oxide , vasoactive intestinal polypeptide

Question 6

ACH secretion causes

Answer 6

Contraction of the muscle

Question 7

NO & VIP causes

Answer 7

Relaxation of the muscle

Question 8

cholinergic drugs are not used anymore due to

Answer 8

Unspecific to GI muscarinic receptors
Uncoordinated GI motility

Question 9

Example s on cholinergic drugs

Answer 9

bethanechol
neostigmine

Question 10

MOA of bethanechol

Answer 10

acting on M3 receptors directly

Question 11

MOA of neostigmine

Answer 11

Reversible Ach esterase inhibitor
indirectly

Question 12

cholinergic agonists are used nowadays rarely for

Answer 12

post - operative paralytic ileus

Question 13

MOA of Domperidone

Answer 13

D2 - antagonist

Question 14

Effects of domperidone

Answer 14

1- ↑LES tone
2- Facilitate peristalsis and gastric emptying
3- Relaxation of pyloric antrum & 1st part of duodenum
4-↑ prolactin levels
5- anti-emetic

Question 15

Indications for domperidone

Answer 15

GERD / diabetic gastroparesis / lactational deficiency / anti-emetic

Question 16

ADR of domperidone

Answer 16

hyperprolactinemia

Question 17

MOA of metoclopramide

Answer 17

D2- antagonist
5HT3- antagonist
5HT4- agonist

Question 18

effects of metoclopramide

Answer 18

1- ↑LES tone
2- Facilitate peristalsis and gastric emptying
3- Relaxation of pyloric antrum & 1st part of duodenum
4-↑ prolactin levels
5- anti-emetic

Question 19

indications for metoclopramide

Answer 19

GERD / diabetic gastroparesis / lactational deficiency / anti-emetic

Question 20

ADR of metoclopramide

Answer 20

hyperprolactinemia / induced Parkinsonism

Question 21

why do metoclopramide induce Parkinson disease

Answer 21

it crosses BBB

Question 22

What is your DRUG OF CHOICE from dopamine receptor antagonists

Answer 22

Domperidone

Question 23

drugs used to facilitate colon movement

Answer 23

prucalopride

Question 24

to what drug classes does prucalopride belongs to

Answer 24

serotonin receptor agonist

Question 25

MOA of prucalopride

Answer 25

acting as 5HT-4 agonist

Question 26

serotonin agonist drugs are used for

Answer 26

Idiopathic constipation

Question 27

ADR of prucalopride

Answer 27

headache nausea vomiting

Question 28

drugs that are no longer used due to resistance

Answer 28

motilides / macrolides

Question 29

name the drug belonging to macrolides

Answer 29

Erythromycin

Question 30

MOA of erythromycin

Answer 30

motilin receptor agonist

Question 31

Housekeeper of the gut

Answer 31

motilin

Question 32

macrolides were used for

Answer 32

Improve peristalsis in small intestine

Question 33

Your DRUGS OF CHOICE in case of achalasia cardia

Answer 33

CCBs / organic nitrates / botulinum toxin

Question 34

Example for CCB

Answer 34

nifedipine

Question 35

Example for organic nitrate

Answer 35

isosorbide dinitrate

Question 36

Botulinum toxin is produced from

Answer 36

Clostridium botulinum ( bacteria )

Question 37

MOA of botulinum toxin

Answer 37

blocks stimulus-induced ACH release