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UNIT 5 GI > P3 MICROBIOLOGY > Flashcards

P3 MICROBIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

infections caused by agents whose primary tissue tropism is the liver

A

viral hepatitis

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1
Q

most common hepatitis viruses

A

Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E

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2
Q

other hepatitis viruses to be excluded

A

CMV , Epstein - barr virus , herpes simplex virus
Yellow fever , rubella

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3
Q

enterically transmitted hepatitis

A

A ,E

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4
Q

Parenterally transmitted hepatitis

A

B , C , D

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5
Q

genome in hepatitis A

A

simple stranded RNA

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6
Q

Characteristics of hepatitis A virus

A

picornavirus , enterovirus 72
small , non-enveloped icoshedral particle

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7
Q

Transmission of hepatitis A virus

A

Contaminated food & water

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8
Q

Incubation period for hepatitis A virus

A

3-5 weeks

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9
Q

Hepatitis A cells multiplies in

A

liver cells

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10
Q

Hepatitis A infected patients have the risk to spread the disease due to

A

its excretion in the stools for 2 weeks

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11
Q

Hepatitis A is more severe in

A

Pregnant patients

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12
Q

Complications of hepatitis A

A

Fulminant hepatitis

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13
Q

Transmission of hepatitis A is always linked with

A

linked with hygiene

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14
Q

Transmission of hepatitis A

A

via fecal-oral route

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15
Q

to diagnose patient is now having hepatitis A you need to measure

A

IgM levels

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16
Q

to prove that the patient had an infection with hepatitis A you need to measure

A

IgG

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17
Q

if the patient is vaccinated their serum will show

A

IgG

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18
Q

Prevention from hepatitis A

A

passive / active immunisation

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19
Q

hepatitis E family

A

calicivirus

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20
Q

Hepatitis E virus characteristics

A

Spherical , non-enveloped

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21
Q

genome in hepatitis E virus

A

single stranded RNA

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22
Q

Incubation period for hepatitis E

A

30-40 days

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23
Q

age group infected by Hepatitis E

A

young adults , 15 - 40 years

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24
Q

Complications of hepatitis E

A

fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women

25
Q

Transmission of hepatitis E

A

via contaminated water & food

26
Q

Diagnosis of hepatitis E is taken from what specimen

A

stool , serum (blood)

27
Q

in stool specimen for hepatitis E you will detect

A

calicivirus like particles
HEV specific sequences

28
Q

best rapid way to diagnose hepatitis E

A

serum IgM

29
Q

genome in hepatitis B

A

circular double stranded DNA

30
Q

HBV antigens

A

HBsAg , HBsAg , HBeAg

31
Q

protein of HBsAg is a

A

surface / coat protein

32
Q

Protein of HBcAg is a

A

inner core protein

33
Q

Protein of HBeAg is a

A

Secreted protein / replication protein

34
Q

types of Transmission in hepatitis B

A

vertical , sexual

35
Q

a mother can transmit hepatitis B to the baby by

A

transplacental , during delivery , post-natal

36
Q

incubation period for hepatitis B

A

2-5 months

37
Q

Complications of hepatitis B infection

A

Persistent infection
Fulminant hepatitis

38
Q

groups at risk for hepatitis B

A

young children / babies
immunocompromised patients

39
Q

gender at more risk for hepatitis B

A

males

40
Q

best antigen to diagnose hepatitis B

A

HBs Ag

41
Q

what antibody is the only detectable in the window period

A

IgM anti-core
HBc-IgM

42
Q

Chronic hepatitis B infection patients are at highly risk of developing

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

43
Q

which one of the hepatitis viruses is linked/ dependent on hepatitis B

A

Hepatitis D

44
Q

Hepatitis B helps hepatitis D with its

A

replication

45
Q

genome in hepatitis D

A

single stranded RNA

46
Q

Clinical features of hepatitis D infection

A

Increased severity in HBV carriers

47
Q

Hepatitis D is present more in

A

intra-venous drug abusers ( Italy )

48
Q

genome in hepatitis C

A

single stranded RNA

49
Q

incubation of hepatitis C

A

6-8 weeks

50
Q

Complications in hepatitis C

A

Chronic liver disease
hepatocellular carcinoma

51
Q

Transmission of hepatitis C

A

blood transfusions
organ donation
IV abuse
Sexual intercourse

52
Q

tests to diagnose hepatitis C

A

Serology
RT-PCR

53
Q

RT-PCR will detect

A

viral load
Genotype

54
Q

in serology you will detect

A

IgG

55
Q

HCV genotype 1,2,3 are present in

A

Worldwide

56
Q

HCV genotype 4 is found in

A

middle east , Egypt
central africa

57
Q

HCV genotype 5 is present in

A

south africa

58
Q

high mortality rate in pregnant women

A

Hepatitis E virus

59
Q

markers specific to immunity to HBV

A

anti-HBs

60
Q

major route for hepatitis A virus

A

fecal-oral route

61
Q

Interferons function

A

alert neighbouring cells of the infected cells to be in the antiviral state

UNIT 5 GI (34 decks)

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