P1 PATHOLOGY

Question 1

common risk factor for developing Barrett oesophagus

Answer 1

GERD

Question 2

who usually presents with barrett disease

Answer 2

white males , 40-6- years

Question 3

Regular screening done with barrett patients is to

Answer 3

Detect oesophageal cancer ( dysplasia ) early

Question 4

what type of oesophageal cancer does barrett usually confers to

Answer 4

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Question 5

Epithelial dysplasia increase with

Answer 5

duration of symptoms
Patient age

Question 6

what medical invasive procedures are done to confirm diagnosis

Answer 6

Endoscopy
Biopsy taken for Histology

Question 7

Endoscopically will recognize

Answer 7

patches of red , velvety mucosa

Question 8

those patches are due to altering from -to

Answer 8

altering from smooth squamous to light brown columnar mucosa

Question 9

barrett oesophagaus is histologically Characterised by

Answer 9

presence of mucin containing goblet cells

Question 10

most common types of oesophageal cancer

Answer 10

adenocarcinoma
S.C.C

Question 11

risk factors for adenocarcinoma

Answer 11

History of GERD / barrett
smoking
obese
Previous radiation therapy

Question 12

gender at more risk

Answer 12

males

Question 13

Ethnic groups at higher risk

Answer 13

white people

Question 14

Precursor of adenocarcinoma

Answer 14

barrett disease

Question 15

location that is is usually affected

Answer 15

distal part of the oesophagus / lower part

Question 16

Tumors in adenocarcinoma typically produce

Answer 16

mucin

Question 17

Patient will present with

Answer 17

Dysphagia
chest pain
Weight loss
vomiting

Question 18

risk factors for S.C.C

Answer 18

smoking / Alcohol
Poverty / oesophageal injury
achlasia / plummer-vinson syndrome
very hot beverages / previous radiation to mediastinum

Question 19

gender at higher risk

Answer 19

males

Question 20

age groups at higher risk

Answer 20

older than 45 years

Question 21

Ethnic groups at higher risk

Answer 21

African Americans

Question 22

Precursors for S.C.C

Answer 22

Alcohol consumption
Nutritional deficiencies

Question 23

what viral infection can be considered as a precursor for S.C.C

Answer 23

HPV

Question 24

location that is usually affected

Answer 24

middle third part

Question 25

in situ form of S.C.C

Answer 25

Squamous dysplasia

Question 26

early lesions of S.C.C appear as

Answer 26

small , grey-white plaque like thickneings

Question 27

Structures that can be invaded by S.C.C

Answer 27

Respiratory tree / aorta
Mediastinum / pericardium

Question 28

Tumors in upper third metastase to what LN

Answer 28

cervical LNs

Question 29

middle third localized tumors favor what LN

Answer 29

Mediastinal , paratracheal & tracheobronchial LNs

Question 30

lower third localized tumors favor what LN

Answer 30

gastric & celiac LNs

Question 31

S.C.C Patient presents with

Answer 31

Dysphagia , odynophagia
Extreme weight loss