Nucleic Acids Flashcards
What is dna and what does it do
Carries genetic information which is passed on features of an organism from one generation to the next
What is the nucleotide structure
A phosphate group
Deoxyribose
Bitrogen containing organic base
How are nucleotides made
Comdesnation reaction between organic base and phosphate group and deoxyribose
How do two nucleotides join together
Condensation reaction between the deoxyribose of one mononucleotude and the phosphate group of another nucleotide forming a phosphodiester bond
What is rna
A single short strand on nucleotide containing three things
One type of rams transfers dna to ribosomes = mRNA
Ribosomes are made from rna
Third type is involved in protein synthessis tRNA
How do two strands form in dna
The two strands are joined together by hydrogen bonds which form between certain bases
What is base pairing
The bases on the two strands of dna starch to each other by hydrogen bonds which hold the two strands together
What can the nucleotide also be referred to as
The backbone of dna
What are the two reasons why dna is stable
Phosphodiester backbone protects the more chemically reactive organic basis with the double helix
There are three hydrogen bonds that form between c and g base pairs so the higher the proportion of bonds the more stable the dna
What is dna responsibility
Passing genetic material from cell to cell and generationto generation
What 5 brief ways is dna molecule adapted for its function
Stable structure Separate strands Extremely large molecule Base pairs within helical structures Base pairing weak hydrogen bonds Helix cooled so compact
What the purpose of being stable
Very stable and passes from generation. Without change rarely mutates
Importance of two separate strands
Only joined with hydrogen bonds which allow them to deprecate during dna replication and protein synthesis
Importance of being large
Carries an immense amount of genetic material
Base pairs within importance
Protects from extreme net physical and chemical substances or forces
